Background: The aim of the study was : To assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, to design nursing care protocol for nurses, and to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Quasiexperimental research design was utilized in this study. Tools: Three tools were utilized for data collection were a) structured interview sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores. Conclusion: implementing of designed nursing protocol showed a significant improvement in nurses` knowledge and practice. Recommendations: Nurses are in need for in-service training programs and refreshing courses to improve their knowledge.

Background: The aim of the study was : To assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, to design nursing care protocol for nurses, and to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Quasiexperimental research design was utilized in this study. Tools: Three tools were utilized for data collection were a) structured interview sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores. Conclusion: implementing of designed nursing protocol showed a significant improvement in nurses` knowledge and practice. Recommendations: Nurses are in need for in-service training programs and refreshing courses to improve their knowledge.

Background: The aim of the study was : To assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, to design nursing care protocol for nurses, and to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Quasiexperimental research design was utilized in this study. Tools: Three tools were utilized for data collection were a) structured interview sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores. Conclusion: implementing of designed nursing protocol showed a significant improvement in nurses` knowledge and practice. Recommendations: Nurses are in need for in-service training programs and refreshing courses to improve their knowledge.

Background: The aim of the study was : To assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, to design nursing care protocol for nurses, and to evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) the post mean knowledge scores of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean knowledge scores. (2) The post mean practice score of nurses who will expose to designed nursing protocol will be higher than their pre mean practice scores. (3) A positive relationship will exist between knowledge and practice score obtained by nurses receiving the designed nursing protocol. Research design: Quasiexperimental research design was utilized in this study. Tools: Three tools were utilized for data collection were a) structured interview sheet. b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores. Conclusion: implementing of designed nursing protocol showed a significant improvement in nurses` knowledge and practice. Recommendations: Nurses are in need for in-service training programs and refreshing courses to improve their knowledge.

The health benefits of physical activity and exercise are well documented and these effects could help people with schizophrenia. Therefore the aim of this study was to design, implement and evaluate advanced physical exercise program as nursing intervention to improve outcome of management plan for schizophrenic patients. It was carried out at the psychiatric inpatient unit of the department of Neurology and Psychiatry at Assiut University Hospital and Assiut mental health hospital. The study included one hundred patients with schizophrenic disorders diagnosed according to DSM-5, and They were randomly assigned to 45 mint of physical activities. They were classified into two subgroups. One of them as experimental group (No=50) and others as a control group(No=50). Four tools were used as Socio Economic Assessment scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Arabic version of Offer, Ostrave and Haward’s self image questionnaire, Nurse’s Observation Rating Scale for inpatient evaluation scale. The experimental group receive three time per week for one months physical activity program . Started from first of September 2012 to the end of August 2013. The program evaluated through pre and immediate post test. The main results concluded that the experimental and control group aged from 20 to 60 years old with mean score 33.4± 11.06 and 30.96±10.04 respectively. 60% presents of experimental group were single and 70% of control group were single, 48% and 44% respectively experimental and control group not working. 60% of experimental group and 63.2% at secondary school level of education, while 80% and 82% of experimental and control group respectively had middle socioeconomic statues. Also the results illustrate that 74% of patients of experimental groups were males and 26% were female. There were statistically significant difference in total PANSS, NORS, and self concepts between pre and post experimental and control group. The study concluded that the mental health for schizophrenic patients and self concepts improved by physical activity as nursing intervention, also the needs of care of schizophrenic patients reduced. The study recommended that develop psychiatric policy by provision of new trained to apply physical exercise as nursing intervention to be addressed in treatment of schizophrenic patients.

The health benefits of physical activity and exercise are well documented and these effects could help people with schizophrenia. Therefore the aim of this study was to design, implement and evaluate advanced physical exercise program as nursing intervention to improve outcome of management plan for schizophrenic patients. It was carried out at the psychiatric inpatient unit of the department of Neurology and Psychiatry at Assiut University Hospital and Assiut mental health hospital. The study included one hundred patients with schizophrenic disorders diagnosed according to DSM-5, and They were randomly assigned to 45 mint of physical activities. They were classified into two subgroups. One of them as experimental group (No=50) and others as a control group(No=50). Four tools were used as Socio Economic Assessment scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Arabic version of Offer, Ostrave and Haward’s self image questionnaire, Nurse’s Observation Rating Scale for inpatient evaluation scale. The experimental group receive three time per week for one months physical activity program . Started from first of September 2012 to the end of August 2013. The program evaluated through pre and immediate post test. The main results concluded that the experimental and control group aged from 20 to 60 years old with mean score 33.4± 11.06 and 30.96±10.04 respectively. 60% presents of experimental group were single and 70% of control group were single, 48% and 44% respectively experimental and control group not working. 60% of experimental group and 63.2% at secondary school level of education, while 80% and 82% of experimental and control group respectively had middle socioeconomic statues. Also the results illustrate that 74% of patients of experimental groups were males and 26% were female. There were statistically significant difference in total PANSS, NORS, and self concepts between pre and post experimental and control group. The study concluded that the mental health for schizophrenic patients and self concepts improved by physical activity as nursing intervention, also the needs of care of schizophrenic patients reduced. The study recommended that develop psychiatric policy by provision of new trained to apply physical exercise as nursing intervention to be addressed in treatment of schizophrenic patients.

The study aimed to investigate burden and coping strategies among caregivers of patients with mood disorder and examine the relationship between them. A descriptive correlational design was utilized. The study was carried out at inpatient unit at neuropsychiatry and neurosurgical hospital at Assiut University. The sample comprised of 100 caregivers of patients with mood disorder. Tools of study comprised of personal data questionnaire, mood disorder burden index and ways of coping questionnaire. Results: The highest mean scores of burden of exhibited specific behaviors by patients were related to sleeping too much, there were too many thoughts running through patients' head and they were more talkative than usual. The highest mean scores of coping strategies were related to self-controlling, positive reappraisal and seeking social support respectively. Self-controlling, planful problem solving and positive reappraisal were positively and significantly correlated with frequency of exhibited specific behaviors by patients. Conclusion: Caregivers experienced high mean scores of burden related to the frequency of symptoms exhibited by patients. The highest mean scores of coping strategies utilized by them were related to self-controlling, positive reappraisal and seeking social support. Self-controlling, planful problem solving and positive reappraisal were positively and significantly correlated with some of exhibited specific behaviors by patients. Recommendations: Designing and implementing psychoeducational programs are essential for caregivers of patients with mood disorders.

The study aimed to investigate burden and coping strategies among caregivers of patients with mood disorder and examine the relationship between them. A descriptive correlational design was utilized. The study was carried out at inpatient unit at neuropsychiatry and neurosurgical hospital at Assiut University. The sample comprised of 100 caregivers of patients with mood disorder. Tools of study comprised of personal data questionnaire, mood disorder burden index and ways of coping questionnaire. Results: The highest mean scores of burden of exhibited specific behaviors by patients were related to sleeping too much, there were too many thoughts running through patients' head and they were more talkative than usual. The highest mean scores of coping strategies were related to self-controlling, positive reappraisal and seeking social support respectively. Self-controlling, planful problem solving and positive reappraisal were positively and significantly correlated with frequency of exhibited specific behaviors by patients. Conclusion: Caregivers experienced high mean scores of burden related to the frequency of symptoms exhibited by patients. The highest mean scores of coping strategies utilized by them were related to self-controlling, positive reappraisal and seeking social support. Self-controlling, planful problem solving and positive reappraisal were positively and significantly correlated with some of exhibited specific behaviors by patients. Recommendations: Designing and implementing psychoeducational programs are essential for caregivers of patients with mood disorders.

Abstract: Objectives: To test if combining positive results of sequential magnified naked-eye examination (MNEE) and visual inspection of cervix after application of acetic acid (VIA) would increase diagnostic indices for precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions in comparison to the gold standard positive Pap test in a developing country set up. A secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse training and patient acceptance of this screening approach. Design: An analytic cross-sectional research design Setting: Gynecology and infertility out-patient clinics of the departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Woman’s Health University hospital, Assiut University, Egypt. Materials and methods: A total of 445 non-pregnant women aged between 17 and 44 years were counseled and entered this study. They were subjected to MNEE after cleaning of the cervix with 0.9% saline, exfoliative cytology and lastly VIA. Positive results were evaluated and managed accordingly. Colposcopy with or without subsequent cervical biopsy were done in all positive cases of MNEE, VIA and Pap smear. Main outcome measures included diagnostic accuracy of VIA alone versus VIA and MNEE as compared to cytology. Results: This study comprised 445 non pregnant women in the reproductive age. The main complaint was abnormal vaginal discharge in 403 cases (89.6%) . MNEE of the cervix indicated that 338 women (75.1%) and 112 women (24.9%) had healthy and unhealthy-looking cervices respectively. Pap smear sampling was negative for premalignant or malignancy in 377 cases (83.8%).VIA test findings were positive in 77 cases ( 17.3% ) and negative in 368 cases (82.6% ) All diagnostic indices increased significantly after combing MNEE and VIA positive results except negative predicative value if compared to VIA positive results alone as an alternative to the standard Pap smear. Nurses proved high level of skill in performing cervical cytology, MNEE and VIA as proved by lower rate of unsatisfactory results. Patient acceptability was very high after proper counseling. Conclusions: Sequential MNEE and VIA would improve most of diagnostic indices as an alternative diagnostic tool to the gold standard Pap smearing for detection of abnormal precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions. This simplified cheap approach with high percentage of patient acceptability would help expanding screening programs in countries were Pap smear is poorly available. Being performed by doctors as well as trained nurses on one-stop base is a clear advantage. More large sample sized studies on the cost-effectiveness of this approach versus colposcopically-guided positive histopathology are recommended before its universal spread

Abstract: Objectives: To test if combining positive results of sequential magnified naked-eye examination (MNEE) and visual inspection of cervix after application of acetic acid (VIA) would increase diagnostic indices for precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions in comparison to the gold standard positive Pap test in a developing country set up. A secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse training and patient acceptance of this screening approach. Design: An analytic cross-sectional research design Setting: Gynecology and infertility out-patient clinics of the departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Woman’s Health University hospital, Assiut University, Egypt. Materials and methods: A total of 445 non-pregnant women aged between 17 and 44 years were counseled and entered this study. They were subjected to MNEE after cleaning of the cervix with 0.9% saline, exfoliative cytology and lastly VIA. Positive results were evaluated and managed accordingly. Colposcopy with or without subsequent cervical biopsy were done in all positive cases of MNEE, VIA and Pap smear. Main outcome measures included diagnostic accuracy of VIA alone versus VIA and MNEE as compared to cytology. Results: This study comprised 445 non pregnant women in the reproductive age. The main complaint was abnormal vaginal discharge in 403 cases (89.6%) . MNEE of the cervix indicated that 338 women (75.1%) and 112 women (24.9%) had healthy and unhealthy-looking cervices respectively. Pap smear sampling was negative for premalignant or malignancy in 377 cases (83.8%).VIA test findings were positive in 77 cases ( 17.3% ) and negative in 368 cases (82.6% ) All diagnostic indices increased significantly after combing MNEE and VIA positive results except negative predicative value if compared to VIA positive results alone as an alternative to the standard Pap smear. Nurses proved high level of skill in performing cervical cytology, MNEE and VIA as proved by lower rate of unsatisfactory results. Patient acceptability was very high after proper counseling. Conclusions: Sequential MNEE and VIA would improve most of diagnostic indices as an alternative diagnostic tool to the gold standard Pap smearing for detection of abnormal precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions. This simplified cheap approach with high percentage of patient acceptability would help expanding screening programs in countries were Pap smear is poorly available. Being performed by doctors as well as trained nurses on one-stop base is a clear advantage. More large sample sized studies on the cost-effectiveness of this approach versus colposcopically-guided positive histopathology are recommended before its universal spread