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The mechanism of the trimerization of alkynes in the presence of an Ir complex bearing a hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate (Tp) ligand has been studied using density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP and M06 levels. In this reaction, the initial oxidative coupling of two alkyne molecules yields an iridacyclopentadiene intermediate, which reacts with a third alkyne molecule to give a benzene TpIr complex. There are two possible mechanisms for the formation of the benzene complex in this reaction, including the intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition and Schore mechanisms. The formation of unsubstituted benzene was initially investigated using acetylene molecules, and then the oxidative coupling reaction of 1,4-dimethyl- 2-butyne-1,4-dioate (CH3OCOCCCOOCH3) followed by the formation of the substituted benzene complex with 2-butyne (H3CCCCH3) was studied. It has been possible to clarify the favorable reaction pathway and the effects of different substituents on the reaction mechanism. In the unsubstituted reaction of acetylene the [4+2] cycloaddition is more favorable than the Schore mechanism, whereas the reaction could proceed only via the Schore mechanism in the reactions involving substituted alkynes because of the effect of the substituents. Notably, the effects of additional water molecules on the stability of the reaction intermediates were also evaluated because the water complexes of several intermediates have been experimentally isolated and identified.

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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a hematopoietic growth factor, is a standard supportive therapy given during cancer treatment. It induces acceleration in neutrophil recovery through stimulation of mobilization of hematopoietic progenitors. Given that the latter is also induced by chemotherapy itself, the timing of administration of G-CSF postchemotherapy might impact the resultant overall effects. The present study aimed to determine the optimal timing of G-CSF postchemotherapy to exert its optimal effects on the immune cell recovery and its impact on antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell response. B6 mice were treated once with cyclophosphamide (4 mg/mouse; CTX) and then daily with G-CSF (5 g/mouse) from Days 1-5, 2-5 or 5-9 post-CTX treatment. The total numbers of various immune cell types were analyzed on Days 7, 9 and 12 post-CTX treatment. To evaluate effects on CD8+ T-cell response, a pmel-1 transgenic mouse model was used in combination with prime boost peptide vaccination therapy. The total number of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells (DC) were significantly increased after G-CSF treatment in particular when G-CSF was administered from Days 2-5 post-CTX treatment. Application of this timing of G-CSF and CTX treatment after adoptive transfer of T-cells followed by prime-boost vaccination with antigenic peptide did not block the expansion of the donor pmel-1 CD8+ T-cells. In conclusion, adjusting the timing of treatment with G-CSF postchemotherapy can optimize its promoting effects on recovery of myeloid cells without altering the associated antigen-specific immunity.

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The Hermite matrix polynomials have been generalized in a number of ways and many of these generalizations have been shown to be important tools in applications. In this paper we introduce a new generalization of the Hermite matrix polynomials and present the recurrence relations and the expansions of these new generalized Hermite matrix polynomials. We also give new series expansions of the matrix functions exp(xB), sin(xB), cos(xB), sinh(xB) and cosh(xB) in terms of these generalized Hermite matrix polynomials and thus prove that many of the seemingly different generalizations of the Hermite matrix polynomials may be viewed as particular cases of the two-variable polynomials introduced here. The generalized Chebyshev and Legendre matrix polynomials have also been introduced in this paper in terms of these generalized Hermite matrix polynomials.

The main purpose of this paper is to define a new extension of Hermite-Hermite matrix polynomials (HHMP) and derive some properties such as recurrence relations and matrix differential equation for generalized Hermite-Hermite matrix polynomials. We derive addition and multiplication theorem, and summation formula for generalized HHMP. Furthermore, via integral transform, the new families of Chebyshev-Chebyshev, Legendre-Legendre, Chebyshev-Hermite and Legendre-Hermite matrix polynomials are introduced, from which a variety of interesting results follows as special cases.