Background: Malnutrition of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD), is frequent and associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Nutritional status is frequently ignored in many dialysis centers while simple methods of nutritional assessment could have a favorable impact on patient management. Aims: To assess the nutritional status of patients undergoing hemodialysis and to assess the severity of malnutrition among those patients. Research Design: A cross-sectional study conducted to assess the nutritional status and prevalence of malnutrition among patients undergoing hemodialysis Sample: A total number of 478 patients from the three dialysis units at general hospitals in Assiut city /Egypt were included in the study Method: Data was collected through the direct and indirect methods which include personal, diet, and health questions, diet and fluid compliance, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Anthropometric measurements and Laboratory evaluation. Results: regarding patient fluid guidelines . They were at lowest point of omitting fluid guidelines thus; their deviations from fluid plan were also low. Considering that the possible range of total SGA scores falls between 7-35, Consistent with this result, the majority of patients (85. %) scored were moderate to severe level of malnutrition. The means for anthropometric measure were revealed normal scores. Albumin was at low level, but cholesterol level was at the optimal level. However, haemoglobin concentrations represented by the hematocrit percent revealed a deviated mean from normal values. Conclusion: Most of the patients in this study had moderate to severe level of malnutrition, low albumen and hematocrit. For prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of malnutrition in patients with end stage of renal disease undergoing hemodialysis, continuous educational programs should be organized in order to educate patients with chronic renal failure who are on hemodialysis for correction of malnutrition; in addition, periodic nutrition assessment and provision of a detailed diet plan for each patient is very helpful.

Background: Malnutrition of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD), is frequent and associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Nutritional status is frequently ignored in many dialysis centers while simple methods of nutritional assessment could have a favorable impact on patient management. Aims: To assess the nutritional status of patients undergoing hemodialysis and to assess the severity of malnutrition among those patients. Research Design: A cross-sectional study conducted to assess the nutritional status and prevalence of malnutrition among patients undergoing hemodialysis Sample: A total number of 478 patients from the three dialysis units at general hospitals in Assiut city /Egypt were included in the study Method: Data was collected through the direct and indirect methods which include personal, diet, and health questions, diet and fluid compliance, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Anthropometric measurements and Laboratory evaluation. Results: regarding patient fluid guidelines . They were at lowest point of omitting fluid guidelines thus; their deviations from fluid plan were also low. Considering that the possible range of total SGA scores falls between 7-35, Consistent with this result, the majority of patients (85. %) scored were moderate to severe level of malnutrition. The means for anthropometric measure were revealed normal scores. Albumin was at low level, but cholesterol level was at the optimal level. However, haemoglobin concentrations represented by the hematocrit percent revealed a deviated mean from normal values. Conclusion: Most of the patients in this study had moderate to severe level of malnutrition, low albumen and hematocrit. For prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of malnutrition in patients with end stage of renal disease undergoing hemodialysis, continuous educational programs should be organized in order to educate patients with chronic renal failure who are on hemodialysis for correction of malnutrition; in addition, periodic nutrition assessment and provision of a detailed diet plan for each patient is very helpful.

Aim: To investigate the effect of teaching program on chemotherapy outcome for cancer elderly patients. Quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. The study was conducted in oncology out-patient clinics at Assiut University Hospitals. The sample of this study included (50) elderly patients suffering from cancer diseases, the sample taking randomized during year 2014. Two tools were used in this study; the first includes socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, residence, marital status and level of education). The second tool was used to assess the knowledge of cancer elderly patients about chemotherapy, side effects and prevention & control, by using true & false and multiple choice questions. Results: It was found that 78% of the study participants were aged (60-70years), while 70% were males and more than two thirds of them from rural areas. The results revealed that a highly statistical significant difference between knowledge pre-test (P= 0.000*) and immediate post-test (P= 0.000*). Conclusion: the majority of the study sample in the pre-test had unsatisfactory knowledge and the majority of them had good satisfactory knowledge immediately and after 1 month of implementing of teaching program. Recommendations: Teaching unit should be developed at Assiut University Hospital.

Aim: To assess the awareness among glaucoma patients at Upper Egypt Governorate hospitals. Research design: Descriptive cross sectional research design was used in this study Setting: The study was conducted in ophthalmology outpatient clinics (male & female) at Assiut University Hospital & Al-rmad Hospi-tal, Elmina and Sohag Governorate. Subjects: The sample of this study total coverage of glaucoma patients included (1000), the researcher taking the sample during one yea r, this sample aged 50 years and above. Tool of study: One tool was used in this study include three parts, part I: patient demographic characteristics, part II: medical data, part III: knowledge about risk factors and self-practice regard glaucoma. Results: The most of patients age ranged between 60:80 year, nearly three quarter (74.6%) of them were females, and 80% of them comes from urban areas. The majority of studied sample (84.5%) unaware about glaucoma disease and show statistical significant differ-ence between awareness of them and their education, P≤0.05. Also, there was no significant difference between knowledge of studied sample and their residence. Conclusion: The majority of glaucoma patients complain from poor of knowledge & practice. Recommendation: Design & implement of health educational program about glaucoma are needed to improve patient knowledge & practice regard glaucoma.

Aim: To assess the awareness among glaucoma patients at Upper Egypt Governorate hospitals. Research design: Descriptive cross sectional research design was used in this study Setting: The study was conducted in ophthalmology outpatient clinics (male & female) at Assiut University Hospital & Al-rmad Hospi-tal, Elmina and Sohag Governorate. Subjects: The sample of this study total coverage of glaucoma patients included (1000), the researcher taking the sample during one yea r, this sample aged 50 years and above. Tool of study: One tool was used in this study include three parts, part I: patient demographic characteristics, part II: medical data, part III: knowledge about risk factors and self-practice regard glaucoma. Results: The most of patients age ranged between 60:80 year, nearly three quarter (74.6%) of them were females, and 80% of them comes from urban areas. The majority of studied sample (84.5%) unaware about glaucoma disease and show statistical significant differ-ence between awareness of them and their education, P≤0.05. Also, there was no significant difference between knowledge of studied sample and their residence. Conclusion: The majority of glaucoma patients complain from poor of knowledge & practice. Recommendation: Design & implement of health educational program about glaucoma are needed to improve patient knowledge & practice regard glaucoma.

Aim: To assess the awareness among glaucoma patients at Upper Egypt Governorate hospitals. Research design: Descriptive cross sectional research design was used in this study Setting: The study was conducted in ophthalmology outpatient clinics (male & female) at Assiut University Hospital & Al-rmad Hospi-tal, Elmina and Sohag Governorate. Subjects: The sample of this study total coverage of glaucoma patients included (1000), the researcher taking the sample during one yea r, this sample aged 50 years and above. Tool of study: One tool was used in this study include three parts, part I: patient demographic characteristics, part II: medical data, part III: knowledge about risk factors and self-practice regard glaucoma. Results: The most of patients age ranged between 60:80 year, nearly three quarter (74.6%) of them were females, and 80% of them comes from urban areas. The majority of studied sample (84.5%) unaware about glaucoma disease and show statistical significant differ-ence between awareness of them and their education, P≤0.05. Also, there was no significant difference between knowledge of studied sample and their residence. Conclusion: The majority of glaucoma patients complain from poor of knowledge & practice. Recommendation: Design & implement of health educational program about glaucoma are needed to improve patient knowledge & practice regard glaucoma.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of counseling sessions as nursing intervention on depression and loneliness among elderly. The study was carried out in the geriatric club in legitimate assembly and geriatric club in Cultural Center at Assiut City, Egypt. The study sample comprised of one hundred elderly person aged 60 years and above. They were assigned randomly in two groups as 50 intervention group and 50 control group. Three tools were used for data collection, namely: Socio-demographic data structured interview sheet, UCLA loneliness scale, Beck Depression Inventory Scale (BDI). The main results yielded by the study proved that, there were a highly significant difference between the mean scores of the intervention and control group at (P0.001). This result suggests that counseling sessions was effective on reducing depression and loneliness among elderly people. Also, there were statistically significant highly correlation between depression and loneliness (r=0.892, p=0.001). The study recommended that psycho-educational program is needed to assist psychologists, counselors and social workers, nurses, who work with the elderly, to utilize the theoretical principles and the therapeutic process of this approach as a nursing intervention on reducing depression and loneliness among elderly

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of counseling sessions as nursing intervention on depression and loneliness among elderly. The study was carried out in the geriatric club in legitimate assembly and geriatric club in Cultural Center at Assiut City, Egypt. The study sample comprised of one hundred elderly person aged 60 years and above. They were assigned randomly in two groups as 50 intervention group and 50 control group. Three tools were used for data collection, namely: Socio-demographic data structured interview sheet, UCLA loneliness scale, Beck Depression Inventory Scale (BDI). The main results yielded by the study proved that, there were a highly significant difference between the mean scores of the intervention and control group at (P0.001). This result suggests that counseling sessions was effective on reducing depression and loneliness among elderly people. Also, there were statistically significant highly correlation between depression and loneliness (r=0.892, p=0.001). The study recommended that psycho-educational program is needed to assist psychologists, counselors and social workers, nurses, who work with the elderly, to utilize the theoretical principles and the therapeutic process of this approach as a nursing intervention on reducing depression and loneliness among elderly

Background: Childbirth is a turning point in life. A woman experiences a range of emotions highlighted needs for psychological support. Mother’s perception of a positive birth is influenced by how supported she feels throughout her experience. The presence of the husband in the delivery room can provide emotional support for the mother; establish an earlier relationship between a father and his infant. Previous studies have highlighted significant barriers to male participation as pregnancy and childbirth are often perceived as a woman’s realm. Men’s involvement is culturally discouraged; men’s focus was on economic activity which was more important for them to concentrate on. This study aimed to identify the couples' attitude toward husband attendance during childbirth. The descriptive design was used in this study. Convenient sample of 270 couples were recruited for this study. The settings were 4 villages from Assiut & Sohag governorates (two from each), chosen randomly. The tools of data collection were structured interview questionnaire which developed by the investigators included personal data for both husband & wife. The second tool was couples' attitude scale which includes 27 statements with five points Likert' scale. The scale contained positive and negative statements to allow for investigation of positive and negative couples' attitude. The tool was validated by the original author, The Arabic translated tool was revalidating by a jury of expertise from community health nursing, Obstetric and gynecological nursing and Psychiatric nursing, to test its contents’ validity; (six of experts, two in each field), to assess the content and face validity of the tool for Egyptian culture. The necessary official permission was obtained. A Pilot study was conducted on 10% of the subjects. The questionnaire & scale were filled by the investigators or by the participants depending on their level of education. The data were collected two days/week, and 3-5 couples/ day were interviewed the study started from November 2014-to the end of June 2015. Results: the current study revealed that the mean age for husbands was (34.34 ± 6.54), and for wives was (28.49 ± 5.82) years. More than one-third of wives and their husbands have had university education, half of the studied wives were working, and there was positive attitude among both couples and positive correlation between husband and wife attitude, also, there was negative correlation between number of pregnancy and wife attitude. Accompanying the husband of his wife to the clinic was rare which make the investigators to collect the data through home visits. Absence of the husband during the visit makes a difficulty to the investigators to go back to the same home another time/s. Conclusion: there was positive attitude between both wives and husbands of toward husband attendance during child birth. Recommendations: Encouraging husbands to attend prenatal classes where they learnt about techniques to help their partner during labor. Health facility, physicians and nurses should encourage and allow husband to attend child birth. Further research about the husband’s presence and its effect on perinatal outcomes is highly recommended.

Background: Childbirth is a turning point in life. A woman experiences a range of emotions highlighted needs for psychological support. Mother’s perception of a positive birth is influenced by how supported she feels throughout her experience. The presence of the husband in the delivery room can provide emotional support for the mother; establish an earlier relationship between a father and his infant. Previous studies have highlighted significant barriers to male participation as pregnancy and childbirth are often perceived as a woman’s realm. Men’s involvement is culturally discouraged; men’s focus was on economic activity which was more important for them to concentrate on. This study aimed to identify the couples' attitude toward husband attendance during childbirth. The descriptive design was used in this study. Convenient sample of 270 couples were recruited for this study. The settings were 4 villages from Assiut & Sohag governorates (two from each), chosen randomly. The tools of data collection were structured interview questionnaire which developed by the investigators included personal data for both husband & wife. The second tool was couples' attitude scale which includes 27 statements with five points Likert' scale. The scale contained positive and negative statements to allow for investigation of positive and negative couples' attitude. The tool was validated by the original author, The Arabic translated tool was revalidating by a jury of expertise from community health nursing, Obstetric and gynecological nursing and Psychiatric nursing, to test its contents’ validity; (six of experts, two in each field), to assess the content and face validity of the tool for Egyptian culture. The necessary official permission was obtained. A Pilot study was conducted on 10% of the subjects. The questionnaire & scale were filled by the investigators or by the participants depending on their level of education. The data were collected two days/week, and 3-5 couples/ day were interviewed the study started from November 2014-to the end of June 2015. Results: the current study revealed that the mean age for husbands was (34.34 ± 6.54), and for wives was (28.49 ± 5.82) years. More than one-third of wives and their husbands have had university education, half of the studied wives were working, and there was positive attitude among both couples and positive correlation between husband and wife attitude, also, there was negative correlation between number of pregnancy and wife attitude. Accompanying the husband of his wife to the clinic was rare which make the investigators to collect the data through home visits. Absence of the husband during the visit makes a difficulty to the investigators to go back to the same home another time/s. Conclusion: there was positive attitude between both wives and husbands of toward husband attendance during child birth. Recommendations: Encouraging husbands to attend prenatal classes where they learnt about techniques to help their partner during labor. Health facility, physicians and nurses should encourage and allow husband to attend child birth. Further research about the husband’s presence and its effect on perinatal outcomes is highly recommended.