Along the Red Sea coast (at Quseir area), the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene phosphorite-bearing sediments were laid down under shallow marine conditions. There, thick economic phosphorite beds are intercalating the Quseir, Duwi, and Dakhla formations. Furthermore, thin phosphorite beds ( 20-cm thick) have been recorded as interbeds within the above-mentioned rock units. Each high-grade, economic phosphorite bed experienced many successive stages of phosphogenesis. The initial stage of phosphogenesis started with scattered phosphate peloids, which accumulated below fair-weather wave base and under calm conditions. Subsequently, the frequency and quantities of these peloids increased with time. The closing session of the phosphogenesis scenario was characterized by exhumation, fragmentation, and redeposition of the peloids by high-energy episodes (i.e., storms). Prolonged action of these high-energy events resulted in mixing of peloids with other phosphatic components in crudely fining upward sequences. Both one-event and amalgamated (multi-event) storm beds are common. The SEM investigations have indicated that algal blooms played a vital role in the origin of the Red Sea phosphorites. These algal blooms acted as important sites for P fixation and consequently, a release of P. Integrated field and laboratory studies have revealed that phosphorite rocks display noticeable variations from one locality to another. These variations include changes in thickness, P2O5 content and the hosting sediments (siliciclastics and/or carbonates). A plausible explanation for these variations may be related to the effect of synsedimentary local tectonics. Keywords Quseir area . Duwi formation . Phosphogenesis . Storm deposits . Phosphorites . Sedimentary traps

Along the Red Sea coast (at Quseir area), the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene phosphorite-bearing sediments were laid down under shallow marine conditions. There, thick economic phosphorite beds are intercalating the Quseir, Duwi, and Dakhla formations. Furthermore, thin phosphorite beds ( 20-cm thick) have been recorded as interbeds within the above-mentioned rock units. Each high-grade, economic phosphorite bed experienced many successive stages of phosphogenesis. The initial stage of phosphogenesis started with scattered phosphate peloids, which accumulated below fair-weather wave base and under calm conditions. Subsequently, the frequency and quantities of these peloids increased with time. The closing session of the phosphogenesis scenario was characterized by exhumation, fragmentation, and redeposition of the peloids by high-energy episodes (i.e., storms). Prolonged action of these high-energy events resulted in mixing of peloids with other phosphatic components in crudely fining upward sequences. Both one-event and amalgamated (multi-event) storm beds are common. The SEM investigations have indicated that algal blooms played a vital role in the origin of the Red Sea phosphorites. These algal blooms acted as important sites for P fixation and consequently, a release of P. Integrated field and laboratory studies have revealed that phosphorite rocks display noticeable variations from one locality to another. These variations include changes in thickness, P2O5 content and the hosting sediments (siliciclastics and/or carbonates). A plausible explanation for these variations may be related to the effect of synsedimentary local tectonics. Keywords Quseir area . Duwi formation . Phosphogenesis . Storm deposits . Phosphorites . Sedimentary traps

Along the Red Sea coast (at Quseir area), the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene phosphorite-bearing sediments were laid down under shallow marine conditions. There, thick economic phosphorite beds are intercalating the Quseir, Duwi, and Dakhla formations. Furthermore, thin phosphorite beds ( 20-cm thick) have been recorded as interbeds within the above-mentioned rock units. Each high-grade, economic phosphorite bed experienced many successive stages of phosphogenesis. The initial stage of phosphogenesis started with scattered phosphate peloids, which accumulated below fair-weather wave base and under calm conditions. Subsequently, the frequency and quantities of these peloids increased with time. The closing session of the phosphogenesis scenario was characterized by exhumation, fragmentation, and redeposition of the peloids by high-energy episodes (i.e., storms). Prolonged action of these high-energy events resulted in mixing of peloids with other phosphatic components in crudely fining upward sequences. Both one-event and amalgamated (multi-event) storm beds are common. The SEM investigations have indicated that algal blooms played a vital role in the origin of the Red Sea phosphorites. These algal blooms acted as important sites for P fixation and consequently, a release of P. Integrated field and laboratory studies have revealed that phosphorite rocks display noticeable variations from one locality to another. These variations include changes in thickness, P2O5 content and the hosting sediments (siliciclastics and/or carbonates). A plausible explanation for these variations may be related to the effect of synsedimentary local tectonics. Keywords Quseir area . Duwi formation . Phosphogenesis . Storm deposits . Phosphorites . Sedimentary traps

Along the Red Sea coast (at Quseir area), the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene phosphorite-bearing sediments were laid down under shallow marine conditions. There, thick economic phosphorite beds are intercalating the Quseir, Duwi, and Dakhla formations. Furthermore, thin phosphorite beds ( 20-cm thick) have been recorded as interbeds within the above-mentioned rock units. Each high-grade, economic phosphorite bed experienced many successive stages of phosphogenesis. The initial stage of phosphogenesis started with scattered phosphate peloids, which accumulated below fair-weather wave base and under calm conditions. Subsequently, the frequency and quantities of these peloids increased with time. The closing session of the phosphogenesis scenario was characterized by exhumation, fragmentation, and redeposition of the peloids by high-energy episodes (i.e., storms). Prolonged action of these high-energy events resulted in mixing of peloids with other phosphatic components in crudely fining upward sequences. Both one-event and amalgamated (multi-event) storm beds are common. The SEM investigations have indicated that algal blooms played a vital role in the origin of the Red Sea phosphorites. These algal blooms acted as important sites for P fixation and consequently, a release of P. Integrated field and laboratory studies have revealed that phosphorite rocks display noticeable variations from one locality to another. These variations include changes in thickness, P2O5 content and the hosting sediments (siliciclastics and/or carbonates). A plausible explanation for these variations may be related to the effect of synsedimentary local tectonics. Keywords Quseir area . Duwi formation . Phosphogenesis . Storm deposits . Phosphorites . Sedimentary traps

Impairment of retinoic acid results in different malformations during embryonic development. Nigella sativa is used in public medicine for treatment of a wide range of diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant effect of N. sativa L. seed extracts during development of the chick embryo. The embryos were treated with citral to inhibit endogenous retinoic or treated with a combination of citral and N. sativa extract. ROS (The reactive oxygen species), was measured as indicator for oxidative stress. ROS significantly increase in the embryo after treatment with citral. Treatment with N. sativa extract only exerted antineoplastic properties through elevating the ROS to significantly higher levels compared to control. Co-treatment with citral and N. sativa partly mitigated the oxidative stress levels by reducing the ROS levels compared to citral alone. The partial mitigation of N. sativa is suggested to be due to its antineoplastic properties, the high levels of ROS produced by citral above its antioxidative capacity, mode of extraction or the low concentration used in the experiment. Also, N. sativa is not recommended as a food supplement for infants and newborns.

Impairment of retinoic acid results in different malformations during embryonic development. Nigella sativa is used in public medicine for treatment of a wide range of diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant effect of N. sativa L. seed extracts during development of the chick embryo. The embryos were treated with citral to inhibit endogenous retinoic or treated with a combination of citral and N. sativa extract. ROS (The reactive oxygen species), was measured as indicator for oxidative stress. ROS significantly increase in the embryo after treatment with citral. Treatment with N. sativa extract only exerted antineoplastic properties through elevating the ROS to significantly higher levels compared to control. Co-treatment with citral and N. sativa partly mitigated the oxidative stress levels by reducing the ROS levels compared to citral alone. The partial mitigation of N. sativa is suggested to be due to its antineoplastic properties, the high levels of ROS produced by citral above its antioxidative capacity, mode of extraction or the low concentration used in the experiment. Also, N. sativa is not recommended as a food supplement for infants and newborns.

Impairment of retinoic acid results in different malformations during embryonic development. Nigella sativa is used in public medicine for treatment of a wide range of diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo antioxidant effect of N. sativa L. seed extracts during development of the chick embryo. The embryos were treated with citral to inhibit endogenous retinoic or treated with a combination of citral and N. sativa extract. ROS (The reactive oxygen species), was measured as indicator for oxidative stress. ROS significantly increase in the embryo after treatment with citral. Treatment with N. sativa extract only exerted antineoplastic properties through elevating the ROS to significantly higher levels compared to control. Co-treatment with citral and N. sativa partly mitigated the oxidative stress levels by reducing the ROS levels compared to citral alone. The partial mitigation of N. sativa is suggested to be due to its antineoplastic properties, the high levels of ROS produced by citral above its antioxidative capacity, mode of extraction or the low concentration used in the experiment. Also, N. sativa is not recommended as a food supplement for infants and newborns.

The main objective of the present paper is to derive the integral representation, matrix recurrence relations and matrix differential recurrence relations for the generalized Bessel matrix polynomials. Furthermore, we obtain a class of generating matrix functions for the generalized Bessel matrix polynomials by using the representation of a Lie group theory with the aid of Weisner's method. Some particular cases of interest as well as the applications of our results are also presented out.

The aim of this paper deals with the study of the Horn matrix function of two complex variables. The convergent properties, an integral representation of H2(A,A′,B,B′;C;z,w) is obtained and recurrence matrix relations are given. Some result when operating on Horn matrix function with the differential operator D and a solution of certain partial differential equations are established. The Hadamard product of two Horn’s matrix functions is studied, certain results as, the domain of regularity, contiguous functional relations and operating with the differential operator D and D2 are established.

The aim of this paper deals with the study of the Horn matrix function of two complex variables. The convergent properties, an integral representation of H2(A,A′,B,B′;C;z,w) is obtained and recurrence matrix relations are given. Some result when operating on Horn matrix function with the differential operator D and a solution of certain partial differential equations are established. The Hadamard product of two Horn’s matrix functions is studied, certain results as, the domain of regularity, contiguous functional relations and operating with the differential operator D and D2 are established.