The current study describes the synthesis of heterocycles incorporating 2-pyrazoline and 1,3-thiazol-4-one moieties. The cycloaddition of thiosemicarbazide with diverse chalcones afforded N-thiocarbamoyl pyrazolines, which then reacted with chloroacetic acid to yield 2-pyrazolinyl-1,3-thiazol-4(5H)-ones. The active methylene group at position 5 of the synthesized thiazolones increases its reactivity with aromatic aldehydes, forming the arylidene derivatives. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined through spectral and elemental analyses. Additionally, the compounds were assessed for the antibacterial effectiveness against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as against specific species of fungi.

A one-pot multicomponent synthesis and application of new imidazopyridazine based N-phenylbenzamides is described. An atom-economical method involving dimethyl phthalate, substituted anilines, and pyridazine-4,5-diamine provided the desired compounds in 120–150 min with 80–85% yield. The reaction was catalyzed with phosphoric acid, and glycerol was used as a safer, greener solvent. Anticancer evaluation against selected cancer cell lines revealed that compound 4e was the most active from the series and exhibited IC₅₀ values below 9.1 µM. Compounds 4h and 4d also displayed good and comparable IC₅₀ values (10.2–12.1 µM). Molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies showed that compound 4e exhibit good binding affinity and stable complex formation with ABL1-kinase protein, respectively. Additional computational predictions such as ADME and drug-likeness demonstrated the potential of the new benzamides as leads for further development.

An efficient atom-economical synthetic protocol to access new imidazole-based
N-phenylbenzamide derivatives is described. A one-pot three-component reaction was
utilized to provide a series of N-phenylbenzamide derivatives in a short reaction time (2–4 h)
with an 80–85% yield. The cytotoxic evaluation revealed that derivatives 4e and 4f
exhibited good activity, with IC50 values between 7.5 and 11.1 μM against the tested
cancer cell lines. Computational studies revealed interesting insights: the docking of the
active derivatives (4e and 4f) showed a higher affinity toward the target receptor protein
than the control. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that the active derivatives form
stable complexes with the ABL1 kinase protein. Moreover, the ADME and drug-likeness of
the derivatives reinforced the potential of the derivatives to be taken up for further
development as anticancer agents.

An efficient and catalyst-free multicomponent sequence for synthesizing fused new polyheterocyclic pyrene-grafted dispiro-pyrrolidine oxindolines through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction mediated by non-stabilized azomethine ylides is reported herein. The regio- and stereochemistry of the cycloadducts were determined on the basis of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) homonuclear and het- eronuclear correlation NMR spectroscopy. The mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction, as well as regios- electivity were discussed by evaluating global and local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity descriptors at B3LYP/6-31G level of theory. The findings suggested that the polarity and charge transfer flow be- tween azomethine ylides (dipole) and 5-chloro-3-(2-oxo-2-(pyren-1-yl)ethylidene)indolin-2-ones (dipo- larophiles) was consistent with the global reactivity descriptors and substitutional pattern. These out- comes based on local descriptors Parr functions proposed by Domingo were found to be quite promising indices for the study of organic reactivity and to explain the regioselectivity of cycloaddition processes.

This study investigates radon concentration and radon exhalation rates in granite rock samples from the Eastern Desert of Egypt, utilizing the Alpha GUARD measurement system. We assessed radon levels in terms of both area (Bq/m²) and mass (Bq/kg), providing a comprehensive analysis of radon emissions from these geological materials. Additionally, we calculated the annual effective doses associated with radon exposure, highlighting the potential health risks for populations in proximity to granite formations. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of radon behavior in granite rocks and underscore the importance of continuous monitoring, especially in radon-prone regions. The results of the study have revealed that the values obtained for the studied samples are higher than the internationally accepted recommended values. Finally, it can be concluded, from the obtained results that causes high risk to humans and cannot used as a safe source in manufacturing the building materials.

In this study, gamma-rays, neutrons, electrons, and charge particles interaction properties with {75[70TeO₂ - 30PbO] [(25-x) ZnO- xLi₂O]} where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, and 25 mol% glass systems were investigated. Tellurite glass composites were fabricated using melt-quenching method with densities varied from 6.0909 to 5.7834 g/cm³. The gamma attenuation capability was investigated experimentally using ¹³⁷Cs and ⁶⁰Co sources with NaI(Tl). The gamma shielding parameters were theoretically evaluated across a wide range of energy (0.015 – 15 MeV) with Phy-X/PSD and Py-MLBUF software. Fast neutron/macroscopic removal cross-section FNRCS/MRCS values for fast neutrons were calculated with the software Phy-X/PSD, MRCS, and NGcal software. The range (R) values of selected ions were estimated using the SRIM Monte Carlo code over a wide range (0.01 – 20 MeV). Additionally, continuous slowing …

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) represent a rapidly advancing group of metal-free organic photocatalysts, offering a sustainable route for hydrogen (H₂) generation through photocatalytic water splitting. Their intrinsic permanent porosity, combined with extended π-conjugation and large surface areas, enables superior light harvesting, efficient exciton dissociation, and accelerated molecular diffusion—key attributes for effective photocatalytic systems. In this study, two newly developed CMPs—Py–Thio–Tri CMP and Py–Thio–PyD CMP—were synthesized and subjected to rigorous physicochemical characterization to investigate their photocatalytic performance. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements were employed to determine their porosity. The chemical structures and functional group integrity were validated via Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Photocatalytic evaluations demonstrate that Py–Thio–Tri CMP exhibits markedly superior hydrogen evolution activity compared to Py–Thio–PyD CMP. Specifically, Py–Thio–Tri CMP achieves an initial hydrogen generation rate (HGR) of 1100 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹ within the first hour of irradiation, substantially surpassing the 182 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹ recorded for Py–Thio–PyD CMP under similar circumstances. Upon incorporation of 3 wt % cobalt (Co) as a cocatalyst, the HGRs further increased to 1242 and 249 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹ for Py–Thio–Tri CMP and Py–Thio–PyD CMP, respectively. Additionally, transient photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements corroborate Py–Thio–Tri CMP enhanced photogenerated carrier mobility and suppressed charge recombination dynamics.