Objective:

The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of right-and left-sided live donor nephrectomies using the inverted kidney transplantation technique for right live donor nephrectomy on transplantation.

Material and methods:

A retrospective review was done for the cases of live donor nephrectomy, either as open donor nephrectomy or laparoscopic donor nephrectomy between 2004 and 2019. Inverted kidney transplantation was used with right-sided grafts. The variables of the right-and left-sided live donor nephrectomies were compared.

Results:

There were 202 live donor nephrectomies including 71 (35.1%) open donor nephrectomies and 131 (64.9%) laparoscopic donor nephrectomies with 4 cases of conversion to open donor nephrectomy. There were 119 (58.9%) right-sided and 83 (41.1%) left-sided live donor nephrectomies with insignificantly different mean operative time (123 and 127 minutes; P …

Although the availability of related living donors (LDs) provides a better chance for receiving kidney transplantation (KT), the evaluation protocols for LD selection remain a safeguard for the LD’s safety. These protocols are variable from one center to another, resulting in variable rates of decline of the potential LDs (PLDs). The decline of willing PLDs may occur at any stage of evaluation, starting from the initial contact and counseling to the day of operation.

AIM

To identify the causes of the decline of PLDs, the predictors of PLD candidacy, and the effect on achieving LDKT.

METHODS

A retrospective study was performed on the willing PLDs who attended our outpatient clinic for kidney donation to their related potential recipients between October 2015 and December 2022. The variables influencing their candidacy rate and the fate of their potential recipients were studied. 

Background: Beta- lactam resistant Escherichia coli is a major cause of both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. It is essential to detect the beta lactam resistance for proper antibiotic therapy and to limit the spread the infection. Objectives: The study was designed to review the rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), metallo beta lactamases (MBL) beta lactamase and AmpC production among E.coli isolates and to assess the best phenotypic method for detection of the resistance. Methodology: This study included 200 isolates obtained from patients admitted to different departments in Assiut university hospital .Screening and phenotypic confirmatory tests for resistance were done. Results: The Percentages of B –Lactamase enzymes in 5o isolates of E.coli were 6 (12%) isolates not resistant by screening with antibiotic sensitivity tests, 3 (6%) isolates were negative by the gold standard phenotypic tests, 12 (24%) were ESBL alone, 2 (4%) were ESBL and AmpC, 10 (20%) were AmpC alone, 8 (16%) were ESBL and Carbapenemases and 9 (18%) were carbapenemases alone. The combined disk test showed high sensitivity and specificity in detection of ESBL and MB, For AmpC detection; the disk approximation test showed higher sensitivity and specificity than boronic acid in detection of AmpC. Conclusion: The rate of Beta lactamases production in E.coli is seriously increased, the ESBL showed the highest percentage among E.coli isolates. The phenotypic confirmatory tests showed high sensitivity and specificity and proved to be reliable methods for detection of the beta lactamase resistance, genotypic tests are recommended to be a gold standard tests to increase the specificity of the phenotypic tests.

ABSTRACT
This research paper presents the epidemiological data and clinical manifestations of blood parasitic infections in cattle. A total of 130 blood samples were collected from animals exhibiting clinical signs suggestive of blood parasitic infection. Microscopic examination of blood smears revealed an overall infection rate of 46.2% among the examined cattle. Theileria sp. infections were found to be the most prevalent, with an overall prevalence of 40%. Babesia sp. infections had a lower overall prevalence of 6.2%, Microscopic examination also highlighted the intracellular localization of Theileria and Babesia parasites within red blood cells. The infected red blood cells exhibited morphological changes, appearing enlarged and distorted compared to unaffected cells. The study analyzed the risk factors for Theileria sp. and Babesia sp. infections in cattle, specifically focusing on age and gender. The prevalence of Theileria sp. infection was highest in cattle less than one year, with no significant difference observed among different age groups or genders. Similarly, there was no significant difference in Babesia sp. infection rates based on age or gender. These results provide valuable insights into the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of blood parasitic infections in cattle. The findings can contribute to the development of effective control and prevention strategies, highlighting the importance of regular surveillance and management practices in mitigating the impact of these infections on cattle health and productivity.
Keywords: Microscopic examination, Blood smears, Theileria sp., Babesia sp., Risk factors

Among the secondary causes of pediatric hypertension, endocrine causes account for a relatively small proportion of all children with hypertension. An accurate diagnosis of endocrine hypertension offers clinicians the chance to achieve an optimal treatment with either specific pharmacologic treatment or surgery. Excess catecholamine, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, thyroid dysfunction, growth hormone deficiency, diabetes mellitus, and obesity-associated hypertension are the major endocrine disorders leading to pediatric hypertension.

Graves’ disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children. A common GD symptom is a goiter. The usual biochemical profile in children with GD is a decreased thyroid hormone stimulating hormone (TSH) level and high free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations. The presence of thyroid receptor antibodies (TRAb) is the most important specific immunological sign for diagnosing GD. The treatment choices for pediatric GD are anti-thyroid drugs (ATDs), radioiodine, and thyroidectomy, but the risks and benefits of each modality are different. Management recommendations include the first-line use of a prolonged course of ATDs for at least 3 years and potentially 5 years or more. Rituximab and Teprotumumab are new novel alternative medications for the treatment of adult patients with GD and Graves’ orbitopathy respectively, but evidence of the efficacy and safety of …