The study found that the use of BAL and DMPS as chelating agents after long-term of mercuric exposure resulted in considerable recovery in the histopathological, hematological. and biochemical alteration that induced by mercury. However, DMPS has a relative better effect due to its water solubility, less toxicity and its ability to chelate with more metal ions.

The study found that the use of BAL and DMPS as chelating agents after long-term of mercuric exposure resulted in considerable recovery in the histopathological, hematological. and biochemical alteration that induced by mercury. However, DMPS has a relative better effect due to its water solubility, less toxicity and its ability to chelate with more metal ions.

The study aimed to test the effect of cumulative dose of BHT and Nigella sativa oil on the liver and kidney of rats. Rats were orally exposed to BHT (500mg/kg), oil (0.5 ml/rat), and a combination of the obvois doses for two weeks. The results indicate that the oral toxicity of BHT or Nigella staiva oil in rats is of lower order, but this toxicity was increased when the rats treated with the comination of BHT and Nigella sativa oil.

Gluathione is an important free radical scavenger and a decline in its tissue level is indicative of increased oxidative stress in diabetes. In this study treatment of rats with STZ induced-IDDM and hepatotoxicity as seen by elevation of plasma AST,ALT &GGT. Also, diabetic rats had a loss in the body weight and increased in liver weight. GSH and GR activity were significantly dcreased while GST and GGT ase activity increased in rats treated with STZ. Moreover, diabetic rats showed increase in the rate of bile flow, while biliary efflux of GSH was decreased. Biliary excretion of lysosomal glycosidases activities with 4-methylumbelliferyl were significantly increased in diabetic rats than normal.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles are formed by chemical precipitation and subsequent drying and calcinations at temperatures ≥523 K. Samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction and BET surface area measurements indicating the formation of a single NiO phase whose crystallite size increases with increasing calcination temperature. The electrical properties are examined by measuring DC and AC conductivities and dielectric properties as functions of temperature. Electrical conductivities first slightly increases with increasing particle size up to 7–10 nm and are about 8 orders of magnitude higher than that of NiO single crystals. Further increasing the particle size above 10 nm, leads to a monotonic decrease of conductivity. The data are discussed in view of variations of grain boundary as well as triple junction volume fractions as the particle size varies. At temperatures above θD/2 (θD is the Debye temperature), the conductivity is ascribed to a band-like conduction due to the large polaron. The activation energy of conduction was found to be minimal for the highly conducting samples of 7–10 nm, and gradually increases to ~0.5 eV with increasing the particle size above 10 nm. For T < θD/2, the conductivity is best described by variable–range–hopping models. Model parameters are thus estimated and presented as functions of particle size. Frequency as well as temperature dependencies of the AC conductivity and dielectric constant exhibit trends usually observed in carrier dominated dielectrics.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles are formed by chemical precipitation and subsequent drying and calcinations at temperatures ≥523 K. Samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction and BET surface area measurements indicating the formation of a single NiO phase whose crystallite size increases with increasing calcination temperature. The electrical properties are examined by measuring DC and AC conductivities and dielectric properties as functions of temperature. Electrical conductivities first slightly increases with increasing particle size up to 7–10 nm and are about 8 orders of magnitude higher than that of NiO single crystals. Further increasing the particle size above 10 nm, leads to a monotonic decrease of conductivity. The data are discussed in view of variations of grain boundary as well as triple junction volume fractions as the particle size varies. At temperatures above θD/2 (θD is the Debye temperature), the conductivity is ascribed to a band-like conduction due to the large polaron. The activation energy of conduction was found to be minimal for the highly conducting samples of 7–10 nm, and gradually increases to ~0.5 eV with increasing the particle size above 10 nm. For T < θD/2, the conductivity is best described by variable–range–hopping models. Model parameters are thus estimated and presented as functions of particle size. Frequency as well as temperature dependencies of the AC conductivity and dielectric constant exhibit trends usually observed in carrier dominated dielectrics.

Effect of acute exposure of male rats to estradiol valerate once a week for 3 weeks on the activity of phase I, phase II and lysosomal glycosidases has been studied. Treatment caused a significant reduction in both body and liver weight, however, the liver/body weight ratio was not changed. Phase I monooxygenases enzymes activities showed a significant decrease in the hydroxylation of benzo (a) pyrene, demethylation of methoxycoumarin, and deethylation of ethoxyresorufin. Phase II showed a significant increase in the glucuronidation of phenolphthalein, and a decrease in the glucuronidation of 4-methylumbellierone and p-nitrophenol.Also, estradiol treatment caused a significant elevation in the hepatic glycosidases activity.

Animal kingdom posseses numerous species that produce toxins. snakes and scorpion posseses the most diverse animal toxins in the animal kingdom. BPPs are pyroglutamyl proline rich in oligopolypeptides. BPP isolated from Bothrops jararaca venom were described in the middle of 1960 as a first natural inhibitors of the ACE. Among the 18 natural peptides whose sizes vary between 5 and 14 amino acids, the most potent is BPP 5a, and BPP 9a.Recently these peptides have been used as probes selective tools in the study of physiological possesses and in the development of therapeuic agents.Therefore, BPPs hold great promise in the future understanding and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of postpartum oxidative stress and the ovarian anoestrus in the dairy cows. The study concluded that excess free radical production with elevation of the cortisol hormone might play a role in the prolongation of the postpartum anoestrus in dairy cows. These may be due to exhaustion of antioxidant system in milk production, so it was advise supplementation the dam with antioxidants during the late stage of pregnancy and in postpartum period to stimulate the normal ovarian activity and cyclicity.

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of postpartum oxidative stress and the ovarian anoestrus in the dairy cows. The study concluded that excess free radical production with elevation of the cortisol hormone might play a role in the prolongation of the postpartum anoestrus in dairy cows. These may be due to exhaustion of antioxidant system in milk production, so it was advise supplementation the dam with antioxidants during the late stage of pregnancy and in postpartum period to stimulate the normal ovarian activity and cyclicity.