This work describes a selective, facile, economic and fast technique using Ag@PbCO3-NPs for 100% precipitation of anionic dyes within 50–100 s from aqueous solutions. The selectivity of the present method was examined for removal of hazardous cationic and anionic dyes. Positive results were obtained only for anionic dyes namely indigo carmine (IC), Congo red (CR), methyl blue (MB), and eriochrome black T (EBT). Removal dyes mechanism by precipitation process is suggested and described. Precipitates are filtered and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy. This work possessed promising results in anionic dyes industrial water treatment.

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tThe current study was conducted to investigate the effect of age hardening on three differ-ent aluminum alloys: AA 6061, AA6013 and AA 5086. Different characterizing and testingtechniques were utilized in this study. The XRD results for 6xxx series demonstrated theMg2Si formation with different orientations after natural and artificial aging (NAT and AAT),while MgZn2phase was depicted in AA 5086 alloy. The friction coefficient of all naturallyaged Al alloys at room temperature (RT) was found to be higher than the friction coefficientof the artificially aged Al alloys at 175◦C. For group series 6xxx the corrosion resistance wasdecreased after the natural aging at RT, while the corrosion resistance was improved afterartificial age treatment at 175◦C for 30 min (AAT). The reduction in the friction coefficientand the growing in the corrosion resistance of the Al alloys after artificial age hardeningmake them potentially be used in many industrial sectors.

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Agricultural productivity faces various challenges that include a combination of (a)biotic stresses. The abiotic stresses include extreme temperature, water stress, light stress, salinity, deficiency in essential nutrients, chemical factors, air pollutants, radiation, wind, latitude, altitude, and other stressors. Damages to a magnitude of 50% of agrarian production come back from abiotic stress. Universal weather alteration and overutilizing naturalistic resources probably amplify the manifold of the inverse effect of abiotic stress. To alleviate the effects of various stressors, suggested strategies involve improved agronomic management, the upbringing of stress-tolerant cultivars, using fertilizer, which may boost the ability for acclimation to stressful medium. In this chapter, we have investigated the effect of salinity from the elevation of the Mediterranean seawater. In Egypt, the rise of the Mediterranean seawater leads to the mixing of surface water with the subsoil water, which leads to the reduction of crop productivity. Here, we introduced a mathematical model to manage the effect of salinity on sugar beet production. The model simulated the laser land leveling in the guided fields of the two Egyptian governorates, one of them located on the Mediterranean Sea, which produces sugar beet. The outcome of that mathematical model increased sugar beet revenue, profit, and rate of return in both governorates. The total sugar beet production cost, water used, and absolute risk decreased. Moreover, the liberation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and consumption of energy reduced.

A new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been recognized as a cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19 disease. In the absence of stable treatments for COVID-19, the possibility that vitamins: B 1, C, D, and E, omega-3, minerals (magnesium and manganese), and herb thyme may have unspecified effects on infection with COVID-19 would be considered. Various reports have revealed that vitamins B 1, C, D, and E, omega-3, magnesium, manganese, and thyme may affect the human innate system, for example, thiamine may play beneficial roles in human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), treating megadose ascorbic acid can assist prevent cold and flu symptoms, vitamin D can decrease the risk of developing COVID-19, vitamin E has been evaluated against the influenza virus in mice, and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation has been efficient in reducing the severity and frequency of sickle cell rate. Magnesium may be effective in patients with a mutation in the interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase, as well as manganese associates with the metabolism of glucose and fats, vitamin C, and B, accelerating protein synthesis, endocrine regulation, stimulating hematopoiesis, improving innate function, and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, thyme extract can have beneficial antiviral effects against human papillomavirus (HPV) and influenza A (IAV). The possibility that the vitamins B 1, C, D, E, omega-3, magnesium, manganese, and thyme appear to affect the human innate system warrants further study, especially in light of the recent COVID-19 epidemic.

THIS STUDY aimed to explore the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on physiological parameters of Solanum nigrum calli and the possibility of using it as a remediator for contaminated media. In vitro experiments were conducted to understand the mechanism of S. nigrum in the remediation of ZnO NPs (0, 50 and 100 mg L-1 used). The dry weight of calli subjected to the lowest concentration of ZnO NPs was increased (1.8 fold higher than the control). The activities of lipoxygenase and antioxidant enzymes in the callus were stimulated at the highest level of ZnO NPs. The treatment of ZnO NPs did not change the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and phenolic compounds while reducing the activity of polyphenol oxidase. The contents of phosphorus and potassium were decreased under ZnO NPs treatments. Amino acids, soluble proteins, soluble carbohydrates, and Zn content were elevated in the ZnO NPs-treated-callus. The infrared spectroscopy analysis proved the differences between most macromolecules. The results indicate that this plant can be used in the remediation of ZnO NPs in the contaminated media.