Mode of interactions of anticancer drug Formestane (FMT) with single and double stranded DNA has been investigated at different temperatures and at two physiological pH values i.e. 7.4 (human blood pH) and 4.7 (stomach pH). Fluorescence spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were employed to probe the interaction between FMT and DNA. The observed fluorescence quenching of dsDNA–ethidium bromide system by the anticancer drug FMT confirmed the intercalative mode of binding between the FMT and dsDNA. The absorption spectra and voltammetric results indicate FMT gets intercalated between dsDNA bases and the strength of interaction is independent on the ionic strength. Comparison of the mode of interaction of FMT with dsDNA and ssDNA was discussed. The calculated binding constants for FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes at pH 7.4 were found to be 1.52 × 105 M−1 and 1.24 × 106 M−1, respectively. Stoichiometric coefficients and thermodynamic parameters of FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes were evaluated. The association between the anticancer drug FMT with DNA is maximum at pH 7.4 which depicts the most stable complexes are formed at human blood pH. The decrease in peak current of FMT resulting from its interaction with DNA was employed for determination of dsDNA and ssDNA concentration at physiological conditions.

Mode of interactions of anticancer drug Formestane (FMT) with single and double stranded DNA has been investigated at different temperatures and at two physiological pH values i.e. 7.4 (human blood pH) and 4.7 (stomach pH). Fluorescence spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were employed to probe the interaction between FMT and DNA. The observed fluorescence quenching of dsDNA–ethidium bromide system by the anticancer drug FMT confirmed the intercalative mode of binding between the FMT and dsDNA. The absorption spectra and voltammetric results indicate FMT gets intercalated between dsDNA bases and the strength of interaction is independent on the ionic strength. Comparison of the mode of interaction of FMT with dsDNA and ssDNA was discussed. The calculated binding constants for FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes at pH 7.4 were found to be 1.52 × 105 M−1 and 1.24 × 106 M−1, respectively. Stoichiometric coefficients and thermodynamic parameters of FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes were evaluated. The association between the anticancer drug FMT with DNA is maximum at pH 7.4 which depicts the most stable complexes are formed at human blood pH. The decrease in peak current of FMT resulting from its interaction with DNA was employed for determination of dsDNA and ssDNA concentration at physiological conditions.

Mode of interactions of anticancer drug Formestane (FMT) with single and double stranded DNA has been investigated at different temperatures and at two physiological pH values i.e. 7.4 (human blood pH) and 4.7 (stomach pH). Fluorescence spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were employed to probe the interaction between FMT and DNA. The observed fluorescence quenching of dsDNA–ethidium bromide system by the anticancer drug FMT confirmed the intercalative mode of binding between the FMT and dsDNA. The absorption spectra and voltammetric results indicate FMT gets intercalated between dsDNA bases and the strength of interaction is independent on the ionic strength. Comparison of the mode of interaction of FMT with dsDNA and ssDNA was discussed. The calculated binding constants for FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes at pH 7.4 were found to be 1.52 × 105 M−1 and 1.24 × 106 M−1, respectively. Stoichiometric coefficients and thermodynamic parameters of FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes were evaluated. The association between the anticancer drug FMT with DNA is maximum at pH 7.4 which depicts the most stable complexes are formed at human blood pH. The decrease in peak current of FMT resulting from its interaction with DNA was employed for determination of dsDNA and ssDNA concentration at physiological conditions.

Mode of interactions of anticancer drug Formestane (FMT) with single and double stranded DNA has been investigated at different temperatures and at two physiological pH values i.e. 7.4 (human blood pH) and 4.7 (stomach pH). Fluorescence spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry were employed to probe the interaction between FMT and DNA. The observed fluorescence quenching of dsDNA–ethidium bromide system by the anticancer drug FMT confirmed the intercalative mode of binding between the FMT and dsDNA. The absorption spectra and voltammetric results indicate FMT gets intercalated between dsDNA bases and the strength of interaction is independent on the ionic strength. Comparison of the mode of interaction of FMT with dsDNA and ssDNA was discussed. The calculated binding constants for FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes at pH 7.4 were found to be 1.52 × 105 M−1 and 1.24 × 106 M−1, respectively. Stoichiometric coefficients and thermodynamic parameters of FMT–dsDNA and FMT–ssDNA complexes were evaluated. The association between the anticancer drug FMT with DNA is maximum at pH 7.4 which depicts the most stable complexes are formed at human blood pH. The decrease in peak current of FMT resulting from its interaction with DNA was employed for determination of dsDNA and ssDNA concentration at physiological conditions.

A systematic comparative study of the binding of antitumor Morin and its complexes with DNA has been investigated in the Britton-Robison (BR) buffer solutions using voltammetric and spectroscopic meth- ods. The results show that Morin molecule, acting as an intercalator, is inserted into the cavity of the -cyclodextrin (-CD) as well as into the base stacking domain of the DNA double helix. The interaction ofMorin–Cu complex or the inclusion complex ofMorin–-CDwith ds-DNA causes hypochromismin the absorption spectra, along with pronounced changes in the electrochemical behavior of the Morin com- plexes. An isobestic point and a newspectrumband appeared indicating the formation of the newsystem of Morin–Cu–DNA at m = 391 nm and Morin–-CD–DNA at m = 375 nm. The intercalation of Morin–Cu and Morin–-CD complexes with DNA produces an electrochemically inactive supramolecular complex. The binding constants were calculated from the increase of the solubility, the strong hypochromism, and the decrease in peak current of Morin and its complexes upon the addition of the host molecules. Cal- culation of the thermodynamic parameters of the interaction of the inclusion complex of Morin–-CD with DNA, including Gibbs free energy change, Helmholz free energy and entropy change shows that the complexation is a spontaneous process of association.

A systematic comparative study of the binding of antitumor Morin and its complexes with DNA has been investigated in the Britton-Robison (BR) buffer solutions using voltammetric and spectroscopic meth- ods. The results show that Morin molecule, acting as an intercalator, is inserted into the cavity of the -cyclodextrin (-CD) as well as into the base stacking domain of the DNA double helix. The interaction ofMorin–Cu complex or the inclusion complex ofMorin–-CDwith ds-DNA causes hypochromismin the absorption spectra, along with pronounced changes in the electrochemical behavior of the Morin com- plexes. An isobestic point and a newspectrumband appeared indicating the formation of the newsystem of Morin–Cu–DNA at m = 391 nm and Morin–-CD–DNA at m = 375 nm. The intercalation of Morin–Cu and Morin–-CD complexes with DNA produces an electrochemically inactive supramolecular complex. The binding constants were calculated from the increase of the solubility, the strong hypochromism, and the decrease in peak current of Morin and its complexes upon the addition of the host molecules. Cal- culation of the thermodynamic parameters of the interaction of the inclusion complex of Morin–-CD with DNA, including Gibbs free energy change, Helmholz free energy and entropy change shows that the complexation is a spontaneous process of association.