The effect of chitosan and D,L β aminobutyric acid (BABA) at rates of 10, 20 and 40 ppm on the flowering, and chemical characteristics of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L. cv. Bode-gold) was studied. Chitosan treatments with different concentrations significantly increased flower number per plant, flower head fresh weight, flower head dry weight, and yield of dry flowers per fed in comparison with all other treatments including the control (untreated plants). Plants treated with BABA had bigger flower head diameter compared to the other treatments including the control. The highest concentration of BABA (40 ppm) gave the highest volatile oil content in flowers (2.27 and 2.23 % during both seasons) with increasing rates of 32.59 and 29.59 % over that of the control during both seasons, respectively. Chitosan at 40 ppm followed by BABA at 40 ppm exhibited a significant increase in oil yield per fed comparing to the control with no significant differences between both of them ppm during both seasons. The highest percentage of chamazulene as the main active component was recorded in the volatile oil extracted from chamomile plants treated with BABA at 20 ppm. This investigation suggests further studies on using the foliar application of chitosan at a rate of 40 ppm to increase the quality of chamomile flower parameters and BABA at a rate of 40 ppm to improve the percentage and yield of volatile oil.

Increasing seed and oil yields production of oil crops in reclaimed soils is
an important goal of vision Egypt 2030. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted
in newly reclaimed sandy soil in Farafra, New valley Governorate, Egypt
during the two summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 to examine the impact of Zn
nano-fertilizer foliar spray on peanut production. The field experiment was laid
out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using a strip plot arrangement
with three replications. Zinc oxide nanoparticles concentrations (0 as control,
200, 400 and 600 ppm) were allotted horizontally while, the cultivars NC9,
Gregory and Ismailia were a signed vertically. Highly significant differences
were observed among zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) concentrations for
most studied traits in both seasons. Furthermore, peanut cultivars had a significant
effect on most studied traits in both seasons. All peanut cultivars showed
remarkable positive responses to the spray of zinc nanoparticles. In most cases,
an enhancement was observed in most studied traits by increasing the concentration
from 200 ppm to 600 ppm. Also, NC9 cultivar gave the highest seed yield
(kg/fed) in both seasons, while there were non-significant differences among
peanut cultivars for oil yield (kg/fed) but as an average over both seasons, NC9
gave the highest oil yield (kg/fed). Therefore, the findings of this study suggest
that NC9 cultivar with spraying by zinc nanoparticles might be a good choice for
planting and production under newly reclaimed soils in the Farafra region with
other important recommended agronomical practices for such region.

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