The kinetics of formation of intermediate complexes during the oxidation of iota- and lambdacarrageenan
sulfated polysaccharides (CAR) as natural polymers by alkaline permanganate at pH’s ≥12
have been investigated using a conventional spectrophotometer. The reactions showed first-order dependences
in permanganate and fractional-first-order kinetics with respect to carrageenans concentration.
Kinetic and spectrophotometric evidences revealed the formation of intermediate complexes involving
green manganate (VI) and/or blue hypomanganate (V) short-lived transient species. The influence of pH
on the oxidation rates indicated that the formation of complexes is base-catalyzed. The kinetic parameters
have been evaluated and mechanisms consistent with the experimental results are discussed.

The kinetics of formation of intermediate complexes during the oxidation of iota- and lambdacarrageenan
sulfated polysaccharides (CAR) as natural polymers by alkaline permanganate at pH’s ≥12
have been investigated using a conventional spectrophotometer. The reactions showed first-order dependences
in permanganate and fractional-first-order kinetics with respect to carrageenans concentration.
Kinetic and spectrophotometric evidences revealed the formation of intermediate complexes involving
green manganate (VI) and/or blue hypomanganate (V) short-lived transient species. The influence of pH
on the oxidation rates indicated that the formation of complexes is base-catalyzed. The kinetic parameters
have been evaluated and mechanisms consistent with the experimental results are discussed.

The chromatic aberration of magnetic lenses with the field distribution in the form B(Z)˛Zn, for all integer
n, have been studied as objective and projector lenses. These aberrations can be expressed in terms of
Bessel function of the first and second type of the order 1/2n(n + 1). For this reason we resort to digital
calculation. Care should be taking when making comparisons between positive and negative n value.

In this paper, Appell’s matrix function of two complex variables is introduced, starting from the hypergeometric matrix function with the studies of the properties and an elementary
generating functions for Jacobi matrix polynomials are obtained.

This paper aims at studying the convergence of some iteration
processes for mixed variational inequalities with convex
nondifferentiable functionals and J-potential, J-coercive,
J-pseudomonotone or J-strongly inverse monotone operators in
uniformly Smooth Banach spaces. Our results generalize corresponding theorems of [2],[4]and[6].

This paper aims at studying the convergence of some iteration
processes for mixed variational inequalities with convex
nondifferentiable functionals and J-potential, J-coercive,
J-pseudomonotone or J-strongly inverse monotone operators in
uniformly Smooth Banach spaces. Our results generalize corresponding theorems of [2],[4]and[6].

Water microbiological and physicochemical characterizations at various depths of aquatic ecosystems are basic requirements in several fields of research. A chief difficulty in hydrobiology, limnology, biological oceanography and water environmental microbiology is that of taking accurate field collections that are representative of the natural environment and population at various depths of aquatic ecosystems. Gathering water/plankton samples in a level just below the surface of the water body upon rising in columns from various depths due to hydrostatic pressure variations provided a simple approach for water and plankton sampling. Based on this approach, several forms of simple devices for water and plankton sampling were developed for water microbiological and physicochemical characterizations at various depths of aquatic ecosystems. The described approach showed less sampling errors in comparison to Van Dorn bottle and was comparable to water pumping but requires no external source of power. The described samplers are inexpensive and can be self constructed