Six isolates of Sclerotium cepivorum Berk were isolated from naturally infected garlic plants collected from different localities of EL-Minya, Assiut and Sohag Governorates. Pathogenicty tests indicated that isolates No.2, 3 and 6 were highly pathogenic to garlic as compared with isolates No.1,4 and 5. Protein of six isolates of S. cepivorum was compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyel sulfate-polyacrylamide gel elec-tophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Protein profiles separated by PAGE, iso-late No. 1 showed the highest number of bands (20 bands), while isolate No. 4 showed the lowest number (15 bands). The number of bands of other isolates was 16 or 17 bands. Protein pro-files separated by SDS-PAGE, isolate No. 5 showed the highest number of bands (19 bands) while isolate No. 3 showed the lowest number of bands (6 bands). The other isolates showed a number of bands ranged from 13 to 17 bands. On the basis of electrophoretic dis-similarities among protein band-ing paterns, isolates were grouped by claster analysis and the results were experessed as phenograms. Grouping the iso-lates based on PAGE analysis was associated with geographic of isolates,however, grouping the isolates based on SDS-PAGE was associated with virulence of isolates

Six isolates of Sclerotium cepivorum Berk were isolated from naturally infected garlic plants collected from different localities of EL-Minya, Assiut and Sohag Governorates. Pathogenicty tests indicated that isolates No.2, 3 and 6 were highly pathogenic to garlic as compared with isolates No.1,4 and 5. Protein of six isolates of S. cepivorum was compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyel sulfate-polyacrylamide gel elec-tophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Protein profiles separated by PAGE, iso-late No. 1 showed the highest number of bands (20 bands), while isolate No. 4 showed the lowest number (15 bands). The number of bands of other isolates was 16 or 17 bands. Protein pro-files separated by SDS-PAGE, isolate No. 5 showed the highest number of bands (19 bands) while isolate No. 3 showed the lowest number of bands (6 bands). The other isolates showed a number of bands ranged from 13 to 17 bands. On the basis of electrophoretic dis-similarities among protein band-ing paterns, isolates were grouped by claster analysis and the results were experessed as phenograms. Grouping the iso-lates based on PAGE analysis was associated with geographic of isolates,however, grouping the isolates based on SDS-PAGE was associated with virulence of isolates

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على بعض الآثار الاجتماعية لمشروع الأسر المنتجة على بعض الجوانب مثل المشاركة، اتخاذ القرار ، التعليم والتعلُم ، عمل مشروع ، التفاعل الاجتماعي . وتم اختيار أربعة قرى من مراكز مختلفة لمحافظة أسيوط على أساس وجود مشروع الأسر المنتجة في هذه القرى حتى نستطيع التعرف على الآثار العائدة على الأفراد من خلال تنفيذ هذا المشروع بالقرية ، وهي قرية موشا مركز أسيوط ، قرية باقور مركز أبوتيج ، قرية المشايعة بجري مركز الغنايم ، قرية العقال البحري مركز البداري .وأجريت الدراسة على الشاملة لمشروع مشغل الفتيات بعدد 104 مبحوثة . وجمعت البيانات عن طريق استمارة استبيان ، استغرقت عملية جمع البيانات لهذه الدراسة حوالي شهر بداية من شهر نوفمبر 2008 وحتى شهر ديسمبر 2008 .وكانت أهم النتائج التى توصلت إليها الدراسه أن لمشروع الأسر النتجه العديد من الآثار الاجتماعية على المبحوثات لعل من أبرزها : 1- إتقان المبحوثات للأنشطة المتعلقة بمشروع الأسر المنتجه مثل القص والتفصيل ، التريكو ، الكروشيه ، عمل إكسسوارات ، التطريز والخوص .2- قيام المبحوثات بتعليم الأنشطه السابقه لغيرهن من الأقارب والجيران . 3- تكوين المبحوثات لعلاقات إجتماعيه جديده عن طريق الإلتحاق بالمشغل .

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على بعض الآثار الاجتماعية لمشروع الأسر المنتجة على بعض الجوانب مثل المشاركة، اتخاذ القرار ، التعليم والتعلُم ، عمل مشروع ، التفاعل الاجتماعي . وتم اختيار أربعة قرى من مراكز مختلفة لمحافظة أسيوط على أساس وجود مشروع الأسر المنتجة في هذه القرى حتى نستطيع التعرف على الآثار العائدة على الأفراد من خلال تنفيذ هذا المشروع بالقرية ، وهي قرية موشا مركز أسيوط ، قرية باقور مركز أبوتيج ، قرية المشايعة بجري مركز الغنايم ، قرية العقال البحري مركز البداري .وأجريت الدراسة على الشاملة لمشروع مشغل الفتيات بعدد 104 مبحوثة . وجمعت البيانات عن طريق استمارة استبيان ، استغرقت عملية جمع البيانات لهذه الدراسة حوالي شهر بداية من شهر نوفمبر 2008 وحتى شهر ديسمبر 2008 .وكانت أهم النتائج التى توصلت إليها الدراسه أن لمشروع الأسر النتجه العديد من الآثار الاجتماعية على المبحوثات لعل من أبرزها : 1- إتقان المبحوثات للأنشطة المتعلقة بمشروع الأسر المنتجه مثل القص والتفصيل ، التريكو ، الكروشيه ، عمل إكسسوارات ، التطريز والخوص .2- قيام المبحوثات بتعليم الأنشطه السابقه لغيرهن من الأقارب والجيران . 3- تكوين المبحوثات لعلاقات إجتماعيه جديده عن طريق الإلتحاق بالمشغل .

To improve the amount of dry bee venom extracts from honey bee colonies by electrical impulses, some factors affecting venom extraction were tested in the apiary of Agriculture Faculty, Assiut University during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Results revealed that the scarcity of bee bread stored in honey bee colonies reduced significantly amount of dry bee venom extracted by 50.3% in comparison with the bee bread sufficiency. When honey bee colonies were provided by supplementary feeding, the venom production decreased only by 41.76%.Venom quantities collected from aggressiveness colonies in comparison with the calm one was relatively inferior. The venom production correlated negatively with the aggressiveness behavior of colony because the honey bee workers stingers were unstable on the collection boards at the high aggressive degree. Using venom collection boards over the colony frams produced 93.22 mg/colony with a significant increment (37.41%) of dry bee venom compared with the position at hive entrance.

To improve the amount of dry bee venom extracts from honey bee colonies by electrical impulses, some factors affecting venom extraction were tested in the apiary of Agriculture Faculty, Assiut University during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Results revealed that the scarcity of bee bread stored in honey bee colonies reduced significantly amount of dry bee venom extracted by 50.3% in comparison with the bee bread sufficiency. When honey bee colonies were provided by supplementary feeding, the venom production decreased only by 41.76%.Venom quantities collected from aggressiveness colonies in comparison with the calm one was relatively inferior. The venom production correlated negatively with the aggressiveness behavior of colony because the honey bee workers stingers were unstable on the collection boards at the high aggressive degree. Using venom collection boards over the colony frams produced 93.22 mg/colony with a significant increment (37.41%) of dry bee venom compared with the position at hive entrance.

To improve the amount of dry bee venom extracts from honey bee colonies by electrical impulses, some factors affecting venom extraction were tested in the apiary of Agriculture Faculty, Assiut University during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Results revealed that the scarcity of bee bread stored in honey bee colonies reduced significantly amount of dry bee venom extracted by 50.3% in comparison with the bee bread sufficiency. When honey bee colonies were provided by supplementary feeding, the venom production decreased only by 41.76%.Venom quantities collected from aggressiveness colonies in comparison with the calm one was relatively inferior. The venom production correlated negatively with the aggressiveness behavior of colony because the honey bee workers stingers were unstable on the collection boards at the high aggressive degree. Using venom collection boards over the colony frams produced 93.22 mg/colony with a significant increment (37.41%) of dry bee venom compared with the position at hive entrance.