In this study, a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) loaded with molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was prepared via a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared MoS2/ZIF-8 composite displayed a mesoporous structure with a BET surface area of 19.13 m2 g−1 and a mean pore diameter of 9.33 nm. The as-prepared ZIF-8 and MoS2/ZIF-8 composite were utilized as adsorbents for cationic dye from aqueous solution, and methylene blue (MB) dye was used as a pollutant model. The effects of pH, contact time, initial dye concentrations, adsorbent doses, and temperature on the adsorption efficiency were investigated. The adsorption study confirmed that the MoS2/ZIF-8 composite displayed higher adsorption capacity toward MB dye than that achieved with pristine ZIF-8. Moreover, the adsorption of MB dye onto ZIF-8 and the MoS2/ZIF-8 composite is an endothermic process. The adsorption kinetics confirmed that the …