The purpose of this study was to describe the flora and vegetation of Qift-Qusier roadside in the central part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt, and to relate the floristic composition to the prevailing environmental conditions. A total of 61 species (28 annuals and 33 perennials) belonging to 50 genera and 27 families were recorded. Based on their presence values, classification of the 61 species recorded in 43 stands using the cluster analysis yielded 6 vegetation groups. Results of CCA ordination indicated that organic matter, Na, K, Ca and pH, were the most important factors for the distribution of the vegetation pattern along the road verges in the study area. The DCA and CCA results suggest a strong association between vegetation and the measured environmental parameters.

Physiological adjustments to enhance tolerance or avoidance of drought were studied in three desert
plants growing in Wadi Natash (Eastern Desert, Egypt). Studied plants (Zilla spinosa (L. ) Prantl, Citrullus
colocynthis (L. ) Schrad and Morettia philaeana (Dalile) DC. ) were collected from four stands. Cell sap
osmotic potential, some organic (soluble sugars, total free amino acids, and soluble proteins) and
inorganic (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl- and SO4
2-) solute concentration were determined. In addition, cover
degree of investigated species (according to the cover-abundance scale of Braun-Blanquet) was also
estimated. Substantial osmotic adjustment (up to -1 .71 MPa) was observed in Z. spinosa collected from
stand 4. Z. spinosa was dependent on soluble sugars, soluble proteins, free amino acids, SO4
2-, K+, Cland
Mg2+ to readjust their internal osmotic pressure and to improve its water status. I t preferred Mg2+
more than the two other species. C. colocynthis accumulated inorganic solutes more than Z. spinosa
and less free amino acids. The results suggest that osmotic adjustment was the main water relationship
adaptation to cope with drought. Accumulation of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, K+, Cl- and SO4
2- at
higher concentration often assist in turgor maintenance and helped to enhance drought tolerance.
Key words: Adjustment; Chlorophyll; Organic solute; Osmotic potential; Soluble sugars

Physiological adjustments to enhance tolerance or avoidance of drought were studied in three desert
plants growing in Wadi Natash (Eastern Desert, Egypt). Studied plants (Zilla spinosa (L. ) Prantl, Citrullus
colocynthis (L. ) Schrad and Morettia philaeana (Dalile) DC. ) were collected from four stands. Cell sap
osmotic potential, some organic (soluble sugars, total free amino acids, and soluble proteins) and
inorganic (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl- and SO4
2-) solute concentration were determined. In addition, cover
degree of investigated species (according to the cover-abundance scale of Braun-Blanquet) was also
estimated. Substantial osmotic adjustment (up to -1 .71 MPa) was observed in Z. spinosa collected from
stand 4. Z. spinosa was dependent on soluble sugars, soluble proteins, free amino acids, SO4
2-, K+, Cland
Mg2+ to readjust their internal osmotic pressure and to improve its water status. I t preferred Mg2+
more than the two other species. C. colocynthis accumulated inorganic solutes more than Z. spinosa
and less free amino acids. The results suggest that osmotic adjustment was the main water relationship
adaptation to cope with drought. Accumulation of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, K+, Cl- and SO4
2- at
higher concentration often assist in turgor maintenance and helped to enhance drought tolerance.
Key words: Adjustment; Chlorophyll; Organic solute; Osmotic potential; Soluble sugars

Physiological adjustments to enhance tolerance or avoidance of drought were studied in three desert
plants growing in Wadi Natash (Eastern Desert, Egypt). Studied plants (Zilla spinosa (L. ) Prantl, Citrullus
colocynthis (L. ) Schrad and Morettia philaeana (Dalile) DC. ) were collected from four stands. Cell sap
osmotic potential, some organic (soluble sugars, total free amino acids, and soluble proteins) and
inorganic (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl- and SO4
2-) solute concentration were determined. In addition, cover
degree of investigated species (according to the cover-abundance scale of Braun-Blanquet) was also
estimated. Substantial osmotic adjustment (up to -1 .71 MPa) was observed in Z. spinosa collected from
stand 4. Z. spinosa was dependent on soluble sugars, soluble proteins, free amino acids, SO4
2-, K+, Cland
Mg2+ to readjust their internal osmotic pressure and to improve its water status. I t preferred Mg2+
more than the two other species. C. colocynthis accumulated inorganic solutes more than Z. spinosa
and less free amino acids. The results suggest that osmotic adjustment was the main water relationship
adaptation to cope with drought. Accumulation of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, K+, Cl- and SO4
2- at
higher concentration often assist in turgor maintenance and helped to enhance drought tolerance.
Key words: Adjustment; Chlorophyll; Organic solute; Osmotic potential; Soluble sugars

A total of 210 locally actinomycetes isolates were screened for their potential to produce IAA and 138 (65.7%) isolates were able to utilize tryptophane and produce the IAA. The 12 isolates with high IAA production were secondary screened to select the most highest producer. It is worth mentioning that the most highest IAA producing isolate (22 µg/ml of IAA) was Streptomyces sp. ASU14 recovered from rhizospheric soil sample after wheat cultivation in New valley governorate in Egypt. TLC and HPLC analysis confirmed the IAA production in the cell filtrates of the strain. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of the Streptomyces sp. ASU14 isolate had 16S rRNA gene with 99% nucleotides identity to that of Streptomyces atrovirens NRRLB16357 available in Genbank database. The nucleotide sequences of the isolate Streptomyces atrovirens ASU14 was deposited in the GenBank nucleotide sequence database under accession number KC145267. IAA production by Streptomyces atrovirens ASU14 was optimized by studying some factors and the results revealed that the maximum IAA value was obtained when the isolate cultivated in tryptone yeast extract broth medium supplemented by tryptophane 5 mg/ml, adjusted at pH 6 and incubated at 30°C for 13 days. These results suggest that IAA-producing Streptomyces atrovirens ASU14 could be a promising candidate for utilization in growth improvement of plants of economic and agricultural value.

We investigate an analytical solution for a two-qubit field system in the dispersive regime with a
reservoir. We analyze the influence of the phase damping on the Wigner function and the phase
properties. We found that the phase damping destroys the phase probability of the global system for
the coherent state and even coherent state. The phase damping leads to decay of the Wigner function
for the coherent state.

We investigate an analytical solution for a two-qubit field system in the dispersive regime with a
reservoir. We analyze the influence of the phase damping on the Wigner function and the phase
properties. We found that the phase damping destroys the phase probability of the global system for
the coherent state and even coherent state. The phase damping leads to decay of the Wigner function
for the coherent state.