Aim: Describe the parameters of corneal endothelial cell of normal Egyptians and to determine its correlation with sex, age, and refractive eye state. Methods: Non-contact specular microscopy was performed in 390 eyes of healthy Egyptian. Age, sex, refractive state, Endothelial cell density (ECD), the standard deviation of hexagonal cells HEX, coefficient of variation (CV) were analyzed. The system recorded the mean cell density MCD (cell/mm2), mean cell area MCA (μm2), central corneal thickness CCT, and HEX percentage. Results: The population's mean age was 48.90±15.77. There were 158 (40.5%) males and 232 (59.5%) females. The MCD was 2762.27±327.72. The mean CV in the cell size was 30.91±5.50, and the HEX percentage was 65.62±6.39. The mean CCT was 542.48±37.57. The ECD decreased from 2822.32 in the 20-30-year age group to 2475.64 in the 71–80-year age group, with no substantial correlation between ECD and age. There were no substantial differences in HEX percentage, CV, and ECD between females and males. However, there was a statistical difference in CCT between females and males, with a P-value of 0.007. There was a marked difference in ECD between emmetropes, hypermetropic, and myopes, with a P-value of 0.001. Moreover, there was a substantial difference in CCT between emmetropes, hypermetropic, and myopes. Nonetheless, there were no statistically significant differences in HEX percentage and CV among emmetropes, hypermetropic, and myopes. Conclusion: Our study provides normative data for the corneal endothelium in healthy Egyptian eyes, adding to the expanding body of information about CEC parameters in healthy Egyptian eyes.

In this study, prepared acetylated bovine whey (ABW) was tested as a highly efficient hepatoprotective agent like that of the old drug N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) against the induction of iron overloading (IO) in a rat model. The probably prophylacting antioxdative characteristic features that were prominently executed on tissue content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidative ferritin, and proinflammatory IL-6 via the enhanced tissue protecting Nf-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. The reduction in macrophagic M2 CD163 and Kupffer M1 CD68 as well as apoptotic caspase 3 distribution denoted the efficacy of the targeting cellular prophylacting activity. In addition, the reduced abnormalities in the hepatocellular nuclei, cytoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial degeneration as well as granular glycoproteins, and secondary lysosomal appearance promoted the more preferable usage of the natural product whey supplement than the risky NAC in IO cases.

Objective

To assess the efficacy and safety of alternative magnesium sulfate regimens used as single tocolytic therapy for preventing preterm labor in patients with symptomatic placenta previa and subsequent changes in cervical length.

Methods

The study was a randomized clinical trial conducted from December 2020 to August 2022 at Assiut Women's Health Hospital, Egypt, including pregnant women from 28 to 37 weeks of gestation with a singleton fetus in PTL and symptomatic placenta previa. The eligible women were randomized to either (group 1 or 2). The primary outcome was evaluating the efficacy of two different regimens of magnesium sulfate in postponing delivery in patients with P.P. in PTL for 48 hours and changes in cervical length.

Results

Clinical and pregnancy prolongation data showed no significant difference between the two therapy regimens. The high-dose group had a considerably longer cervical length (cm) at 48 hours (p<0.001). The low-dose group had a lower 4-hour magnesium serum level (3.98±0.60 vs. 4.80±0.91; p<0.001). Furthermore, when comparing subgroups based on obesity, our analysis revealed a significant increase in non-obese women delivering after 48 hours in high and low groups. Cervical length after 48 hours (cm) was also increased in the non-obese high-dose group (p<0.030). Non-obese pregnancies treated with high-maintenance tocolysis achieve a therapeutic level of magnesium than obese patients(36.1% vs.6.9%, p=0.007).

Conclusions

A high magnesium sulfate regimen in symptomatic preterm P,P in non-obese women may be related to potential clinical prolongation of pregnancy, an …

Abstract

BACKGROUND 

Melasma is a common acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation which is difficult to treat.

OBJECTIVE 

We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined microneedling with trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of melasma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS 

Forty women with facial melasma were included and randomly classified into 2 groups. Group A included 20 patients treated with bimonthly session of trichloroacetic acid 25% peeling (8 sessions) combined with a monthly session of microneedling (4 sessions). Group B included the other 20 patients that were treated by bimonthly trichloroacetic acid 25% peeling session (8 sessions) alone.

RESULTS 

After 1 and 3 months of treatment, the mean melasma area and severity index, modified melasma area and severity index, and melasma severity index scores showed significant improvement in each group (p < .05 for each). At 1 and 3 months, the mean percentages of change of all scores were significantly higher in group A than group B (p < .05).

CONCLUSION 

Combined trichloroacetic acid peel with microneedling is effective and a safe option for treating melasma.