1. ABSTRACT Control of estrus is essential for the efficiency of any breeding program in farm animals, artificial insemination, hand mating and prediction of parturition dates. The present study is providing new evidence about determination of silent estrus in Damascus does. Since many D. does do not show any interest toward the male across seasons compared with spontaneous estrus detected by buck goat (BG). Results revealed that estrus detected by BG has significantly higher in autumn (78 of 86) than spring (3 of 11), while estrus detected by frequent vaginal inspection (FVI) was higher in spring (8 of 11) than autumn (8 of 86). Normal estrous cycles (EC) is significantly higher in D. does detected by BG than by FVI, while short and long EC are higher in D. does detected by FVI than by BG. Moreover, biochemical and hormonal analysis revealed that BG is an effective tool to measure estrus's quality especially in autumn and winter.

1. ABSTRACT Control of estrus is essential for the efficiency of any breeding program in farm animals, artificial insemination, hand mating and prediction of parturition dates. The present study is providing new evidence about determination of silent estrus in Damascus does. Since many D. does do not show any interest toward the male across seasons compared with spontaneous estrus detected by buck goat (BG). Results revealed that estrus detected by BG has significantly higher in autumn (78 of 86) than spring (3 of 11), while estrus detected by frequent vaginal inspection (FVI) was higher in spring (8 of 11) than autumn (8 of 86). Normal estrous cycles (EC) is significantly higher in D. does detected by BG than by FVI, while short and long EC are higher in D. does detected by FVI than by BG. Moreover, biochemical and hormonal analysis revealed that BG is an effective tool to measure estrus's quality especially in autumn and winter.

1. ABSTRACT Control of estrus is essential for the efficiency of any breeding program in farm animals, artificial insemination, hand mating and prediction of parturition dates. The present study is providing new evidence about determination of silent estrus in Damascus does. Since many D. does do not show any interest toward the male across seasons compared with spontaneous estrus detected by buck goat (BG). Results revealed that estrus detected by BG has significantly higher in autumn (78 of 86) than spring (3 of 11), while estrus detected by frequent vaginal inspection (FVI) was higher in spring (8 of 11) than autumn (8 of 86). Normal estrous cycles (EC) is significantly higher in D. does detected by BG than by FVI, while short and long EC are higher in D. does detected by FVI than by BG. Moreover, biochemical and hormonal analysis revealed that BG is an effective tool to measure estrus's quality especially in autumn and winter.

The main objectives of this study are to know: (a) spatial differences in the Egyptian agricultural television programmes, and (b) analyzing these programmes using SWOT analysis. In order to achieve the first objective, all agricultural television programmes addressed through the basic and different local channels during the year 2012 were determined. In order to achieve the second objective, a survey was carried out on a group of 51 academic and professional experts in agricultural extension and information. Results showed that only five agricultural television programmes were addressed through the basic and local channels. Results also showed that the frequency and the period of time of these programmes were limited. Spatial differences among different regions were found. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were determined. The study concluded that further research is needed to evaluate priorities of these SWOT factors in order to put a better strategic plan for the television agricultural programmes in the Egyptian television.