The stydy done on a total number of 48 cyclic corpora lutea were dissected from ovaries obtained from local abattoir and classified according to physico-anatomy to developing, fully developed and regressing. The study concluded that changes in LPO and NO production and antioxidant activities is a dynamic and regulated process, which could play an important role in regulating luteal function during esterous cycle in buffalo cows.

The stydy done on a total number of 48 cyclic corpora lutea were dissected from ovaries obtained from local abattoir and classified according to physico-anatomy to developing, fully developed and regressing. The study concluded that changes in LPO and NO production and antioxidant activities is a dynamic and regulated process, which could play an important role in regulating luteal function during esterous cycle in buffalo cows.

The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions of the chalco-genide Inx(Se0.75Te0.25)100-x(where 0≤x≤10 at.%) glasses are reported and discussed. The dependence of the characteristic temperatures "Glass transition temperature (Tg), the crystallization onset temperature (Tc) and the crystallization peak temperature (Tp) on the heating rate (α) utilized in the determination of the activation (Eg), the activation energy for crystallization (Ec) and the Avrami,s exponent (n). The composition dependence of the Tg , Eg , and Ec were discussed in terms of the chemical bond approach, the average heats of atomization (Hs) and the cohesive energy (CE). The diffractogram of the transformed of the transformed material shows the presence of some crystallites of Se-Te and In-Se in the residual amorphous matrix.

A fraction with bradykinin potentinating activity was chemically isolated from the venom of the Egyptian scorpion Buthus occitanus. The pharamacological activity of the fraction (BPF) was bioassayed by the ability to potentiate added BK on the isolated guinea pig ileum as well as its inhibitory activity on ACE. The mode of action of this fraction on gonads of immature female guinea pigs was measured. The fraction was i.p. injected 1 ug/g body weight for five times in animalsat successive time intervals of 7 days each. Total body, ovaries, and uterine tissue weights were significantly increased as well as uterine total protein, RNA and cyclic nucleotides contents. Concomitantly, PGE2 level showed a significant elevation in both uterine and ovarian tissues. The uterine tissue homogenates in vitro showed an enhancing effect in response to the added fraction (1 ug/ml) and BK (i ug/ml) for PG biosynthesis from radiolabelled precursor 14 C-linoleic acid into its labelled metabolites AA, PGD2, TxB2, PGE1, PGF1 a and 6-keyo PGF1a.This enhancement effect was abolished in the presence of BK inhibitor , but the labelled PGF2a was still high. The results clearly indicate that the increase of PGs resulting from both in vivo & in vitro experiment may contribute to the inhibition of ACE and potentiation of exogenous and endognous BK.

A fraction with bradykinin potentinating activity was chemically isolated from the venom of the Egyptian scorpion Buthus occitanus. The pharamacological activity of the fraction (BPF) was bioassayed by the ability to potentiate added BK on the isolated guinea pig ileum as well as its inhibitory activity on ACE. The mode of action of this fraction on gonads of immature female guinea pigs was measured. The fraction was i.p. injected 1 ug/g body weight for five times in animalsat successive time intervals of 7 days each. Total body, ovaries, and uterine tissue weights were significantly increased as well as uterine total protein, RNA and cyclic nucleotides contents. Concomitantly, PGE2 level showed a significant elevation in both uterine and ovarian tissues. The uterine tissue homogenates in vitro showed an enhancing effect in response to the added fraction (1 ug/ml) and BK (i ug/ml) for PG biosynthesis from radiolabelled precursor 14 C-linoleic acid into its labelled metabolites AA, PGD2, TxB2, PGE1, PGF1 a and 6-keyo PGF1a.This enhancement effect was abolished in the presence of BK inhibitor , but the labelled PGF2a was still high. The results clearly indicate that the increase of PGs resulting from both in vivo & in vitro experiment may contribute to the inhibition of ACE and potentiation of exogenous and endognous BK.

Transferrin receptor mediates internalization of transferrin with bound ferric ions through the clathrindependent pathway. We found that binding of transferrin to the receptor induced rapid generation of cell surface ceramide which correlated with activation of acid, but not neutral, sphingomyelinase. At the onset of transferrin internalization both ceramide level and acid sphingomyelinase activity returned to their basic levels. Down-regulation of acid sphingomyelinase in cells with imipramine or silencing of the enzyme expression with siRNA stimulated transferrin internalization and inhibited its recycling. In these conditions colocalization of transferrin with clathrin was markedly reduced. Simultaneously, K+ depletion of cells which interfered with the assembly of clathrin-coated pits inhibited the uptake of transferrin much less efficiently than it did in control conditions. The down-regulation of acid sphingomyelinase activity led to the translocation of transferrin receptor to the raft fraction of the plasma membrane upon transferrin binding. The data suggest that lack of cell surface ceramide, generated in physiological conditions by acid sphingomyelinase during transferrin binding, enables internalization of transferrin/transferrin receptor complex by clathrin-independent pathway.

Transferrin receptor mediates internalization of transferrin with bound ferric ions through the clathrindependent pathway. We found that binding of transferrin to the receptor induced rapid generation of cell surface ceramide which correlated with activation of acid, but not neutral, sphingomyelinase. At the onset of transferrin internalization both ceramide level and acid sphingomyelinase activity returned to their basic levels. Down-regulation of acid sphingomyelinase in cells with imipramine or silencing of the enzyme expression with siRNA stimulated transferrin internalization and inhibited its recycling. In these conditions colocalization of transferrin with clathrin was markedly reduced. Simultaneously, K+ depletion of cells which interfered with the assembly of clathrin-coated pits inhibited the uptake of transferrin much less efficiently than it did in control conditions. The down-regulation of acid sphingomyelinase activity led to the translocation of transferrin receptor to the raft fraction of the plasma membrane upon transferrin binding. The data suggest that lack of cell surface ceramide, generated in physiological conditions by acid sphingomyelinase during transferrin binding, enables internalization of transferrin/transferrin receptor complex by clathrin-independent pathway.

In the present study, the effect of modulation of autophagy induced by anthocyanin on cell death of Human T lymphoma cells (Jurkat) was studied. Anthocyanin was abstracted from dry petals of Hibiscus sabdariffa, aquous solution of anthocyanin was added to cells at different concentrations then cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion method. Autophagy induced by anthocyanin was inhibited by 5 mM NH4CL which halts lysosomal enzymes and accordingly preventing autolysosomes formation. On the other hand, Autophagy was enhanced by glucose starvation. In both experiments of autophagy inhibition and enhancement, cell viability was studied to investigate the effect of autophagy modulation on cell viability. The results of this work revealed that both inhibition and enhancement of autophagy induced by anthocyanin lead to massive cell death. Immuno-detection of active caspase 3, one of the major hallmark of apoptotic cell death revealed remarkable increase of active caspse3 upon autophagy inhibition or enhancement. In conclusion, modulation of autophagy induced by anthocyanin lead to increasing of apoptotic cell death.