Several volcanic buildups have been documented using gravity and magnetic data at specific locations in the Northern Red Sea (NRS). Most of these volcanoes were never sampled, and only a few were imaged by seismic or bathymetry data. Furthermore, the confidentiality of commercial datasets does not allow adequate knowledge of these structures and their morphology and physical properties. In this study, 2D and 3D seismic reflection data and 3D constrained inversion of magnetic and gravity data have been used to infer densities and magnetic susceptibilities of volcanic features in the central part of the NRS and to evaluate the distribution and geometry. This study indicates that the results of the 3D inverted models show a good fit with the volcanic structures inferred from seismic data and, thus, that the inversion technique adopted can be a reliable tool for detecting other edifices where seismic data are …

The Red Sea basin includes a thick Middle to Late Miocene evaporitic succession that underwent halokinesis and caused intensive reshaping of the seafloor and the development of salt-tectonic structures. However, the geometry and kinematics of these structures are still poorly understood. This study uses 2D and 3D seismic surveys and well data of the northern Egyptian Red Sea to systematically describe the distribution and morphology of salt structures, discuss their initiation, and construct a kinematic model for their origin. Our results indicate that the massive salt layer developed into five major NW-SE to NNE-SSW trending salt walls, characterized by relatively irregular crests and moderately dipping flanks. In addition, several symmetrical and asymmetrical folds and two categories of normal faults (subsalt and suprasalt) have been recognized. Based on our observations, salt mobilization in the study area …

The adverse impact of schistosomiasis on tissues is considered in generating a schistosomal vaccine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Schistosoma mansoni crude antigens as a therapeutic and prophylactic formulation in the inhibition of heat shock protein, apoptosis, and CD3/CD20 expression in a liver and spleen mouse models using the immunohistochemistry method. A total of 65 mice were divided into five groups: (i) infected untreated group (G1), (ii) therapeutic treated group (G2) with egg soluble egg antigen (SEA), and soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP), (iii) prophylactically treated group (G3) with cercarial antigen preparation (CAP), (iv) combined treated group with three antigens (G4), and (v) control group (G5). The results we obtained showed that CAP, SEA, and SWAP antigens mitigated the deterioration and inflammation induced by infection. Apoptosis and …

Global crop yield and growth are severely impacted by hazardous heavy metal contamination of the soil and water. This study examined the effects on a range of physiological, biochemical, and morphological parameters of two canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, Punjab (V1) and Super (V2), when they were subjected to three different levels of cadmium (Cd) stress (0, 1.5, and 2.25 mM) and foliar application of biostimulant, ie, Moringa leaf extract (MLE). Plants in V1 (Punjab) collect more Cd in both their aerial and subterranean sections than in V2 (Super). The morphological and physiological indicators showed a substantial (p< 0.05) deterioration as a result of the Cd buildup. Ascorbic acid and malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were considerably (p< 0.05) elevated under Cd stress. V1 has considerably higher H2O2 values than Super (V2), which suggests that oxidative stress levels there are higher. Additionally, the activity of some antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase and peroxidase (65 and 40%, respectively), were reduced by a higher concentration of Cd (2.25 mM). V2 demonstrated stronger antioxidant defence mechanisms than V1, as seen by a 115% rise in POD activity, a 70% increase in shoot fresh weight, and a 49% increase in amino acids following MLE spray. Despite this, the V2 was still able to withstand Cd. Under Cd stress, foliar treatment of MLE increased both kinds' yield, growth, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. The findings indicated that applying MLE foliar spray can improve crop productivity and lessen the impacts of metals on B. napus L.

Maize is an imperative crop around the globe, and it provides several essential nutrients to humans and animals. Environmental changes seriously affect growth and productivity. Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses, reducing maize growth and yield and threatening global food security. For decades, breeders have been trying to improve maize's ability to counter the toxic effects of drought stress. Drought tolerance is controlled by many genes and it complicates molecular breeding. The use of conventional breeding methods limited the development of drought tolerance in maize because of the complex nature of this trait. Hence, maize breeders have shifted their focus towards improvement of drought tolerance in maize at molecular level. Different molecular tools like quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, genome-wide-association-studies (GWAS), transcriptome analysis, transcription factor (TFs) analysis, and CRISPR/Cas9 have played a vital role in gene’s identification and their use in molecular breeding. These genomic regions have been proven very effective, and more studies are being conducted to increase their efficiency; however, the improvement level is limited because of the complex genetic mechanism of drought tolerance. Different review articles have been published on this aspect; however, a comprehensive and updated overview of drought tolerance needs to be included. The current review highlights the role of diverse molecular techniques to improve drought tolerance in maize. This review article will enhance the interest of researchers working on the genetic improvement of maize.

Here, using the Sonogashira coupling technique, a new fluorescent tetraphenylethene (TPE) and borondipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based CMP (TPE-BODIPY-CMP) was built and developed for usage in supercapacitors and Cu²⁺ ion detection. XPS, ssNMR, and FTIR techniques were used to validate the presence of the functional groups, aromatic carbons, and atoms [Si, B, C, N, O, and F] in the TPE-BODIPY-CMP framework. In the TPE-BODIPY-CMP, the calculated pore size, S_BET, and carbon residue were 1.52–2.82 nm, 300 m² g⁻¹, and 67%, respectively. as per our electrochemical test, the capacitance stability [83.23% after 5000 cycles], and specific capacity of 176 F g⁻¹ (0.5 A g⁻¹) for TPE-BODIPY-CMP. We performed photoluminescence (PL) experiments on TPE-BODIPY-CMP to evaluate its capacity in cation detection [Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Al³⁺, Cr³⁺, Ni²⁺, Ce³⁺, Mg²⁺, Hg²⁺, Fe³⁺, Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Ag⁺] and a limit of detection (LOD) of TPE-BODIPY-CMP toward Cu²⁺ ions was 2.5 × 10⁻⁷ M.