Tympanoplasty is a surgical technique to repair a defect in the tympanic membrane with the placement of a graft. Aim: To evaluate the effect of the designed nursing guidelines on outcomes of patients undergoing tympanoplasty. Research design: Quasi-experimental research design. Setting: Otolaryngology department and Outpatient Clinics at Assiut University Hospital. Patients: Sixty adult patients undergoing tympanoplasty were distributed into two equal groups (study and control) 30 patients for each. Tools: Tool I: Patient Questionnaires Sheet, Tool II: Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA) Scale. Results: Study group patients showed highly statistically significant improvement in their level of knowledge as well as social and emotional responses of hearing handicap than the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: the designed nursing guidelines for patients undergoing tympanoplasty had a significant effects on improvement of patients` knowledge as well as social and emotional responses of hearing handicap. Recommendations: Teaching materials about pre and postoperative and home instructions should be available in Otolaryngology for patients undergoing tympanoplasty

Nutrition is crucial factor in maintaining burn Healing of burn wounds Excessive energy demands during the burn wound healing process should be met with proper nutrition. Nutritional deficits obstruct the natural processes that allow wound healing to go through particular stages. Aim: To assess the effect of nutritional factor on burn wound healing. Research question: Does the nutritional factor affect on burn wound healing. Methods: Descriptive exploratory design was conducted on thirsty adult patients, aged from 18-65 years admitted to the burn unit at El Elman General Hospital & General Assiut hospital. Tools :( 1) Patient assessment sheet. (2) The Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool is a tool for assessing wounds (BWAT). Results: A negative relationship was found between burn wound severity and clinical nutritional parameters as (-.664,-.579,-.621, -.752, -.777|) respectively. Conclusions: a deterioration in burn wound condition from minimal to moderate and extreme severity was observed among studied patients with reduction of the nutritional factor. Recommendation: Nutritional elements must be provided for burned patients during all phases of burn wound healing process.

Background: Self-medication is a common and regular practice of using medicines without any medical supervision by the people themselves for self-treatment. Aim of this study: to assess knowledge and reported practices of university students regarding self-medication and determine the prevalence of self-medication among university students at Assuit University. Subjects and Methods: a descriptive cross sectional study was used in this study which conducted at four faculties of Assiut University among 1035 of fourth grad who were selected through simple random sample. Two tools were utilized for data collection: Tool I: A structured self-administered questionnaire Tool II: to assess reported practices of self-medication among university students. Results: It was found that 76.2% of studied students were females and the prevalence rate of self-medication among them was 90.4% also 71.4% of them reported that fast solution to relieve pain was the most common reason for using self –medication. 84.4% and 62.1% of studied students had unsatisfactory knowledge and reported practices regarding self –medication. Conclusions: The prevalence of self-medication was high among university students in Assuit University. Most of studied students had un satisfactory knowledge and reported practices about self- medication. Recommendation: Periodic health education programs regarding self-medication are needed to enhance awareness among studied students.

Children are at higher risk for food borne illnesses than adults. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge and reported practice of mothers with pre school children regarding food handling. Subjects and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional design used in this study. It was conducted at 4 villages in Abou-tig district selected by stratified random sample (Abu-tig, Duena, Elnekhela and Baker). The sample consisted of 787 mothers with preschool children. Data were collected within six months Tools: two tools were utilized. First tool: interview questionnaire sheet for assessing Socio demographic characteristics, home environment and mother's knowledge about food handling. Second tool: was used to assess the reported practices of mothers about food handling. Results: showed that 30.37 ± 6.58 were the mean ± SD of age of the studied mothers, Also 43.3% of mothers had fair level of knowledge and 67.2% had satisfactory level of practice. Conclusion: It was concluded that less than half of mothers had fair level of knowledge about food handling. Recommendations: Educational programs to upgrade the level of mother`s knowledge and practices toward food handling.

Background: Stroke is a major cause of disability in adults and elderly. Chronic
complications arising from this disease have impact on the affected patients' reduced selfefficacy. Aim: Evaluate the effectiveness of caregiver training program on stroke patient's self-efficacy. Quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: The study conducted in the departments and outpatient clinics of neuropsychiatric diseases and neurosurgery hospital at Assiut University Hospitals. Sample: Caregivers and their patients admitted to neuropsychiatric diseases and neurosurgery hospital, during 6 months (equal number of 125 for both). Tools: Include four tools. Tool 1 structured interview questionnaires. Tool II: Caregivers’ knowledge about stroke. Tool III: Caregivers' practices regarding stroke patients' care. Tool IV: Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ). Results: 95.2% of caregiver's have unsatisfactory knowledge about stroke in pre-program, compared to 84.8% and 76.0% have satisfactory knowledge at post program and follow up; respectively. Also, caregiver practices levels of patient's care were 100% inadequate in pre-program. These levels improved to adequate practice in post program and follow up (72.0% & 75.2%); respectively. A statistically significant difference of stroke patient's self-efficacy through training program p =0.000. Conclusion: A caregivers training had a positive effect on stroke patient's self‐efficacy. Recommendations: Continues caregivers training regarding care of stroke patients.

Background: Pregnant women is one of the most group who are at high risk for COVID-19 infection. To protect them should keep them away from exposure for infection and enhance their knowledge, attitude and practice about preventive measures towards COVID-19 pandemic. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the effect of whatsApp educational program reminder on pregnant women’s knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID -19 pandemic. Research Design: Quasi experimental one group pre, post-test research design was conducted in this study. Setting: The present study was started at the Antenatal Outpatient Clinic at Sohag University Hospital , Sohag General Hospital and (MCH) Maternal and child health center (Dar Salama Abdallah) to choose sample and take their telephone numbers, then complete the study and following women through whatsApp. Subjects: A convenient sample from 100 pregnant women was enrolled in the study. Tools: First tool: structured interview questionnaire, second tool: knowledge assessment sheet, third tool: attitude assessment sheet and fourth tool: practice assessment sheet regarding COVID -19 , The questionnaire was designed through Google forms regarding the COVID-19, and the link of the survey was presented to the women by WhatsApp groups. Results: A statistically significant improvement in pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices levels toward COVID-19 after conducting whatsApp educational program reminder. Conclusion: WhatsApp educational program reminder positively affects pregnant women’ levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices. Recommendation: Incorporates the educational program within outpatient clinics, providing a printed copy of the educational brochure in outpatient clinics for other pregnant women and their relatives.

Background & Objective(s): Hairdressers are exposed to various health hazards in their work environment. This study aims to assess the working conditions, knowledge, and practices regarding hazardous work exposure, in addition to identifying potential occupational health problems and their associated variables.
Methods: A cross-sectional study including 151 female hairdressers was conducted in Assiut city, Upper Egypt. An interview questionnaire was used to record personal and job characteristics, descriptions of workplace environments, and knowledge and practices regarding occupational health risks and self-reported health problems. Standard assessment of weight and height was performed, and body mass index was calculated.
Results: Insufficient ventilation of salons was reported by 67.5% of the hairdressers, and first aid measures were available for only 15.2%. Low awareness was found regarding blood-borne diseases transmitted through hair salons. Approximately 70% were disinfecting their equipment, and 12.4% performed this after each customer. The most frequent chronic musculoskeletal complaints were low back (22.5%), shoulder (17.2%), and wrist pain (16.6%). Nearly 24% complained from varicose veins. Varicose veins and knee pain were significantly associated with increases in age and working years. Neck pain was significantly associated with increases in age and being employed or owner of
the hairdressing salon. Conclusion: Proper working conditions and safe practices of the studied hairdressers were insufficient. High awareness was found regarding the possibility of disease transmission through hair salons. However, only a few of them identified these diseases and their transmission modes. Moreover, they complained of musculoskeletal pain, varicose veins, and respiratory symptoms. Recommendations: Pre-employment health education programs should be provided for Egyptian hairdressers, and  maintenance of hairdressing salons should be checked regularly.

Background: Monitoring of overweight and obesity among children; by using different growth charts; is fundamental to disease prevention and health promotion.
Aim of the study: To determine overweight and obesity for age among primary school children in Upper Egypt using the Egyptian and CDC growth charts.
Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional research design was used and conducted at 20 public primary schools in four Upper Egypt governorates. The sample size was 5300 children who selected by multistage sampling technique. Interview questionnaire included personal data and anthropometric measurements (height, Weight and BMI) and Egyptian and CDC growth charts.Results: The percentages of children being overweight and obese for age using Egyptian chart were low compared to CDC charts (1.9 vs 4.6%, 8.5% vs. 3.3%, 8.7% vs 3.3% respectively). According to Egyptian chart 5.2% and 5% from total studied boys and girls were overweight and obese respectively, while in CDC growth chart 13.3% and 10.5% from total studied boys and girls respectively. Conclusion: It concluded that there were remarkable differences between CDC and Egyptian growth charts references in the classification of child overweight and obesity. The CDC growth chart evident much higher
prevalence among the studied children compared to the Egyptian growth chart.
Recommendation: Periodic development and reconstruction of national growth chart to represent the growth pattern of all geographical areas in Egypt. Also, further researches needed to assess the differences of both
international and national references

Background: Prevention of vitamin D deficiency is a public health priority, as it has severe and long lasting consequences on general health of children and women. Aim: To evaluate the effect of educational program on women knowledge regarding vitamin D deficiency. Subjects and Methods: Quasi-experimental (Pre-post-test) research design was applied on 300 women in Maternal and Child Health centers. Tool: Part (1): Personal data, Part 2 and 3: Women's knowledge regarding vitamin D deficiency among women and children. Results: the present study showed that 47.3%, 44.3% and 39.7% of women gave incorrect answer about the sources of vitamin D, the benefits and its role for women and vitamin D benefits for children in pretest respectively; which improved in posttest p-values= 0.001. There were statistical significance differences between women knowledge regarding vitamin D with their age, educational level and marital status in pretest while there weren't in post program. Conclusion: Existence of inadequate level of knowledge regarding vitamin D deficiency, maternal knowledge was significantly affected by age, educational level, marital status and religion. The educational program improved knowledge regarding vitamin D among women. Recommendations: Educational campaigns and health promotion programs targeted women to increase knowledge about adequate intake of vitamin D..

Background: Simulation provides students with the opportunity to improve their intended learning outcomes such as clinical performance, knowledge acquisition, clinical reasoning and student satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of simulation based learning on improving cognitive achievement of nursing students during care of patients with bronchial asthma. A quasi-experimental design was used in this study on 100 nursing students at Medical surgical Nursing simulations Lab in Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University. Four tools were used: cognitive achievement tool, Students' practice observational checklist, Simulation Effectiveness Tool and perceived competence scales. Results showed that there was a statistical significant difference between the nursing students' level of knowledge before and after application of simulation (p<0.001**) and showed that simulation based learning group showed the highest scores in practice compared to groups using traditional methods alone. Conclusion: the level of nursing students' knowledge and practice were generally improved after application of simulation based learning strategy about bronchial asthma. The simulation based learning has a significant influence in improving the cognitive abilities of nursing students in practicing nursing care in the case of patients with bronchial asthma, compared to face-to-face lectures. Recommendations: Nursing education programs should adopt and support the introduction of simulation in undergraduate education and curriculum development.