Background: Self-efficacy is directly changeable, can predicts improvement in head nurse's performance. Aim: Determine the effect of self-efficacy educational program on head nurse's performance. Study design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at Assiut University Main Hospital. Subject: Consisted of 44 head nurses.  Tools: three tools were used to collect data: First tool; Self-administered questionnaire sheet including:-a): Personal data sheet; gathers data about: gender, age, years of experience, educational qualifications, and marital status, and b): Self – efficacy assessment scale. Second tool; Performance checklist, and third tool; Program evaluation sheet including a): Head nurse's knowledge test. b): Head nurse's opinionnier sheet.  Results: The study revealed that head nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge level about self-efficacy in preprogram assessment but satisfactory in immediately post and follow up phase of the program implementation (90.9%, and 81.8%) respectively. The highest percentages of head nurses have low self-efficacy in preprogram assessment(81.8%), but high self-efficacy in immediate post and follow up phase(86.3%, 81.8%) respectively. Conclusion: There was positive correlation between self-efficacy and total performance categories with statistical significant relation. Recommendations: Further training for physicians, nurses and nursing administrators and update faculty curriculum to include self-efficacy in the undergraduate courses.

Introduction: Patient safety necessitate the modification for behaviors of health care providers to perceive the wide range of factors of working conditions that affect patient safety and design appropriate of the physical environment to reduce hazards. Aim: Assess nurses perception of factors that affect patient’s safety culture at Assiut University Hospital. Study design: A descriptive correlational. Setting: The study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital. Subjects: the study subject consisted of 301 nursing staff working at Assiut University Hospital. The data collected through self – administered questionnaire which included characteristics of the sample data sheet and patient’s safety culture. Results: There the highest mean scores were among studied nurses in Intensive Care Units as regard to all factors of health working conditions (57.3+9.6) and the highest mean scores were among nursing technical institute as regard to all factors of health working conditions (53.8+12.9).

 Conclusions: There were relation among department, current job, and years of experience with all factors of health working conditions. Recommendations: Training programs should be conducted for nurses about how to ensure patient’s safety in the hospital.

Abstract:
Back ground: Pesticide use in most developing countries causing serious damages to the ecosystem and human health. Aim of the study: to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of farmers towards hazards of mis use of pesticides.Subject and Method: A descriptive research design was used. The study was conducted at El-Hammam Village, Abnoub District. A systematic random sample technique was used for selecting the study homes. Data collection took about 4 months. Two tools were used in this study; the first was an interview questionnaire sheet. The second tool was a Likert-type rating scale that was used to assess farmers' attitude towards pesticides. Results: It was found that 31.5 % of the study participants were aged (40- >50 years), and the majority of the studied participants (90.2%) were married. In addition, 45.5 % of the study participants were illiterate. Conclusion: More than half of the studied farmers had poor knowledge about pesticides use. The prevalence rate of poisoning cases represent less than fifth. While the most fatalities of cases were found among human. Recommendations: The programs of health education campaigns should be organized and directed for farmers to increase their awareness of pesticides usage, storage, hazards and safety use.
Key words: Farmers, Awareness, Pesticides, Health hazards, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices.

Abstract
Background:  Ostomy nurses should be able to provide nursing  care not only on physiological problems but also 
other problems related to the ostomy.  Aim of the study:  To  evaluate the effect of nursing instructions  on self-care for colostomy patients.  Hypothesis:  The application of  nursing instructions  will have a positive effect on self-  care for  colostomy  patients.  Research  design:  Quasi‑experimental  study  design  (pre–post  test)  was  used.  Subjects: Thirty adult patients from both sex  with abdominal operations treated by colostomy  .Setting: The study was carried out  at  General  Surgery  Departments  of  Assuit  University  Hospital.  Tools:  (I)  Pre-post  colostomy  knowledge questionnaire ,Tool (II):  Pre-post  observation checklist for colostomy self-care practices and  Tool (III): The Ostomy Self‐Care Index (OSCI).  Result:  A highly significant statistically difference was found regarding total knowledge, practice  and  (OSCI)  scores  of  the  studied  sample  pre  and  post(Immediate  and  one  month)  implementation  of colostomy nursing instructions (p=.001**). Conclusion: It was concluded that implementation of colostomy nursing instructions  had  statistically  significant  positive  effect  on  patient's  knowledge  and  self -care  practices.Recommendation:  The patients should be included in program provided by ostomy care team for improving self care, prevention and treatment of physical and psychological complications.
Keywords: Nursing Instructions, Self care & Colostomy Patients.

Background: Chemotherapy treatment can be a traumatic experience for adults, imagine for kids. Due to adverse effects of cancer treatment on children's mental health, chemotherapy side-effects and positive effects of infusionarium therapy on nausea, vomiting and stress. Purpose: this study was aimed to determine the effect of infusionarium on occurrence of selected physical and emotional complications among children undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental research design done on 60 children undergoing cancer chemotherapy in South Egypt Cancer Institute-Assiut University in Egypt from December 2015 to December 2016. By convenience sampling method and then allocation, they were randomly divided into two groups (30children for each group aged from 3-12 years old) as control and experimental. The data included the demographic questionnaires, all indices of nausea and vomiting were measured by two scales and stress selfassessment questionnaire. Nausea and vomiting and stress questionnaire was performed before and after chemotherapy course. Results: Approximately all indices of nausea and vomiting significantly reduced during and 2hrs post-chemotherapy by infusionarium and exhibited it is as a useful technique for control of nausea and vomiting in children. Significant difference was found between the control and experimental low stress level in the two groups during chemotherapy (p= 0.035), there were more than half of infusionarium group children have low stress level compared to 26.6% of control group children at the same level. This shows the positive and efficient …

body image and eating behavior have been major concern for adulthood especially among college students. In this study, we aimed to know body image concern among college students and assess the relationship between body image and eating behavior among university students.

Subjects and Methods:

cross-sectional study of 495 male and female students enrolled in first and fourth grade from practical and non practical faculties randomly selected completed a questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic characteristics, Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34) and Body Figure Rating Scale (BFRS).

Results:

The majority of male and female students have normal weight and average body mass index, Females choose (thin figure, very thin and below average, respectively) as a current shape which represent their body shape. While males choose shape (below average and thin figure) as current shape. Females were significantly more feeling anxious, overweight, and concerned about their body shape than males (p=0.001, 0.01 and 0.04, respectively).

Conclusions:

Based on the results of the present study, it was concluded that about more than half of participants have normal weight according BMI. The present study found that females were more concerned about their body shape more than males. Body shape concerns among females were associated with anxiousness, feeling overweight, and preoccupation with food and purging behavior.

Recommendations:

health education about body image and its effect on psychological status and eating behaviors of the students and how to deal with negative body …

Global warming is one of the most serious environmental problems of 21st century. The phenomena not only affect human health but also plants, animals, as well as economy and unfortunately some adverse consequences of it, are becoming visible these days.

Aim:

To assess knowledge and attitude regarding global warming among Assiut University Students.

Subjects and methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional research design used. This study was carried out on four randomly selected faculties two of them practical and the others two were theoretical. A convenient sample of 1300 students included. Three tools were used the socioeconomic scale, a modified Environmental Issue Questionnaire to assess students' knowledge and a modified Likert's scale to assess students’ attitude regarding global warming.

Results:

The study found that nearly two-thirds of the studied students were in age group of 20 years and more. Also, about half of the studied students had poor knowledge toward global warming and the majority of them had a positive attitude toward the same subject.

Conclusion:

A significant gap in students’ knowledge which needs to be addressed for a better solution to contribute the global warming phenomenon.

Recommendations:

Integrating environmental concepts into the curriculums for all students from elementary school to university level to increase their environmental awareness about global warming phenomenon

Abstract Background: Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) plays an important role in the maternal and fetal well-being. Despite the presence of consistent evidence about individual differences in the level of MFA, there is still a need to identify the most salient risk factors of MFA level especially among high risk pregnancy who are vulnerable to increase level of anxiety that can hinder an adequate mother–fetus attachment. Aim. This study aimed to compare maternal fetal attachment in low and high risk pregnancies and to identify the underlying factors which may affect maternal-fetal attachment among high risk pregnancy. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used and conducted at the outpatient antenatal clinic at National Medical Institution, Damanhur City, Egypt for a convenient sample of 203 eligible pregnant women, the researchers used five tools to collect the necessary data; pregnant women basic data, Turkish version of the MFA Scale, Hobel's Prenatal Risk Score, Maternal Anxiety Scale & London questionnaire tool. Results. The findings of the present study portrayed a significant higher MFA among low risk mothers and a significant higher level of maternal anxiety was apparent among high risk. No significant differences was observed regarding MFA and pregnancy planning among both groups. Some personal and Obstetric variables affect the MFA level among high risk pregnant women. Conclusion. High risk pregnancy has lower level of MFA and higher level of anxiety with a remarkable obstetric predictors affecting their level of MFA. Recommendations: More attention should be given for high risk pregnant mothers through development and application of psychosocial nursing interventions program to decrease their anxiety level and improve maternal-fetal attachment.

Background: Endometriosis is recognized as the ‘disease of young girls’ because it seems to be more common in young girls. Early diagnosis is greatly essential to receive appropriate treatment and avoid complications. Aim of the study: to evaluate severe dysmenorrhea for early recognition of endometriosis among adolescent girls. Subject and Methods: Crosssectional descriptive design was used in this study. The study included 571 adolescent girls from 4 representative elementary schools in Assiut city. A structured Questionnaire was developed by the investigators and included four parts: Part I: demographic data; Part II: menstrual pattern: Part III. Pain history including: a. pain characteristics. b. Menstrual pain associating symptoms: c. Pain level: using of Horizontal Visual Analog Scale (VAS) 0-10 points. Part IV: finding of Transabdominal ultrasound (AUS) for those with severe dysmenorrhea. Field work: The study passed through three phases including assessment, implementation, and follow up phases with a period of 7 months. Results: the majority of the girls were between the age of 13-14 years. According to VAS, severe dysmenorrhea was reported in 68 girls (15%). Positive ultrasonography findings suggestive of endometriosis were reported among 57.4% of girls who had severe dysmenorrhea. The majority (71.2%) of those girls with severe dysmenorrhea responded to hormonal treatment while 28.2% not responded. There was a positive correlation between number of symptoms associating dysmenorrhea and the pain level. Conclusions and recommendations: Moderate and severe dysmenorrhea are common among adolescent …

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is an emergent percutaneous catheter intervention in the setting of ST elevation myocardial infarction, it is the preferred reperfusion strategy. Aim of the study: Assessment of knowledge and practices of myocardial infarction patients after (PPCI). Study design: A descriptive cross- sectional study research design has been utilized. Setting: the study was conducted at outpatient clinic Cardiovascular, Heart Hospital Assiut University. Subjects: A convenience sample of 150 patients was included in the study. Tools: A structured interview questionnaire including three parts included personal data, patients' knowledge about myocardial infarction, (PPCI)and reported practices Results: It was found that 43,3% of patients their age were younger than 50 year and 77.0% of them were males also it was found that 58.0% of patients had poor knowledge about myocardial infarction and (PPCI). More than three quarters of patients always take food rich in fat. 60.7 % of them never practice any kind of exercise, 83.3% of them were smokers. Conclusion: There was a great lacking of the necessary basic knowledge and practice of studied patients about myocardial infarction after (PPCI). Recommendations: Health education program is needed for patients with myocardial infarction to improve their knowledge and practice regarding their disease