Egyptian natural clays without cation exchange or acid treatment were investigated as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The original and calcined samples have been characterized by, TG-DTA, XRD and surface area measurements. The acidity of clays was determined using decomposition of isopropanol and chemisorptions of pyridine and dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic activity performance of the clays was carried out using esterification of acetic acid with n-butyl alcohol in liquid phase. The results revealed that the clays are highly active and selective towards ester formation. The activity was correlated with the strength of the acid sites.

Egyptian natural clays without cation exchange or acid treatment were investigated as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The original and calcined samples have been characterized by, TG-DTA, XRD and surface area measurements. The acidity of clays was determined using decomposition of isopropanol and chemisorptions of pyridine and dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic activity performance of the clays was carried out using esterification of acetic acid with n-butyl alcohol in liquid phase. The results revealed that the clays are highly active and selective towards ester formation. The activity was correlated with the strength of the acid sites.

Egyptian natural clays without cation exchange or acid treatment were investigated as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The original and calcined samples have been characterized by, TG-DTA, XRD and surface area measurements. The acidity of clays was determined using decomposition of isopropanol and chemisorptions of pyridine and dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic activity performance of the clays was carried out using esterification of acetic acid with n-butyl alcohol in liquid phase. The results revealed that the clays are highly active and selective towards ester formation. The activity was correlated with the strength of the acid sites.

Egyptian natural clays without cation exchange or acid treatment were investigated as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The original and calcined samples have been characterized by, TG-DTA, XRD and surface area measurements. The acidity of clays was determined using decomposition of isopropanol and chemisorptions of pyridine and dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic activity performance of the clays was carried out using esterification of acetic acid with n-butyl alcohol in liquid phase. The results revealed that the clays are highly active and selective towards ester formation. The activity was correlated with the strength of the acid sites.

Egyptian natural clays without cation exchange or acid treatment were investigated as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of n-butyl acetate. The original and calcined samples have been characterized by, TG-DTA, XRD and surface area measurements. The acidity of clays was determined using decomposition of isopropanol and chemisorptions of pyridine and dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic activity performance of the clays was carried out using esterification of acetic acid with n-butyl alcohol in liquid phase. The results revealed that the clays are highly active and selective towards ester formation. The activity was correlated with the strength of the acid sites.

A series of single and mixed oxides of nano CuO-NiO were prepared by thermal decomposition of the NiC2O4.2H2O and/or CuC2O4 precursors which obtained via the reaction between alcoholic metal nitrates and oxalic acid solutions. Thermal behavior of the single and mixed salts has been studied using thermal analysis (TG and DTA). Thermal products were characterized using Fouier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Electron microscopy (SEM&TEM), Nitrogen adsorption at -196oC and surface excess oxygen measurements. The results revealed that, pure NiC2O4.2H2O and CuC2O4 decomposed at 355 and 325oC, respectively. Also, it was found that the addition of NiO to CuO brought a significant increase in the degree of crystallinity of the mixed oxides which is accompanying with an increase in their particle size and a decrease in the surface area. Moreover, addition of NiO to CuO, also reduces the amount of surface excess oxygen of CuO due to a synergistic effect.

A series of single and mixed oxides of nano CuO-NiO were prepared by thermal decomposition of the NiC2O4.2H2O and/or CuC2O4 precursors which obtained via the reaction between alcoholic metal nitrates and oxalic acid solutions. Thermal behavior of the single and mixed salts has been studied using thermal analysis (TG and DTA). Thermal products were characterized using Fouier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Electron microscopy (SEM&TEM), Nitrogen adsorption at -196oC and surface excess oxygen measurements. The results revealed that, pure NiC2O4.2H2O and CuC2O4 decomposed at 355 and 325oC, respectively. Also, it was found that the addition of NiO to CuO brought a significant increase in the degree of crystallinity of the mixed oxides which is accompanying with an increase in their particle size and a decrease in the surface area. Moreover, addition of NiO to CuO, also reduces the amount of surface excess oxygen of CuO due to a synergistic effect.