Chloroquine is a drug derived from cinchona bark has been used for long time to treat different diseases including malaria and accidently it was proved to lower hyperglycemia. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with many disorders including blood serum proteins levels. Taking into consideration that insulin administration controls hyperglycemia of diabetic patients but it is not sufficient to restore the level of blood serum proteins. In the present work we compared the action of chloroquine and insulin on major blood serum proteins of alloxan induced diabetes. Mice were injected once with alloxan and then treated either with chloroquine or insulin. Another category of mice were fed with high glucose diet for short or long period to induce hyperglycemia independent of insulin level. Major blood serum proteins namely; transferrin, albumin, antitrypsin, acid glycoprotein and immunoglobulin G were estimated by SDS-PAGE and Image J software. Our results showed that chloroquine and insulin were independently effective in lowering fasting blood glucose level in alloxan treated animals. Also chloroquine significantly raises blood serum insulin level in diabetic animals without exogenous insulin treatment. Chloroquine restored partially or completely the level of transferrin, antitrypsin, acid glycoprotein and immunoglobulin G significantly and more efficiently than insulin. Both chloroquine and insulin had no influence on restoring the level of albumin in diabetic mice. The results indicate that chloroquine treatment may be a good adjuvant therapy with insulin to control diabetes and its complications.

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