We report here on the planktonic foraminiferal faunas of the Paleocene-Eocene boundary interval between 21.15 m
(Tarawan Chalk/Esna Shale 1 boundary; basal Zone P4c) and the basal part of the MahmiyaMember of Esna Shale Unit 3 (~5-6 m; Zone
E2; Lower Eocene) in the Dababiya Quarry Corehole (DQC). The sequential lower/initial late Paleocene appearance of several
morozovellid and acarininid taxa in the ~ 10 minterval from the top of the Tarawan Chalk (21.15 m) to the base of the lithologically distinct
Dababiya Quarry Member (11.82 m), the presence of the characteristic PETM excursion planktonic fauna (Acarinina sibaiyaensis,
Ac. africana and Morozovella allisonensis) within the DBQ Beds (11.82 m to 9.5 m), the “Eocene flood”of planktonic faunal elements
and the LO/initial appearance of Pseudohastigerna wilcoxensis in Bed 5 of the DBQ Beds mirrors our earlier observations in the nearby
Dababiya Quarry outcrops and makes precise correlation between the two sections possible.

Following a decade of studies in search of appropriate criteria
for selecting/defining and characterizing/correlating an optimum
location/level for a GSSP, the Working Group on the
Paleocene/Eocene boundary selected the 1.65 m level at the
base of Section DBH in the Dababiya Quarry, on the east bank
of the Nile River, about 35 km south of Luxor, Egypt (text-figs.
1-3). This level is correlative with the onset of a Carbon Isotope
Excursion (CIE) that was denoted as the primary criterion for
recognition and correlation of the Eocene GSSP. This (lithologic)
definition was formalized (Aubry et al. 2007) following
ratification by the IUGS at the 33rd IGC (Florence, August
2004). The basal Bed 1, the oldest bed of the Eocene Epoch, is a
dark gray clay, and one of five characteristic beds (named the
“Dababiya Quarry Beds”, Ouda and Aubry, eds., 2003,
text-figs. 4a and b, this paper) that outcrop through extensive areas
of the Middle East. These five beds (~3.5 m-thick in the
Dababiya GSSP section) that occur in an otherwise monotonous
lithology of shales (~120 m in the quarry) are indicative of a
major disruption that affected the Earth system at the time of
their deposition. Elsewhere, this disruption has left its mark in
the sedimentary record, in most instances with abrupt changes
in lithology.

The concepts of a-continuity and ca-continuity are considered and studied in fuzzifying topology and by making use of these concepts, some decompositions of fuzzy continuity are introduced. It is proved that the family of all a-sets in fuzzifying topology may not be a fuzzifying topology

The simultaneous voltammetric determination of metronidazole with omeprazole as well as tinidazole with omeprazole in model solution, human
urine samples and in a mixture of two pharmaceutical formulations or in a combined pharmaceutical formulation (HELI-CURE® Tablets) were
applied using hanging mercury droping electrode as a working electrode vs. Ag/AgCl sat'd KCl as reference electrode. The optimal conditions for
simultaneous determinations were obtained in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH~7) using the standard addition method without the necessity for
samples pretreatment and / or time-consuming extraction steps prior to analysis. Furthermore, the excipients present in the pharmaceutical
formulations did not cause interference with tinidazole, metronidazole or omeprazole determination. The LOD of metronidazole and omeprazole in
dual regime found to be 0.7x10-7 and 0.25x10-8 respectively. The LOD of tinidazole and omeprazole in dual regime found to be 0.45x10-7 and
0.36x10-8 respectively. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the calculated and real values of the analytes in
biological fluids and medicaments samples. The obtained results indicate, the developed method is accurate with high recoveries and it can be
recommended for routine analysis in the majority of drug quality control laboratories.

The simultaneous voltammetric determination of metronidazole with omeprazole as well as tinidazole with omeprazole in model solution, human
urine samples and in a mixture of two pharmaceutical formulations or in a combined pharmaceutical formulation (HELI-CURE® Tablets) were
applied using hanging mercury droping electrode as a working electrode vs. Ag/AgCl sat'd KCl as reference electrode. The optimal conditions for
simultaneous determinations were obtained in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH~7) using the standard addition method without the necessity for
samples pretreatment and / or time-consuming extraction steps prior to analysis. Furthermore, the excipients present in the pharmaceutical
formulations did not cause interference with tinidazole, metronidazole or omeprazole determination. The LOD of metronidazole and omeprazole in
dual regime found to be 0.7x10-7 and 0.25x10-8 respectively. The LOD of tinidazole and omeprazole in dual regime found to be 0.45x10-7 and
0.36x10-8 respectively. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the calculated and real values of the analytes in
biological fluids and medicaments samples. The obtained results indicate, the developed method is accurate with high recoveries and it can be
recommended for routine analysis in the majority of drug quality control laboratories.

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the variation
in vegetation and species diversity in three
inland wadis (Wadi Solaf, W. Romana and W. El-
Akhdar) which drain their water from surrounding
high mountains to the main channel
of Wadi Feiran in South Sinai. It attempted to
compare the floristic diversity between these
wadis to recognize the different distribution
patterns of species, and to assess the role of the
edaphic factors which control the distribution
of the plant communities. Forty-five sample
plots were selected to represent as much as possible
the variation in the vegetation, and georeferenced
using GPS techniques. A total of 116
species (45 annuals and 71 perennials) belonging
to 95 genera and 37 families were recorded,
with Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, and
Zygophyllaceae represented the species-rich
families. Therophytes constituted the main bulk
of the flora, followed by chamaephytes,
phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes. As part
of the Saharo-Arabian region, the Saharo-Arabian
chorotype dominated the others. Classification
of the vegetation resulted in 5 vegetation
groups: (A) Zilla spinosa, (B) Artemisia
judaica-Zilla spinosa, (C) Artemisia judaica, (D)
Anabasis articulata-Artemisia judaica-Fagonia
mollis, and (E) Fagonia mollis-Zilla spinosa.
Species richness was significantly negatively correlated
with chlorides, while the Shannon’s
diversity index showed significant negative correlation
with chlorides and positively correlated
with calcium. Vegetation-soil relationships were
assessed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis
(CCA) using 13 soil factors indicated that gravel,
coarse sand, fine sand, silt, clay, sodium and
chlorides were the key soil variables that affect
the distribution of plant communities in the
inland wadis of South Sinai.

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the variation
in vegetation and species diversity in three
inland wadis (Wadi Solaf, W. Romana and W. El-
Akhdar) which drain their water from surrounding
high mountains to the main channel
of Wadi Feiran in South Sinai. It attempted to
compare the floristic diversity between these
wadis to recognize the different distribution
patterns of species, and to assess the role of the
edaphic factors which control the distribution
of the plant communities. Forty-five sample
plots were selected to represent as much as possible
the variation in the vegetation, and georeferenced
using GPS techniques. A total of 116
species (45 annuals and 71 perennials) belonging
to 95 genera and 37 families were recorded,
with Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, and
Zygophyllaceae represented the species-rich
families. Therophytes constituted the main bulk
of the flora, followed by chamaephytes,
phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes. As part
of the Saharo-Arabian region, the Saharo-Arabian
chorotype dominated the others. Classification
of the vegetation resulted in 5 vegetation
groups: (A) Zilla spinosa, (B) Artemisia
judaica-Zilla spinosa, (C) Artemisia judaica, (D)
Anabasis articulata-Artemisia judaica-Fagonia
mollis, and (E) Fagonia mollis-Zilla spinosa.
Species richness was significantly negatively correlated
with chlorides, while the Shannon’s
diversity index showed significant negative correlation
with chlorides and positively correlated
with calcium. Vegetation-soil relationships were
assessed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis
(CCA) using 13 soil factors indicated that gravel,
coarse sand, fine sand, silt, clay, sodium and
chlorides were the key soil variables that affect
the distribution of plant communities in the
inland wadis of South Sinai.

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the variation
in vegetation and species diversity in three
inland wadis (Wadi Solaf, W. Romana and W. El-
Akhdar) which drain their water from surrounding
high mountains to the main channel
of Wadi Feiran in South Sinai. It attempted to
compare the floristic diversity between these
wadis to recognize the different distribution
patterns of species, and to assess the role of the
edaphic factors which control the distribution
of the plant communities. Forty-five sample
plots were selected to represent as much as possible
the variation in the vegetation, and georeferenced
using GPS techniques. A total of 116
species (45 annuals and 71 perennials) belonging
to 95 genera and 37 families were recorded,
with Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, and
Zygophyllaceae represented the species-rich
families. Therophytes constituted the main bulk
of the flora, followed by chamaephytes,
phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes. As part
of the Saharo-Arabian region, the Saharo-Arabian
chorotype dominated the others. Classification
of the vegetation resulted in 5 vegetation
groups: (A) Zilla spinosa, (B) Artemisia
judaica-Zilla spinosa, (C) Artemisia judaica, (D)
Anabasis articulata-Artemisia judaica-Fagonia
mollis, and (E) Fagonia mollis-Zilla spinosa.
Species richness was significantly negatively correlated
with chlorides, while the Shannon’s
diversity index showed significant negative correlation
with chlorides and positively correlated
with calcium. Vegetation-soil relationships were
assessed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis
(CCA) using 13 soil factors indicated that gravel,
coarse sand, fine sand, silt, clay, sodium and
chlorides were the key soil variables that affect
the distribution of plant communities in the
inland wadis of South Sinai.