Abstract
Background Bovine babesiosis is a hemoprotozoal disease that poses a serious danger to cattle productivity in
tropical and subtropical areas. The goal of the current study is to update the data regarding Babesia spp. prevalence.
Assessing the risk variables linked to the illness in crossbred cattle from January to December 2025 in Assiut, Egypt.
Methods A total of 200 blood samples were obtained from crossbred cattle, including 84 apparently healthy and 116
showing clinical signs suggestive of babesiosis. Giemsa-stained blood smears were inspected microscopically, and
molecular analysis that targeted the Babesia 18 S rRNA gene verified the results.
Results The overall prevalence of Babesia spp. infection detected microscopically was 6% (12/200). The percentage
of animals with symptoms was 8.6% higher than in apparently healthy ones. Epidemiological analysis showed higher
infection rates in males (8.33%) compared to females (4.3%), and in cattle younger than one year (8.75%). There was
a discernible seasonal variation in infestation rates, which peaked at 7.7% during the hot season and dropped to
4.2% over the cold season, even though age, sex, and season were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). A significant
association was found between Babesia infection and hard tick infestation (OR = 21.64; 95% CI: 2.35–199.12; P = 0.001)
suggesting that ticks play a critical role in the spread of disease. The presence of B. bovis and B. bigemina in crossbred
cattle in Assiut Province was confirmed by molecular confirmation of a few heavily infected samples using PCR
targeting the Babesia 18 S rRNA gene.
Conclusions For the first time, this work uses combination microscopy and PCR to confirm the existence of two
Babesia species (B. bovis and B. bigemina) in Assiut province, upper Egypt. The data indicate that the parasite is actively
circulating, emphasizing the significance of good tick management and increased diagnostic surveillance in order to
prevent economic losses and maintain animal health.
Keywords Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Cattle, Egypt, PCR, Ticks

Camel whey protein (CWP) is rich in potent antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds, while the iron-based metal–organic framework (MOF)-235 offers high biocompatibility for drug delivery. This study synthesised and characterised CWP/MOF-235 nano-conjugates to enhance CWP stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy. GC–MS analysis confirmed the presence of hepatoprotective and antimicrobial fatty acids in CWP, including oleic acid, palmitic acid methyl ester, and cis-vaccenic acid. Antimicrobial assays revealed that CWP/MOF-235 exhibited greater activity against Candida albicans than CWP or MOF-235, achieving a maximum inhibition zone of 36.3 mm. Using earthworm (Aporrectodea caliginosa), cobalt chloride-induced chloragogen cell toxicity was effectively ameliorated by CWP/MOF-235, restoring normal intestinal histoarchitecture and reducing cellular necrosis as confirmed by light …

Wandering spleen is a rare condition characterized by malposition of spleen due to laxity or absence of supporting ligaments. Gaucher disease is high risk factor for torsion and trauma of migrant spleen.

Six-year's old male patient presented to our institution for emergency treatment with acute abdomen, hemodynamic instability with palpable tender mass in the abdomen, the diagnosis was settled as twisted WS and splenectomy was done.

clinical diagnosis of wandering spleen torsion is rare particularly in the pediatric age-group makes it an enigma for the surgical world.

Background:

Quality of life (QoL) in multiple sclerosis (MS) is multifactorial, reflecting the combined effects of physical disability, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms. While physical disability is a key determinant, the independent contributions of cognition and depression to QoL remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to assess the frequency of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in MS and examine their independent impact on QoL beyond physical disability.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 242 patients with clinically definite MS who were evaluated using standardized clinical and neuropsychological measures. Physical disability was assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), motor function by the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and 25-Foot Walk Test (25-FWT), cognition by the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), depression by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and QoL by the MS Impact Scale (MSIS-29). Hierarchical multiple regression was performed to identify independent predictors of total QoL. In this study, cognitive impairment was defined as performance ≥1.5 standard deviations below normative means on at least one cognitive test, and depressive symptoms as HAM-D ≥ 8.

Results:

Cognitive impairment was present in 47.9% and depressive symptoms in 61.3% of the cohort. EDSS showed the strongest correlation with MSIS-29 total score (r = 0.698, p < 0.001), followed by HAM-D (r = 0.438, p < 0.001) and BVMT-R (r = −0.340, p < 0.001). In regression analysis, physical disability (β = 0.65, p < 0.001), depression (β = 0.23, p < 0.001), and processing speed (β = −0.12, p = 0.009) were independent predictors of QoL, explaining 64% of its variance.

Conclusion:

Although physical disability remains the dominant determinant of QoL in MS, depressive symptoms and cognitive slowing contribute independent and clinically meaningful effects. Routine screening and early intervention for mood and cognitive disturbances are essential to improve overall well-being in patients with MS.