Peripheral venous cannulation is the commonest method used for intravenous therapy. There are numerous well recognized indications such as intravenous fluids, limited parenteral nutrition, blood and blood products, drug administration (continuous or intermittent). The aim of the present study is 3-folds: the first is to assess nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy, the second is to design nursing protocol for nurses about intravenous therapy and the third is to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy. Hypotheses: Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will be exposed to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will be exposed to a designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Aquasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study on a convenient sample of 55 nurses. The study will be conducted in general medical departments (B and C) and blood diseases unite of Assiut university hospital. Tools: utilize for data collection were a) Questionnaire sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results: The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores were found after the implementing of designed nursing protocol. The third hypothesis was supported as a negative relationship was found between nurse's knowledge and practice scores immediately after application of the designed nursing protocol. Conclusion: implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy shows a significant improvement in nurses' knowledge and practice. Recommendation: Continued nursing education and in-service training programs should be well organized within Assiut University Hospital.

Peripheral venous cannulation is the commonest method used for intravenous therapy. There are numerous well recognized indications such as intravenous fluids, limited parenteral nutrition, blood and blood products, drug administration (continuous or intermittent). The aim of the present study is 3-folds: the first is to assess nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy, the second is to design nursing protocol for nurses about intravenous therapy and the third is to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy. Hypotheses: Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will be exposed to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will be exposed to a designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Aquasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study on a convenient sample of 55 nurses. The study will be conducted in general medical departments (B and C) and blood diseases unite of Assiut university hospital. Tools: utilize for data collection were a) Questionnaire sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results: The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores were found after the implementing of designed nursing protocol. The third hypothesis was supported as a negative relationship was found between nurse's knowledge and practice scores immediately after application of the designed nursing protocol. Conclusion: implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy shows a significant improvement in nurses' knowledge and practice. Recommendation: Continued nursing education and in-service training programs should be well organized within Assiut University Hospital.

Peripheral venous cannulation is the commonest method used for intravenous therapy. There are numerous well recognized indications such as intravenous fluids, limited parenteral nutrition, blood and blood products, drug administration (continuous or intermittent). The aim of the present study is 3-folds: the first is to assess nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy, the second is to design nursing protocol for nurses about intravenous therapy and the third is to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy. Hypotheses: Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will be exposed to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will be exposed to a designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Aquasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study on a convenient sample of 55 nurses. The study will be conducted in general medical departments (B and C) and blood diseases unite of Assiut university hospital. Tools: utilize for data collection were a) Questionnaire sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results: The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores were found after the implementing of designed nursing protocol. The third hypothesis was supported as a negative relationship was found between nurse's knowledge and practice scores immediately after application of the designed nursing protocol. Conclusion: implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy shows a significant improvement in nurses' knowledge and practice. Recommendation: Continued nursing education and in-service training programs should be well organized within Assiut University Hospital.

Peripheral venous cannulation is the commonest method used for intravenous therapy. There are numerous well recognized indications such as intravenous fluids, limited parenteral nutrition, blood and blood products, drug administration (continuous or intermittent). The aim of the present study is 3-folds: the first is to assess nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy, the second is to design nursing protocol for nurses about intravenous therapy and the third is to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy. Hypotheses: Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will be exposed to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will be exposed to a designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Aquasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study on a convenient sample of 55 nurses. The study will be conducted in general medical departments (B and C) and blood diseases unite of Assiut university hospital. Tools: utilize for data collection were a) Questionnaire sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results: The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores were found after the implementing of designed nursing protocol. The third hypothesis was supported as a negative relationship was found between nurse's knowledge and practice scores immediately after application of the designed nursing protocol. Conclusion: implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding intravenous therapy shows a significant improvement in nurses' knowledge and practice. Recommendation: Continued nursing education and in-service training programs should be well organized within Assiut University Hospital.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the levels of breast cancer awareness among Saudi females, and to compare between house wives and employees women regarding knowledge and practical of breast cancer. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 300 women in Taif city. Data were collected using a self administrated questionnaire which included questions on socio-demographic data, knowledge of risk factors of breast cancer, breast self examination, clinical breast examination and awareness of mammogram. Results: Age of respondents was 16 to 45years, employee (51%), educated (90%) and married (71%). The majority had good knowledge about risk factors of breast cancer and breast self examination (93.3%, 87% respectively) and indicated TV, magazines and breast cancer campaigns as their source of information (33.7%, 29% respectively). No significant difference between employees, house wives and students, regarding breast cancer knowledge (p≥0.05). 73.3% of women were unaware of clinical breast exam and 80.3% of mammogram. Conclusion: Most women were aware of risk factors of breast cancer. However, the knowledge about clinical breast examination and awareness of mammogram were inadequate. It is recommended that the level of knowledge should be raised among women, especially breast cancer screen procedure CBE, and mammogram.

Abstract: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most commonly used imaging modality in the evaluation of knee injuries. Aim Of Study: Was to demonstrate the diagnostic value of MRI in diagnosing the presence or absence of the most common injuries of the knee; the meniscus tears, the cruciate ligament ruptures and their relation with the age and sex of the patients in taif -hospital Saudi Arabia, and investigate role of the nurse in preparing patient for MRI. Methods: Retrospective study was performed in the period from Sep 2013 to Oct 2014. One hundred and fifty patients' medical records, who presented with various knee joint problems, referred from Orthopedic and Rheumatology Departments in king Abdul Aziz Specialist hospital after physical examination. Moreover, fifteen out of twenty ( 75 %) nurses working at the same above setting were included in the study. Tool Of Study: An observation checklist, for data collection from medical records, in addition , designed questioner for nurses' participated about MRI procedure . Results: The most common age 10-29 y, and male represent 72.7%. Swelling and pain (35.3%) more common Clinical diagnosis, followed by Joint effusion (24.7) , there are statistical significance difference between Clinical diagnosis and MRI finding P=0.00,Also statistical significance difference between MRI finding with age and sex P≤0.05. Most of nurses perform patient preparation before MRI reasonably , but more than half of the nurses have poor performance regarding patient preparation during and after procedure. Conclusion And Recommendation: MRI can accurately diagnose the ligament and meniscal injuries of knee joint, which is an ideal technique in the diagnosis of ligament injuries of knee joint. In service training is essential for all nurses working at KAASH.

obacco control represents a key area in which nurses can make a significant positive impact on their patients’ lives. Despite this fact, however, nurses in certain countries are known to smoke tobacco at rates similar to or even exceeding those seen within the general population. The aim of the present study was to: 1) Identify factors that contribute for smoking among Saudi nurses in selected hospitals. 2) Explore the effects of smoking in the nurses' health status & 3) Estimate the nurses' desire for quitting smoking. Method(s): Descriptive cross-sectional study using, a calculated sample of 200 Saudi nurses, were chosen by systematic random method from king Fahad hospital in Alkhobar (60 nurses); Maternity & Children Hospital in Makkah (100 nurses) & King Faisal Hospital in Taif (40). Tool of data collection: An interview questionnaire sheet, - Data on smoking profile, Questions about desired for smoking,, Question about previous smoking cessation trials & intention to quit smoking. Results: Results of the present study revealed that, Most of sample age range between 20-30(64%) years old, single women represent the highest percentage smoker 48% then married women 38%, half of the sample have the reason of smoking represented in the friends & 58% reported that, the increased of desire of smoking with the friends, majority of the nurses (90%) are used to smoke more than 7 cigarettes per day, & majority of the Smoking Saudi Nurses have the desire for quitting (80%). Conclusions & Recommendations: The present study concluded that smoking prevalence was relatively high among our hospital workers. The study was the first to explore smoking-related attitudes and behavior among the hospital nurses in Saudi Arabia. The findings indicate a critical need for raising healthcare Providers’ preparedness for implementing smoking cessation interventions in hospital settings and there is a need for higher quality evidence to determine with confidence all the health effects of tobacco smoking.

The importance of knowing what patients’ perceive as caring behaviors is a key element to providing compassionate nursing care. The purpose for this study was to identify medical-surgical patients' perceptions of caring behaviors among nurses in Assiut University Hospital. Method(s): A convenience sample of 100 patients was taken from Medical-Surgical units in Assiut University Hospital and participated in this study by accepting and completing the demographics questionnaire, and the Caring Behavior Assessment (CBA) questionnaire. Results: The findings from this study indicated that all (100%) of the respondents were dissatisfied with all aspects of nursing care they received. The top first six of the CBA items are ranked by patient participants as the most important caring behaviors were belonging to HumanismFaith-HopeSensitive subscale, Human Needs Assistance, and Supportive/Protective/ Corrective Environment subscale. Item analysis of patients’ responses on CBA scale revealed that six out of fourteen least important caring behaviors was belonged to Helping/Trust subscale and TeachingLearning subscale. This study also demonstrated that the patient satisfaction was relevant to the nurses caring behaviors. Conclusions & Recommendations: The study concluded that the age, gender, Marital Status, educational level and Hospitalization Experience variables were factors that influenced on the judgment of hospitalized patients regarding their level of satisfaction with the nursing care. This study also demonstrated that the patient satisfaction was relevant to the nurses caring behaviors. Therefore, creating a caring environment and improving the nurses’ caring behaviors may improve the patient quality of care and that will finally improve the patients’ satisfaction.

The importance of knowing what patients’ perceive as caring behaviors is a key element to providing compassionate nursing care. The purpose for this study was to identify medical-surgical patients' perceptions of caring behaviors among nurses in Assiut University Hospital. Method(s): A convenience sample of 100 patients was taken from Medical-Surgical units in Assiut University Hospital and participated in this study by accepting and completing the demographics questionnaire, and the Caring Behavior Assessment (CBA) questionnaire. Results: The findings from this study indicated that all (100%) of the respondents were dissatisfied with all aspects of nursing care they received. The top first six of the CBA items are ranked by patient participants as the most important caring behaviors were belonging to HumanismFaith-HopeSensitive subscale, Human Needs Assistance, and Supportive/Protective/ Corrective Environment subscale. Item analysis of patients’ responses on CBA scale revealed that six out of fourteen least important caring behaviors was belonged to Helping/Trust subscale and TeachingLearning subscale. This study also demonstrated that the patient satisfaction was relevant to the nurses caring behaviors. Conclusions & Recommendations: The study concluded that the age, gender, Marital Status, educational level and Hospitalization Experience variables were factors that influenced on the judgment of hospitalized patients regarding their level of satisfaction with the nursing care. This study also demonstrated that the patient satisfaction was relevant to the nurses caring behaviors. Therefore, creating a caring environment and improving the nurses’ caring behaviors may improve the patient quality of care and that will finally improve the patients’ satisfaction.

Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). PEW is one of the strongest predictors of mortality in patients with CKD. Malnutrition is Prevalent among Hemodialysis Patients (HDP) in Taif, Saudi Arabia. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of knowledge of dialysis patient about protein intake and to examine the impact of educational program on protein balance. A convenient sample of 40 patients (male and female) attended at dialysis unit at King Abdul-Aziz Specialized Taif- Hospital will be recruited. Inclusion criteria: Hemodialysis within one year and having a low albumin level. Each participant was asked to fill two questionnaires; one designed for demographics data and the other is designed for assessing knowledge level about protein intake. Nutritional status using anthropometrics measure and biochemical tests were examined before and after providing an educational program. Such examinations were done monthly and up to three months. Results Showed that significant differences in patients' outcomes regarding protein intakes, albumin levels, urea, creatinine and anthropometric measures Conclusion and Recommendations: Providing one-to-one nutrition education in current study was followed by an improvement in patients’ nutritional knowledge, practice and their compliance with dietary guidelines for the dialysis patient, so it was recommended to set up multidisciplinary, collective and individual interventions in order to improve understanding of the effects of education in regular bases.