The aim of this work is to demonstrate the cytoarchitecture of motor cortex and study the effect of ischemia /reperfusion on their structure. In addition, the possible role of Resveratrol in ameliorating these changes has been investigated.

48 adult albino rats were utilized in this study. They were split up into four equal groups: Animals in control group I were not given any medication. Group II (Sham operated). Group III: Three days following cerebral ischemia reperfusion, the rats were put to sleep, had their common carotid arteries clamped for an hour, and were subsequently slaughtered. Group IV: Following the identical surgical technique as group III, the rats are administered resveratrol via stomach tube at a dosage of 25 mg/kg daily for three days following reperfusion. Animals in each group were prepared for immunological histochemical analysis using caspase 3, haematoxylin and eosin, and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the number of neurons per fixed area in the fifth layer of the motor cortex was computed and statistically examined. Group III's findings demonstrated that cortex's pyramidal cells displayed noticeable degenerative alterations. The majority of the neurons in group IV resemble those in control. This suggests that resveratrol's anti-apoptotic and antioxidant qualities may have contributed to its ameliorative impact against ischemia.

Key words: motor, ischemia reperfusion, Resveratrol.

Purpose:

The purpose of the study was to describe macular vascular changes in patients with Behcet's disease (BD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to compare these findings with those of fluorescein angiography (FA).

Patients and Methods:

This was a comparative, cross-sectional study. Patients with BD presenting with active uveitis were evaluated using FA and swept-source OCTA. 3 mm× 3 mm and 6 mm× 6 mm en-face images were reviewed and analyzed. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas and vessel densities were also reported.

Results:

Twenty-five patients (39 eyes) were included. OCTA was superior to FA in showing macular microvascular changes which include areas of retinal capillary hypoperfusion, perifoveal capillary plexuses disruption and capillary abnormalities (including rarefied, dilated, or shunting vessels) were observed more frequently using OCTA than FA …

Gastric ulceration is a common gastrointestinal ailment with serious consequences that can lead to serious illness or even death. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of tadalafil (TAD) and dexlansoprazole (DLP) in treating stomach ulcers caused by dexamethasone (DEX) in male albino Wister rats. Thirty male albino Wister rats were divided into 5 groups (6 rats each): control group received normal saline, positive control group received DEX 5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal (i.p.) for 7 days, the third group received DLP 30 mg/kg/day orally after DEX, the fourth group received TAD 5 mg/kg/day orally after DEX, and the fifth group received DLP and TAD orally after DEX. Persistence and prevention of ulcers, pepsin activity, mucin content, and histopathological changes were evaluated after each trial. Reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in gastric homogenates. Serum levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were also measured.  Treatment with either TAD or DLP alone significantly reduced ulcer index (U.I.), pepsin activity, TNF-α, IL-10 and MDA with significant rise in mucin content, PGE2, NO, GSH, and improved the histological alteration compared to DEX group. When TAD and DLP were administered together, there was a more notable decrease in U.I., pepsin activity, gastric MDA, TNF-α, and IL-10 with concomitant more significant increase in mucin content, NO content, and PGE2 production compared to the TAD or DLP groups alone. Compared to each medicine alone, TAD and DLP together have promising therapeutic potential in preventing stomach ulcers caused by DEX.