Here, two Punica species, viz., P. protopunica Balf. fil., reported as native to Socotra, and P. granatum L., were compared for the first time. Analysis of one P. protopunica and eleven P. granatum accessions was performed using three molecular markers, i.e., sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP), and intron targeted amplified polymorphism (ITAP), along with analysis of pgWD40 sequences, a gene involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. All markers revealed the relationship between the two species and placed them at 33% similarity. SRAP, TRAP, and ITAP generated a total of 299, 260, and 160 bands, respectively. Of these, 78, 74, and 41 bands were specific for P. protopunica, and 92, 85, and 57 bands, respectively, were shared between both species. Sequence analysis of pgWD40~870 bp amplicons exhibited 100% identity among P. granatum accessions and 98% identity to that of P. protopunica. Phylogenetic analysis of WD40 sequences from monocot and dicot species, including both Punica species confirmed the relation between P. protopunica and P. granatum, supporting earlier reports that P. protopunica could be an ancestral species of P. granatum. Furthermore, the genetic diversity among and within P. granatum accessions from Egypt (3), Mexico (5), and Yemen (3) was assessed. Molecular marker-based relationships among region-bulked accessions was approximately the same (~90% similarity), whereas the degree of genetic variation was altered within each region. Specific bands (alleles) for accessions of each region along with those shared among them were identified. Thus, these bands could be used for pomegranate genotyping and breeding programs.

BARLEY is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide. An advanced backcross doubled haploid mapping population was grown in four locations across Egypt (Assuit, Al Wady Al Asuity, Matrouh and Nubaria). The population included 301 BC2DH lines derived from crossing between a German elite cultivar of H. vulgare ssp. vulgare ‘Scarlett’ with an exotic accession of H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum ‘ISR42-8’. A linkage map including 371 different types of genetic markers was used to perform QTL analysis. We detected 56 putative QTLs for traits of interest. In addition, the study identified four markers with marker main and marker × environment interaction effects. The exotic alleles of those four markers could be responsible for increasing their traits across environments. Furthermore, eight markers showed pleiotropic effect across locations. Some DH lines performed better than their parents and check varieties in each environment and across four environments as well. These results might be useful in MAS for barley breeding programs in Egypt.

BARLEY is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide. An advanced backcross doubled haploid mapping population was grown in four locations across Egypt (Assuit, Al Wady Al Asuity, Matrouh and Nubaria). The population included 301 BC2DH lines derived from crossing between a German elite cultivar of H. vulgare ssp. vulgare ‘Scarlett’ with an exotic accession of H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum ‘ISR42-8’. A linkage map including 371 different types of genetic markers was used to perform QTL analysis. We detected 56 putative QTLs for traits of interest. In addition, the study identified four markers with marker main and marker × environment interaction effects. The exotic alleles of those four markers could be responsible for increasing their traits across environments. Furthermore, eight markers showed pleiotropic effect across locations. Some DH lines performed better than their parents and check varieties in each environment and across four environments as well. These results might be useful in MAS for barley breeding programs in Egypt.

The present investigation was conducted at El Mattana Agricultural Research Station, Luxor Governorate, Egypt during three successive seasons i.e., 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The objective of this study was to achieve two cycles of pedigree line selection for improving seed yield/plant using two segregating populations of faba bean in the F4 and F5 generations. Remarkable variations among families of the both base populations as well as the selected families in cycle 1 and cycle 2 of pedigree line selection were observed for all studied traits. In Pop. I, families no. F233, F141, F182, F187 and F086 were the best families in most studied traits and out yielded both parents and bulk’s mean after two cycles of pedigree selection. In Pop. II, families no. F203, F177, F111, F076 and F036 were the best families and surpassed both bulk sample and better parent. The selected families of Pop. II were higher for seed weight, seed index, biological yield, pods weight and pods number than the selected families of Pop. I. These families could be considered as promising material for seed yield production. Accordingly, the pedigree selection would be reasonably effective for selecting the superior genotypes for seed yield/plant.

The present investigation was conducted at El Mattana Agricultural Research Station, Luxor Governorate, Egypt during three successive seasons i.e., 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The objective of this study was to achieve two cycles of pedigree line selection for improving seed yield/plant using two segregating populations of faba bean in the F4 and F5 generations. Remarkable variations among families of the both base populations as well as the selected families in cycle 1 and cycle 2 of pedigree line selection were observed for all studied traits. In Pop. I, families no. F233, F141, F182, F187 and F086 were the best families in most studied traits and out yielded both parents and bulk’s mean after two cycles of pedigree selection. In Pop. II, families no. F203, F177, F111, F076 and F036 were the best families and surpassed both bulk sample and better parent. The selected families of Pop. II were higher for seed weight, seed index, biological yield, pods weight and pods number than the selected families of Pop. I. These families could be considered as promising material for seed yield production. Accordingly, the pedigree selection would be reasonably effective for selecting the superior genotypes for seed yield/plant.

The present investigation was conducted at El Mattana Agricultural Research Station, Luxor Governorate, Egypt during three successive seasons i.e., 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The objective of this study was to achieve two cycles of pedigree line selection for improving seed yield/plant using two segregating populations of faba bean in the F4 and F5 generations. Remarkable variations among families of the both base populations as well as the selected families in cycle 1 and cycle 2 of pedigree line selection were observed for all studied traits. In Pop. I, families no. F233, F141, F182, F187 and F086 were the best families in most studied traits and out yielded both parents and bulk’s mean after two cycles of pedigree selection. In Pop. II, families no. F203, F177, F111, F076 and F036 were the best families and surpassed both bulk sample and better parent. The selected families of Pop. II were higher for seed weight, seed index, biological yield, pods weight and pods number than the selected families of Pop. I. These families could be considered as promising material for seed yield production. Accordingly, the pedigree selection would be reasonably effective for selecting the superior genotypes for seed yield/plant.

A field experiment was done at Shandaweel Agricultural Res. Station, ARC, throughout 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons, to investigate the performance of two pea cultivars (Master-B and Balmoral)receiving different weed control treatments (Amex 48% EC rate 1.25 l/fed pre-emergence, Stomp 45.5% CS at 1.7 L/fed pre-emergence, hand hoeing once at 20 days after sowing (DAS)+ Select super EC 12.5 at 500 cm 3/fed, hand weeding once at 20 DAS + Bazagran at 500 cm 3/fed at 40 DAS, Select super + Bazagran, hand weeding two times at 20 and 40 DAS and un-weeded) on weeds, yield and its components in pea. Results revealed that dry weight of grassy and broad-leaved weeds (g/m 2) was decreased in each cultivar when applying the different weeding treatments. Cultivars of pea considerably influenced each of growth traits, yield and its attributes in each season. Pea cultivar of Balmoral decreased dry weight of weeds (g/m 2) and significantly raised plant height, branches number per plant, pod dimension, number of ovules/pod, shell-out%, seed index, green pod yield (ton/fed) and dry seeds yield (kg/fed) relative to pea cultivar of Master-B in the first and second season. Using hand weeding two times at 20, 45 (DAS), hand weeding once at 20 DAS with any of Select or Bazagran at 500 cm 3/fed+Select super gave more decline of the dry weight of tested weeds (g/m 2) in each season. Hand weeding two times, hand hoeing once with any of Select super or Bazagran increased significantly all growth and yield attributes. The impact of interactions between cultivars of pea and weed control strategies were statistically significant effect, as by cultivating Balmoral cultivar using two times of hand hoeing or one time of hand-hoeing with spraying herbicide (select super) surpassed all other treatments in the first and second season.

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