Chalcogenide thin films of Se82.5Te15Sb2.5 with different thickness (50e300 nm) are prepared by thermal evaporation technique. Crystalline phases of the deposited films are identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The influence of the film thickness and annealing temperature on the structure is studied by using XRD. The XRD studies show that the crystallinity improved by increasing film thickness and annealing temperature. Furthermore, the particle size and the crystallinity increase whereas dislocation density and strain decrease with increasing both the film thickness and annealing temperature. Transmittance and reflectance of the films are measured in wavelength range 300e2500 nm. It is found that, the optical energy gap, Eg, decreases and the localized state tails, Ee, increases by increasing film thickness and annealing temperature. Dispersion of the refractive index is described using WempleeDiDomenico (WDD) single oscillator model. Dispersion parameters are calculated as a function of the film thickness and annealing temperature.

Chalcogenide thin films of Se82.5Te15Sb2.5 with different thickness (50e300 nm) are prepared by thermal evaporation technique. Crystalline phases of the deposited films are identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The influence of the film thickness and annealing temperature on the structure is studied by using XRD. The XRD studies show that the crystallinity improved by increasing film thickness and annealing temperature. Furthermore, the particle size and the crystallinity increase whereas dislocation density and strain decrease with increasing both the film thickness and annealing temperature. Transmittance and reflectance of the films are measured in wavelength range 300e2500 nm. It is found that, the optical energy gap, Eg, decreases and the localized state tails, Ee, increases by increasing film thickness and annealing temperature. Dispersion of the refractive index is described using WempleeDiDomenico (WDD) single oscillator model. Dispersion parameters are calculated as a function of the film thickness and annealing temperature.

Crystallization process of Se85-xTe15Sbx (x = 2.7, 7.5, 10 and 15 at %) chalcogenide glasses has been studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with different heating rates. These glasses are found to have a double glasses transition and overlapped crystalline phases for Se70Te15Sb15 glass while single glasses transition and single crystallization stage for other glasses. Glass transition temperature, Tg, onset crystallization temperature, Tc, and peak crystallization temperature, Tp, are found to be dependent on composition and heating rates. Values of various kinetic parameters such as activation energy of glass transition, Eg, activation energy of crystallization, Ec, Hurby number, Hr, thermal stability, Sp, rate constant, Kp, and Avrami exponent, n, are determined for the present systems. Results indicate that rate of crystallization is dependent on thermal stability and glass-forming ability. Crystallization mechanism occurs in two dimensions for studied compositions. Crystalline phases resulting from DSC and scanning electron microscopy have been identified by using X-ray diffraction.

Crystallization process of Se85-xTe15Sbx (x = 2.7, 7.5, 10 and 15 at %) chalcogenide glasses has been studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with different heating rates. These glasses are found to have a double glasses transition and overlapped crystalline phases for Se70Te15Sb15 glass while single glasses transition and single crystallization stage for other glasses. Glass transition temperature, Tg, onset crystallization temperature, Tc, and peak crystallization temperature, Tp, are found to be dependent on composition and heating rates. Values of various kinetic parameters such as activation energy of glass transition, Eg, activation energy of crystallization, Ec, Hurby number, Hr, thermal stability, Sp, rate constant, Kp, and Avrami exponent, n, are determined for the present systems. Results indicate that rate of crystallization is dependent on thermal stability and glass-forming ability. Crystallization mechanism occurs in two dimensions for studied compositions. Crystalline phases resulting from DSC and scanning electron microscopy have been identified by using X-ray diffraction.

Crystallization process of Se85-xTe15Sbx (x = 2.7, 7.5, 10 and 15 at %) chalcogenide glasses has been studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with different heating rates. These glasses are found to have a double glasses transition and overlapped crystalline phases for Se70Te15Sb15 glass while single glasses transition and single crystallization stage for other glasses. Glass transition temperature, Tg, onset crystallization temperature, Tc, and peak crystallization temperature, Tp, are found to be dependent on composition and heating rates. Values of various kinetic parameters such as activation energy of glass transition, Eg, activation energy of crystallization, Ec, Hurby number, Hr, thermal stability, Sp, rate constant, Kp, and Avrami exponent, n, are determined for the present systems. Results indicate that rate of crystallization is dependent on thermal stability and glass-forming ability. Crystallization mechanism occurs in two dimensions for studied compositions. Crystalline phases resulting from DSC and scanning electron microscopy have been identified by using X-ray diffraction.

NULL

NULL

NULL

The binding interaction between clofarabine, an important anticancer drug and two important carrier proteins found abundantly in human plasma, Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and α-1 acid glycoprotein (AAG) was investi gated by spectroscopic and molecular modeling methods. The results obtained from fluorescence quenching ex periments demonstrated that the fluorescence intensity of HSA and AAG is quenched by clofarabine and the static mode of fluorescence quenching is operative. UV–vis spectroscopy deciphered the formation of ground state com plex between anticancer drug and the two studied proteins. Clofarabine was found to bind at 298 K with both AAG and HSA with the binding constant of 8.128 × 10 and 4.120 × 10 for AAG and HSA, respectively. There is stronger interaction of clofarabine with AAG as compared to HSA. The Gibbs free energy change was found to be negative for the interaction of clofarabine with AAG and HSA indicating that the binding process is sponta neous. Binding of clofarabine with HSA and AAG induced ordered structures in both proteins and lead to molec ular compaction. Clofarabine binds to HSA near to drug site II. Hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions were the main bonding forces between HSA-clofarabine and AAG-clofarabine as revealed by docking results. This study suggests the importance of binding of anticancer drug to AAG spatially in the diseases like cancers where the plasma concentration of AAG increases many folds. Design of drug dosage can be adjusted accordingly to achieve optimal treatment outcome.

NULL