A 66 year old female presented to us with a 2 months history of a right ocular surface mass. On examination, a 5mm raised 10x10mm non pigmented superotemporal conjunctival lesion was found to be covering the upper half of the cornea. Incisional biopsy was done at that visit. Two weeks later, the mass nearly doubled in size and covered most of the cornea. B-scan and ultrasound biomicroscopy did not reveal intraocular extension. Computerized tomography did not reveal any orbital extension. One day later, the biopsy results revealed conjunctival malignant melanoma. Two days later, surgical excision with wide margins, cryotherapy to the margins and absolute alcohol application to bare sclera was performed. Specimen pathology showed all margins except the deep margin were tumor free. Postoperatively, treatment with interferon α2b drops was initiated. Systemic work up did not reveal any metastasis. No evidence of recurrence is seen 1 year after surgery.

This work aims to evaluate the role of open surgical procedures in the management of complex foot and ankle deformities of different aetiologies. This study is analytic cross section study. It is combined retrospective and prospective study. The retrospective part (group I: 62 feet) includes the patients who were operated in the period between 2008- 2009. The prospective part (group II: 11 feet) includes the patients who were operated in 2010. All cases were operated in at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

This work aims to evaluate the role of open surgical procedures in the management of complex foot and ankle deformities of different aetiologies. This study is analytic cross section study. It is combined retrospective and prospective study. The retrospective part (group I: 62 feet) includes the patients who were operated in the period between 2008- 2009. The prospective part (group II: 11 feet) includes the patients who were operated in 2010. All cases were operated in at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

This work aims to evaluate the role of open surgical procedures in the management of complex foot and ankle deformities of different aetiologies. This study is analytic cross section study. It is combined retrospective and prospective study. The retrospective part (group I: 62 feet) includes the patients who were operated in the period between 2008- 2009. The prospective part (group II: 11 feet) includes the patients who were operated in 2010. All cases were operated in at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

This work aims to evaluate the role of open surgical procedures in the management of complex foot and ankle deformities of different aetiologies. This study is analytic cross section study. It is combined retrospective and prospective study. The retrospective part (group I: 62 feet) includes the patients who were operated in the period between 2008- 2009. The prospective part (group II: 11 feet) includes the patients who were operated in 2010. All cases were operated in at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Introduction and study methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the pattern of respiratory disorders and some associated risk factors among 260 aluminum-exposed workers and 80 nonexposed workers. Data were collected by a respiratory symptoms questionnaire. Spirometry and chest radiography were performed on all participants. Results The aluminum-exposed workers suffered significantly more from chronic cough, phlegm, wheezes and breathlessness (34.2, 42.3, 42.3 and 36.9%, respectively) compared with nonexposed workers (P 0.05). Mean values of spirometric measurements regarding FVC%, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC and PEF25–75% as percentages of predicted were significantly lower among exposed workers (84.15 ± 15.02, 88.77 ± 17.65, 106.15 ± 14.72 and 81.34 ± 29.1, respectively) compared with nonexposed workers (P 0.05).The interpretation of chest radiographies revealed that abnormal chest rdaiographies were significantly more predominant in exposed workers than in the nonexposed group (P 0.05). There was a significantly higher occurrence of asthma among exposed workers (8.1%) compared with nonexposed workers (1.2%), with P value 0.03. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms, abnormal ventilatory function measurements and abnormal radiographies were higher among the exposed workers who were smokers and in those with duration of exposure of more than 25 years. Conclusion The occurrence of respiratory symptoms, airway diseases, ventilatory function abnormalities and abnormal rdaiographies were higher among the exposed workers, especially those who were smokers and had a duration of exposure of more than 25 years. For prevention of these hazards, general and personal measurements must be performed, for example, engineering, personal protective equipments and more medical care for workers (pre-employment and periodic medical examinations).

Introduction and study methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the pattern of respiratory disorders and some associated risk factors among 260 aluminum-exposed workers and 80 nonexposed workers. Data were collected by a respiratory symptoms questionnaire. Spirometry and chest radiography were performed on all participants. Results The aluminum-exposed workers suffered significantly more from chronic cough, phlegm, wheezes and breathlessness (34.2, 42.3, 42.3 and 36.9%, respectively) compared with nonexposed workers (P 0.05). Mean values of spirometric measurements regarding FVC%, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC and PEF25–75% as percentages of predicted were significantly lower among exposed workers (84.15 ± 15.02, 88.77 ± 17.65, 106.15 ± 14.72 and 81.34 ± 29.1, respectively) compared with nonexposed workers (P 0.05).The interpretation of chest radiographies revealed that abnormal chest rdaiographies were significantly more predominant in exposed workers than in the nonexposed group (P 0.05). There was a significantly higher occurrence of asthma among exposed workers (8.1%) compared with nonexposed workers (1.2%), with P value 0.03. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms, abnormal ventilatory function measurements and abnormal radiographies were higher among the exposed workers who were smokers and in those with duration of exposure of more than 25 years. Conclusion The occurrence of respiratory symptoms, airway diseases, ventilatory function abnormalities and abnormal rdaiographies were higher among the exposed workers, especially those who were smokers and had a duration of exposure of more than 25 years. For prevention of these hazards, general and personal measurements must be performed, for example, engineering, personal protective equipments and more medical care for workers (pre-employment and periodic medical examinations).

Introduction and study methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the pattern of respiratory disorders and some associated risk factors among 260 aluminum-exposed workers and 80 nonexposed workers. Data were collected by a respiratory symptoms questionnaire. Spirometry and chest radiography were performed on all participants. Results The aluminum-exposed workers suffered significantly more from chronic cough, phlegm, wheezes and breathlessness (34.2, 42.3, 42.3 and 36.9%, respectively) compared with nonexposed workers (P 0.05). Mean values of spirometric measurements regarding FVC%, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC and PEF25–75% as percentages of predicted were significantly lower among exposed workers (84.15 ± 15.02, 88.77 ± 17.65, 106.15 ± 14.72 and 81.34 ± 29.1, respectively) compared with nonexposed workers (P 0.05).The interpretation of chest radiographies revealed that abnormal chest rdaiographies were significantly more predominant in exposed workers than in the nonexposed group (P 0.05). There was a significantly higher occurrence of asthma among exposed workers (8.1%) compared with nonexposed workers (1.2%), with P value 0.03. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms, abnormal ventilatory function measurements and abnormal radiographies were higher among the exposed workers who were smokers and in those with duration of exposure of more than 25 years. Conclusion The occurrence of respiratory symptoms, airway diseases, ventilatory function abnormalities and abnormal rdaiographies were higher among the exposed workers, especially those who were smokers and had a duration of exposure of more than 25 years. For prevention of these hazards, general and personal measurements must be performed, for example, engineering, personal protective equipments and more medical care for workers (pre-employment and periodic medical examinations).

Background Aluminum is one of the prevalent alloys on the earth. With the revolution industry, aluminum was very important in all aspects of life from cooking to war weapons. The aim of this work is to study the prevalence of respiratory hazards and changes in pulmonary function among aluminum industry workers. Materials and methods This is a case series study which was conducted in an aluminum factory in Nag Hammadi and included 320 workers, who were subdivided into 2 groups according to the duration of daily exposure to aluminum gases and exhausts. Group 1: it included 260 exposed workers, who were randomly selected from potrooms and cast house sectors, and exposed to hazardous effects of primary aluminum industry 8 h continuously per day. Group 2: it included 60 interrupted or partially exposed workers, who were randomly selected from the factory maintenance, potroom maintenance, cast house maintenance workers, as well as the general maintenance workers; and exposed to less than 8 h interrupted per day on average 2–3 h. Data were collected using modified British Medical Research Council (BMRC) questionnaire, and pulmonary function tests, chest X-ray, and laboratory studies were done. Results Group 1 workers had more chronic and acute work related respiratory symptoms. There was a significantly higher occurrence of asthma among exposed workers with p value 0.004 while no significant difference for the occurrence of COPD in both groups, also CRP significantly more frequently occurred in exposed workers with p value 0.001. There was a significant negative correlation between FVC%, FEV1% and PEF25–75% and duration of exposure in years among exposed workers. Interpretation of chest X-ray denoted that reticular, nodular and reticulo-nodular patterns significantly more frequently occurred in exposed group (p value 0.01) also diaphragmatic abnormalities were more in exposed ones (p value 0.04). Solitary pulmonary nodules could be detected in three cases. Conclusions Aluminum industry is hazardous to both the workers and the community. The pulmonary hazards are significantly higher in workers who are continuously exposed to gases and pollutants for more than 8 h/day. Moreover the free radicals of silica and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may have a direct relationship with the recorded changes in diaphragmatic and pulmonary functions and may be precancerous.

Background Aluminum is one of the prevalent alloys on the earth. With the revolution industry, aluminum was very important in all aspects of life from cooking to war weapons. The aim of this work is to study the prevalence of respiratory hazards and changes in pulmonary function among aluminum industry workers. Materials and methods This is a case series study which was conducted in an aluminum factory in Nag Hammadi and included 320 workers, who were subdivided into 2 groups according to the duration of daily exposure to aluminum gases and exhausts. Group 1: it included 260 exposed workers, who were randomly selected from potrooms and cast house sectors, and exposed to hazardous effects of primary aluminum industry 8 h continuously per day. Group 2: it included 60 interrupted or partially exposed workers, who were randomly selected from the factory maintenance, potroom maintenance, cast house maintenance workers, as well as the general maintenance workers; and exposed to less than 8 h interrupted per day on average 2–3 h. Data were collected using modified British Medical Research Council (BMRC) questionnaire, and pulmonary function tests, chest X-ray, and laboratory studies were done. Results Group 1 workers had more chronic and acute work related respiratory symptoms. There was a significantly higher occurrence of asthma among exposed workers with p value 0.004 while no significant difference for the occurrence of COPD in both groups, also CRP significantly more frequently occurred in exposed workers with p value 0.001. There was a significant negative correlation between FVC%, FEV1% and PEF25–75% and duration of exposure in years among exposed workers. Interpretation of chest X-ray denoted that reticular, nodular and reticulo-nodular patterns significantly more frequently occurred in exposed group (p value 0.01) also diaphragmatic abnormalities were more in exposed ones (p value 0.04). Solitary pulmonary nodules could be detected in three cases. Conclusions Aluminum industry is hazardous to both the workers and the community. The pulmonary hazards are significantly higher in workers who are continuously exposed to gases and pollutants for more than 8 h/day. Moreover the free radicals of silica and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may have a direct relationship with the recorded changes in diaphragmatic and pulmonary functions and may be precancerous.