Low birth weight is associated with both short term problems and the fetal programming of adult onset diseases, including an increased risk of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Placental insufficiency leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) contributes to the prevalence of diseases with developmental origins. Currently there are no therapies for IUGR or placental insufficiency. To address this and move towards development of an in utero therapy, we employ a nanostructure delivery system complexed with the IGF-1 gene to treat the placenta. IGF-1 is a growth factor critical to achieving appropriate placental and fetal growth. Delivery of genes to a model of human trophoblast and mouse placenta was achieved using a diblock copolymer (pHPMA-b-pDMAEMA) complexed to hIGF-1 plasmid DNA under the control of trophoblast-specific promoters (Cyp19a or PLAC1). Transfection efficiency of pEGFP-C1-containing nanocarriers in BeWo cells and non-trophoblast cells was visually assessed via fluorescence microscopy. In vivo transfection and functionality was assessed by direct placental-injection into a mouse model of IUGR. Complexes formed using pHPMA-b-pDMAEMA and CYP19a-923 or PLAC1-modified plasmids induce trophoblast-selective transgene expression in vitro, and placental injection of PLAC1-hIGF-1 produces measurable RNA expression and alleviates IUGR in our mouse model, consequently representing innovative building blocks towards human placental gene therapies.

Abstract- Recent clinical and pre-clinical data demonstrate that adjuvant antimicrobial therapy is beneficial in cancer treatment. For the first time, an electrochemical method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of acyclovir (ACV) and methotrexate (MTX) at activated or electropretreated pencil graphite electrode (EPPEG). Their simultaneous determination was achieved by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive square wave voltammetry (AdSWV) techniques. The proposed sensor has a wide linear range of 2×10 -7 to 1.4×10 -6 M for MTX and 5×10 -7 to 3×10 -6 M for ACV. The limits of detection (LOD) values were found 1.13×10-8 M and 6.07×10-8 M for MTX and ACV, respectively. The proposed method was applied in their pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. In addition the proposed method could be applied in pharmaceutical laboratories and quality control analysis in the near future.

Abstract- Recent clinical and pre-clinical data demonstrate that adjuvant antimicrobial therapy is beneficial in cancer treatment. For the first time, an electrochemical method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of acyclovir (ACV) and methotrexate (MTX) at activated or electropretreated pencil graphite electrode (EPPEG). Their simultaneous determination was achieved by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive square wave voltammetry (AdSWV) techniques. The proposed sensor has a wide linear range of 2×10 -7 to 1.4×10 -6 M for MTX and 5×10 -7 to 3×10 -6 M for ACV. The limits of detection (LOD) values were found 1.13×10-8 M and 6.07×10-8 M for MTX and ACV, respectively. The proposed method was applied in their pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. In addition the proposed method could be applied in pharmaceutical laboratories and quality control analysis in the near future.

Abstract- Recent clinical and pre-clinical data demonstrate that adjuvant antimicrobial therapy is beneficial in cancer treatment. For the first time, an electrochemical method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of acyclovir (ACV) and methotrexate (MTX) at activated or electropretreated pencil graphite electrode (EPPEG). Their simultaneous determination was achieved by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive square wave voltammetry (AdSWV) techniques. The proposed sensor has a wide linear range of 2×10 -7 to 1.4×10 -6 M for MTX and 5×10 -7 to 3×10 -6 M for ACV. The limits of detection (LOD) values were found 1.13×10-8 M and 6.07×10-8 M for MTX and ACV, respectively. The proposed method was applied in their pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. In addition the proposed method could be applied in pharmaceutical laboratories and quality control analysis in the near future.

Abstract- Recent clinical and pre-clinical data demonstrate that adjuvant antimicrobial therapy is beneficial in cancer treatment. For the first time, an electrochemical method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of acyclovir (ACV) and methotrexate (MTX) at activated or electropretreated pencil graphite electrode (EPPEG). Their simultaneous determination was achieved by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive square wave voltammetry (AdSWV) techniques. The proposed sensor has a wide linear range of 2×10 -7 to 1.4×10 -6 M for MTX and 5×10 -7 to 3×10 -6 M for ACV. The limits of detection (LOD) values were found 1.13×10-8 M and 6.07×10-8 M for MTX and ACV, respectively. The proposed method was applied in their pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. In addition the proposed method could be applied in pharmaceutical laboratories and quality control analysis in the near future.

Punica granatum L. var. nana (ornamental pomegranate) belongs to family Punicaceae. It is popularly planted in gardens for ornament. The root, stem bark and to a lesser extent fruit rind of the edible pomegranate had been commonly used as a vermifugal or taenicidal agent on tapeworms. By reviewing the literature, no botanical studies were done on Punica grantum L. var. nana, so this study aims for characterization and identification of this plant in both entire and powdered forms.

Punica granatum L. var. nana (ornamental pomegranate) belongs to family Punicaceae. It is popularly planted in gardens for ornament. The root, stem bark and to a lesser extent fruit rind of the edible pomegranate had been commonly used as a vermifugal or taenicidal agent on tapeworms. By reviewing the literature, no botanical studies were done on Punica grantum L. var. nana, so this study aims for characterization and identification of this plant in both entire and powdered forms.

Punica granatum L. var. nana (ornamental pomegranate) belongs to family Punicaceae. It is popularly planted in gardens for ornament. The root, stem bark and to a lesser extent fruit rind of the edible pomegranate had been commonly used as a vermifugal or taenicidal agent on tapeworms. By reviewing the literature, no botanical studies were done on Punica grantum L. var. nana, so this study aims for characterization and identification of this plant in both entire and powdered forms.

Punica granatum L. var. nana (ornamental pomegranate) belongs to family Punicaceae. It is popularly planted in gardens for ornament. The root, stem bark and to a lesser extent fruit rind of the edible pomegranate had been commonly used as a vermifugal or taenicidal agent on tapeworms. By reviewing the literature, no botanical studies were done on Punica grantum L. var. nana, so this study aims for characterization and identification of this plant in both entire and powdered forms.

Chromatographic fractionation of the alcoholic extract of leaves of Punica granatum L. var. nana (Punicaceae) resulted in the isolation and identification of nine compounds, three of them are firstly reported in the family: β-amyrin (1), corosolic acid (4) and luteolin-7-O-(6``-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucoside (9) in addition to β-sitosterol (2), ursolic acid (3), friedelin (5), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 2-methyl-pyran-4-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosid (7), luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (8). Their structures were established by various spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC and UV spectroscopy) as well as comparison with authentic samples. Biological studies of different extracts of P. granatum L. var. nana (ornamental pomegranate) in comparison with P. granatum L. (edible pomegranate) showed that the extracts of edible pomegranate have slightly higher antioxidant activity than the corresponding extracts of the ornamental one using DPPH assay, while the extracts of ornamental pomegranate have higher anti-inflammatory activity than corresponding extracts of the edible one using carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema model.