In this study, we utilized salicylaldehyde (SA) and p-toluidine (Tol-NH₂) to synthesize 2-(Z)[(4-methylphenyl)imino]methylphenol (SA-Tol-SF), which was then reduced to 2-[(4-methylphenyl)amino]methylphenol, producing SA-Tol-NH. SA-Tol-NH was further reacted with formaldehyde to create SA-Tol-BZ monomer. Poly(SA-Tol-BZ) was produced by thermally curing it at 210 °C, after synthesizing it from SA-Tol-BZ. The chemical structure of SA-Tol-BZ was analyzed using various analytical techniques such as FT-IR, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy TGA, SEM, DSC, and X-ray analyses. Afterward, we applied the obtained poly(SA-Tol-BZ) onto mild steel (MS) using thermal curing and spray coating techniques. To examine the anticorrosion attributes of MS coated with poly(SA-Tol-BZ), electrochemical characterization was employed. The study proved that poly(SA-Tol-BZ) coating had a high level of …

Modifying the metal surface is one solution to the industry’s growing corrosion problem. Thus, via threading approach and insertion of copolymers (CoP5-7) containing polyarylidenes through the internal cavity beta-cyclodextrin β-CD, novel pseudopolyrotaxanes copolymers (PC5-7) are developed, resulting in mild steel corrosion inhibition. Inhibitors of corrosion based on β-CD molecules adsorb strongly to metal surfaces because of their many polar groups, adsorption centers, many linkages of side chains, and benzene rings. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies IE % statistics have been revised via the Tafel polarization method and Spectroscopy based on the electrochemical impedance (EIS), with PC7 achieving the highest 99.93% in 1.0 M H₂SO₄; they are mixed-type inhibitors. The chemical composition of the resulting PCs is determined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron …

For various optical applications, the fabrication of nanocomposites of co-polyarylidene (cyclohexanone/4-tertiary butyl cyclohexanone) CoP6 with various-sized cadmium sulfide CdS nanoparticles via in situ polymerization has been investigated (CoP6-CdS NCs). Several techniques like FT-IR, XRD, XPS, SEM, TGA, TEM, UV–vis, and fluorescence emission have been used to investigate, characterize, and study nanocomposites' structural and optical characteristics. The optical band gap of NCs was found to have a slight redshift, from 2.81 to 2.71 eV, with no alteration to the absorption peak. The crystallinity and phase formation were studied by XRD, which showed that the produced NCs with larger (CdS) particles retain some crystalline structure. The NCs generated were characterized by SEM and TEM, revealing their aggregation inside the polymer matrix. The thermal stability of the produced nanocomposites …

In this study, 2-[(E)-(hexylimino)methyl] phenol (SA-Hex-SF) was synthesized by adding salicylaldehyde (SA) and n-hexylamine (Hex-NH₂), which was subsequently reduced by sodium borohydride to produce 2-[(hexylamino)methyl] phenol (SA-Hex-NH). Finally, the SA-Hex-NH reacted with formaldehyde to give a benzoxazine monomer (SA-Hex-BZ). Then, the monomer was thermally polymerized at 210 °C to produce the poly(SA-Hex-BZ). The chemical composition of SA-Hex-BZ was examined using FT-IR, ¹H, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively, were used to examine the thermal behavior, surface morphology, and crystallinity of the SA-Hex-BZ and its PBZ polymer. Mild steel (MS) was coated by poly(SA-Hex-BZ) which was quickly prepared using spray coating and …

Nowadays growing concerns are rising toward water contamination caused by pharmaceuticals. Consequently, the design of optical sensors for their detection and analysis is extremely essential. In the current work, iron (III) aminoterephthalate-based metal-organic framework (Fe(III)-MOF) was synthesized by two approaches i.e. conventional and ultrasonication without the use of any organic solvents. Calcination of the synthesized Fe(III)-MOFs resulted in formation of different iron oxide phases i.e. magnetite and hematite depending on the calcination conditions. Magnetite NPs obtained from calcination of conventionally prepared MOF were efficiently utilized in the removal of daclatasvir (DAC), a hepatitis C antiviral drug, from water. Adsorption mechanism was investigated, and it was found that electrostatic interaction is the main force governing the adsorption of DAC on the magnetite NPs surface. Moreover, adsorption kinetics was studied, and it was established that adsorption of DAC on magnetite NPs surface follows pseudo-second order kinetics with R² = 0.9970. The removal efficiency reached 99.9% after 220 min while using 5.0 mg/L of DAC. Furthermore, conventionally prepared Fe(III)-MOF showed higher fluorescence signal than ultrasonically-prepared MOF (∼3.0 times). This finding was exploited for utilization of conventionally prepared Fe(III)-MOF as a highly sensitive “turn-off” fluorescent probe for the analysis of nifuroxazide (NIFR) in domestic water. Parameters affecting sensing properties such as pH, solvent type and concentration of Fe(III)-MOF were optimized. The highest fluorescence quenching efficiency of NIFR was achieved while using 50 mg/L of Fe(III)-MOF in pH 9.0. Inner-filter effect was verified experimentally and mathematically to be the principal mechanism of the fluorescence quenching. The developed strategy showed high selectivity and sensitivity towards the analysis of NIFR with limit of detection and quantitation of 8.0 and 25.0 μg/L, respectively. Moreover, the designed sensor was successfully applied for determination of NIFR in domestic water without any interference from other tested antiviral, antidiabetic or antimicrobial drugs.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are considered a growing health problem to both poultry and the public, particularly due to its multi-drug resistance. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a promising multi-benefit candidate. This study focused on boosting the antimicrobial effect of the chemically synthesized ZnO-NPs using Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) and evaluating their potential to recover the sensitivity of Florfenicol and Streptomycin-resistant APEC to these drugs in a concentration range of 0.1–0.4 mg/mL. Four samples of ZnO-NPs were formulated and tested microbiologically.

Calcium Hardness (Ca. H) and total Hardness ions in drinkable groundwater cause great problems for the entire world especially, the population communities which are located far from surface water sources. The present study investigates the use of Sodalite Bearing Modified Illite (SBMI) as a sustainable and new technique to eliminate these ions from drinkable groundwater to compatible with the instruction of the World Health Organization. The methodology was achieved by using a new method to remove these ions’ excess calcium Hardness and total Hardness depending on two main processes; the adsorption as a first step and the coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation process as a second step. The results of this study were achieved through conducting three tasks; (1) Chemical analysis surveys for all the groundwater wells, to determine the areas which are more affected by these salts, and plot them on the …