Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common multifactorial chronic inflammatory skin disease which is often associated with metabolic and hormonal factors. Our aim was to detect the level of serum apelin-12 in acne cases and to assess its correlation with body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance (IR) and acne severity. Ninety individuals were included in this case-control study, comprising 60 acne patients and 30 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Clinical evaluation included BMI, waist circumference, and evaluation of the severity of acne by using the Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS). Laboratory tests included serum apelin-12, serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, and complete lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). IR was assessed by using Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR).
Background The cross-bridge free flap technique has been described for salvage of cases of traumatic lower limb defects when adequate recipient vessels in the same limb are lacking. While previous accounts mainly focused on utilizing muscle, myocutaneous, or perforator skin flaps, this study presents a series of cross-bridge free vascularized fibular transfer for reconstruction of traumatic tibial defects with extensive soft tissue loss.
Methods The study included 22 cases with an average age at surgery of 24 ± 8 years and an average tibial bone defect of 14.2 ± 3.3 cm. In this technique, the fibula was inset into the tibial defect and vascularization was performed using the posterior tibial artery of the contralateral leg through a radial forearm flap. The two legs were coimmobilized using Hoffmann external fixator and subsequently separated after 6 weeks.
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