Aim: To determine the incidence of Escherichia albertii and other Escherichia species in raw milk and some dairy products in Assiut city, Egypt. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 random samples of raw milk, Damietta cheese, kareish cheese and cooking butter, (30 samples each) were collected from different localities in Assiut city, Egypt. Two media Hugh and Leifson agar (H&L) and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (E.M.B.) were used for isolation of Escherichia spp. The strains were biochemically characterized. Latex agglutination test was performed on Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed on Escherichia albertii (E. albertii) strains that were biochemically identified. Results: The incidence of Escherichia spp. was 70% on H&L medium and 59.17% on E.M.B. medium. The strains were divided into 6 species; E. coli, Escherichia (E. fergusonii), Escherichia vulneris (E. vulneris), Escherichia hermanni( E. hermanni), Escherichia blattae ( E. blattae) & Escherichia albertii( E. albertii E.albertii was isolated in an incidence of 0.83% on each medium. Three strains of E.coli were positive for E. coli O157:H7 by Latex agglutination test. One of the tested E. albertii strains was confirmed by PCR. Conclusion: Considering the fact that Escherichia species contribute to the burden of food borne illness, and since its presence in milk & milk products could be attributed to their contamination during milking, handling or processing, more hygienic measures should be applied to improve the quality of the produced milk & milk products to ensure maximum safety to consumers.

Aim: To determine the incidence of Escherichia albertii and other Escherichia species in raw milk and some dairy products in Assiut city, Egypt. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 random samples of raw milk, Damietta cheese, kareish cheese and cooking butter, (30 samples each) were collected from different localities in Assiut city, Egypt. Two media Hugh and Leifson agar (H&L) and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (E.M.B.) were used for isolation of Escherichia spp. The strains were biochemically characterized. Latex agglutination test was performed on Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed on Escherichia albertii (E. albertii) strains that were biochemically identified. Results: The incidence of Escherichia spp. was 70% on H&L medium and 59.17% on E.M.B. medium. The strains were divided into 6 species; E. coli, Escherichia (E. fergusonii), Escherichia vulneris (E. vulneris), Escherichia hermanni( E. hermanni), Escherichia blattae ( E. blattae) & Escherichia albertii( E. albertii E.albertii was isolated in an incidence of 0.83% on each medium. Three strains of E.coli were positive for E. coli O157:H7 by Latex agglutination test. One of the tested E. albertii strains was confirmed by PCR. Conclusion: Considering the fact that Escherichia species contribute to the burden of food borne illness, and since its presence in milk & milk products could be attributed to their contamination during milking, handling or processing, more hygienic measures should be applied to improve the quality of the produced milk & milk products to ensure maximum safety to consumers.

Bacillus cereus causes food-poisoning by means of enterotoxins with either emetic or diarrheal effects. Hence, psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus group occurrence in 150 ice cream samples was investigated. Mannitol-egg yolk-polymyxin B (MYP) agar medium was used as selective medium for isolation of this group. All isolates were identified by several biochemical tests. Accordingly, psychrotolerant B. cereus group was found in 32% of the total ice cream samples. Also, psychrotolerant B. cereus group count in each sample was estimated. B. thuringiensis was isolated from the examined three kinds of ice cream samples. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done by disc diffusion method using 8 different antibiotics. High resistance rate was found to ampicillin, amoxicillin, streptomycin and neomycin. Whereas, sensitive to erythromycin, chloramphenical, cephalexin and kanamycin. Therefore, the presence of B. cereus especially antibiotic resistant strains indicate poor sanitary conditions during processing which create a health risk for the consumers.

Q fever is a highly contagious zoonotic disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii. It colonizes mammary glands of cattle and is shed in milk. This study was aimed to detect C.burnetii in raw bovine milk using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A total of 100 random bovine milk samples were collected from both dairy farms and shops in Assiut City, Egypt (50 samples each). A pair of primers served to amplify a targeted 448-bp fragment of genomic DNA. Our investigation showed that 22(22%) of samples were found to be positive for C. burnetii. This result proves that cattle are an important reservoir for C.burnetii organism and raw milk may be a main source of infection to humans.

Q fever is a highly contagious zoonotic disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii. It colonizes mammary glands of cattle and is shed in milk. This study was aimed to detect C.burnetii in raw bovine milk using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A total of 100 random bovine milk samples were collected from both dairy farms and shops in Assiut City, Egypt (50 samples each). A pair of primers served to amplify a targeted 448-bp fragment of genomic DNA. Our investigation showed that 22(22%) of samples were found to be positive for C. burnetii. This result proves that cattle are an important reservoir for C.burnetii organism and raw milk may be a main source of infection to humans.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen that is difficult to identify by using current methods. This study aimed to detect S. maltophilia in raw milk and some dairy products. A total of 90 raw milk samples including dairy farms, dairy shops and street vendors (30 samples each) were examined. Also, 60 cheese samples (30 Damietta cheese and 30 Kareish cheese), 30 cream and 30 cooking butter samples were examined. Results showed that 25 and 14 Stenotrophomonas isolates were recovered from milk and some milk products samples and identified as S. maltophilia by biochemical tests and PCR assay, respectively.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen that is difficult to identify by using current methods. This study aimed to detect S. maltophilia in raw milk and some dairy products. A total of 90 raw milk samples including dairy farms, dairy shops and street vendors (30 samples each) were examined. Also, 60 cheese samples (30 Damietta cheese and 30 Kareish cheese), 30 cream and 30 cooking butter samples were examined. Results showed that 25 and 14 Stenotrophomonas isolates were recovered from milk and some milk products samples and identified as S. maltophilia by biochemical tests and PCR assay, respectively.

This study aimed to detect Burkholderia cepacia complex in raw milk samples of different dairy animals. A total of 120 raw milk samples of cow’s, buffalo’s, sheep’s and goat’s milk (30 samples each) were examined for the detection of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc). It is evident from the approved results that a total of 31 raw milk samples (25.83%) were positive, representing 5 (16.66%) of buffalo’s milk, 7 (23.33%) of cow’s milk, 10 (33.33%) of sheep’s milk and 9 (30%) of goat’s milk. Therefore, contaminated milk may serve as a potential source of infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex which can cause life-threatening pulmonary infections in patients with chronic granulomatous disease or cystic fibrosis as they are opportunistic pathogens for humans. The resistance of randomly selected 10 Bcc isolated strains to five antibiotics was determined using the disc diffusion method, all isolates exhibited resistance to more than one antibiotic.

This study aimed to detect Burkholderia cepacia complex in raw milk samples of different dairy animals. A total of 120 raw milk samples of cow’s, buffalo’s, sheep’s and goat’s milk (30 samples each) were examined for the detection of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc). It is evident from the approved results that a total of 31 raw milk samples (25.83%) were positive, representing 5 (16.66%) of buffalo’s milk, 7 (23.33%) of cow’s milk, 10 (33.33%) of sheep’s milk and 9 (30%) of goat’s milk. Therefore, contaminated milk may serve as a potential source of infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex which can cause life-threatening pulmonary infections in patients with chronic granulomatous disease or cystic fibrosis as they are opportunistic pathogens for humans. The resistance of randomly selected 10 Bcc isolated strains to five antibiotics was determined using the disc diffusion method, all isolates exhibited resistance to more than one antibiotic.

The prevalence of Enterobacter species in 300 hens’ eggs of poultry farms and farmers’ houses in Assiut and Quena cities, Egypt was determined. The 300 eggs representing 15 groups of either poultry farm or farmers’ houses eggs from each city. For each group of eggs, Enterobacter species was examined on egg shells and in contents. Regarding the shells of farm hens’ eggs, the incidence of Ent. spp. was 33.33 and 53.33%, while that of farmers’ houses hens’ eggs was 46.66 and 20% from Assiut and Quena cities, respectively. Whereas, Ent. spp. incidence in the content of farm hens’ eggs was 6.6 and 53.33% in Assiut and Quena cities, respectively. While that of farmers’ houses hens’ eggs was 46.66 of either city. The most prevalent isolated species was Ent. cloacae. The resistance of isolated strains to eight antibiotics was determined using the disc diffusion method, 25 isolates exhibited resistance to more than one antibiotic.