Mobbing is an antagonistic behavior with unethical communication directed systematically at one individual by one or more persons in the workplace. This study aims to identify the mobbing behaviors against demonstrators and assistant lecturers working at Assiut University. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was used in this study. The current study was conducted at six faculties, i.e. the Faculties of Commerce, Social Work, Law, Engineering, Nursing and Medicine. A stratified random sample technique was used on (535) demonstrators and assistant lecturers. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data which included socio-demographic data and the mobbing behavior questionnaire. The main results of this study indicated that 57.9 % of the participants were females and 42.1% were males. The main type of types of mobbing behaviors against demonstrators and assistant lecturers was attacks on their professional status (53.7% and 44.3%, respectively). 49.6% of demonstrators and 43.4% of assistant lecturers responded psychosocially to mobbing behaviors. Thesis supervisors and departmental heads (18.7% and 18.1%, respectively) considered the main sources of mobbing behaviors against the studied participants. This study recommended that an educational program should be applied to managers, demonstrators and assistant lecturers working at Assiut University about the advantage of the open managerial approach, their legal rights, stress management techniques, how to respond appropriately and the measures to prevent the development of mobbing behaviors.

Smoking is a worldwide health problem. Tobacco smoking among the young is a health priority in Egypt. This study was conducted to determine smoking prevalence among male students living in Assiut University hostels and their knowledge and perceptions about this habit after Egypt's revolution using descriptive cross-sectional design. 400 students were randomly selected. A self-administrative questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, smoking status, as well as students' knowledge and perceptions concerning tobacco smoking. The mean age of the participants was 20.47 (±1.33 SD) years. More than one third (36.2%) were in theoretical faculties and 63.8% were in practical faculties. 13.2% were current smokers (25.5% daily smokers and 1.7% occasional smokers) and 30.2% started smoking before 15 years. The currently smokers were more frequently in theoretical faculties, their fathers were smokers and did not living with both parents (P 0.05). Cancer was the common smoking hazard that reported by 33.2% of the participants followed by chest disease (30.0%). More than one fifth (22.8%) of the students in the present study affected by the Egypt's revolution on 25 January 2011 as regards smoking habit. Conclusion: An educational program aimed at changing behavior and attitude to tobacco smoking and including healthy life style with high emphasis on the adolescence may be a successful primary prevention. In addition; projects designed to improve university performance may lead to a reduction in smoking rates while providing an investment in the future of youth.

Smoking is a worldwide health problem. Tobacco smoking among the young is a health priority in Egypt. This study was conducted to determine smoking prevalence among male students living in Assiut University hostels and their knowledge and perceptions about this habit after Egypt's revolution using descriptive cross-sectional design. 400 students were randomly selected. A self-administrative questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, smoking status, as well as students' knowledge and perceptions concerning tobacco smoking. The mean age of the participants was 20.47 (±1.33 SD) years. More than one third (36.2%) were in theoretical faculties and 63.8% were in practical faculties. 13.2% were current smokers (25.5% daily smokers and 1.7% occasional smokers) and 30.2% started smoking before 15 years. The currently smokers were more frequently in theoretical faculties, their fathers were smokers and did not living with both parents (P 0.05). Cancer was the common smoking hazard that reported by 33.2% of the participants followed by chest disease (30.0%). More than one fifth (22.8%) of the students in the present study affected by the Egypt's revolution on 25 January 2011 as regards smoking habit. Conclusion: An educational program aimed at changing behavior and attitude to tobacco smoking and including healthy life style with high emphasis on the adolescence may be a successful primary prevention. In addition; projects designed to improve university performance may lead to a reduction in smoking rates while providing an investment in the future of youth.

Smoking is a worldwide health problem. Tobacco smoking among the young is a health priority in Egypt. This study was conducted to determine smoking prevalence among male students living in Assiut University hostels and their knowledge and perceptions about this habit after Egypt's revolution using descriptive cross-sectional design. 400 students were randomly selected. A self-administrative questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, smoking status, as well as students' knowledge and perceptions concerning tobacco smoking. The mean age of the participants was 20.47 (±1.33 SD) years. More than one third (36.2%) were in theoretical faculties and 63.8% were in practical faculties. 13.2% were current smokers (25.5% daily smokers and 1.7% occasional smokers) and 30.2% started smoking before 15 years. The currently smokers were more frequently in theoretical faculties, their fathers were smokers and did not living with both parents (P 0.05). Cancer was the common smoking hazard that reported by 33.2% of the participants followed by chest disease (30.0%). More than one fifth (22.8%) of the students in the present study affected by the Egypt's revolution on 25 January 2011 as regards smoking habit. Conclusion: An educational program aimed at changing behavior and attitude to tobacco smoking and including healthy life style with high emphasis on the adolescence may be a successful primary prevention. In addition; projects designed to improve university performance may lead to a reduction in smoking rates while providing an investment in the future of youth.

The importance of breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is well established for the infant, the mother and the family. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of working mothers regarding breastfeeding and weaning using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study was conducted in four MCH centers in Assiut city during 2010. Direct interviews were done with 43 working mothers had children aged 4 to 24 months as well as seven FGDs. 69.8% of the mothers were at the age 30 years or less. All the studied mothers knew that the breastfeeding is the best nutritional source for the baby. The majority of the mothers had good knowledge about the advantages of breastfeeding for the child and the mother. 67.4% initiated breastfeeding within the first 30 minutes after delivery. The participants in general were less knowledgeable about exclusive breastfeeding practices. There were some fault practices reported by the participants. There is a need for health education programs, which support and encourage breastfeeding particularly at a primary care level, focusing more on working mothers.

The importance of breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is well established for the infant, the mother and the family. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of working mothers regarding breastfeeding and weaning using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study was conducted in four MCH centers in Assiut city during 2010. Direct interviews were done with 43 working mothers had children aged 4 to 24 months as well as seven FGDs. 69.8% of the mothers were at the age 30 years or less. All the studied mothers knew that the breastfeeding is the best nutritional source for the baby. The majority of the mothers had good knowledge about the advantages of breastfeeding for the child and the mother. 67.4% initiated breastfeeding within the first 30 minutes after delivery. The participants in general were less knowledgeable about exclusive breastfeeding practices. There were some fault practices reported by the participants. There is a need for health education programs, which support and encourage breastfeeding particularly at a primary care level, focusing more on working mothers.

The importance of breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is well established for the infant, the mother and the family. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of working mothers regarding breastfeeding and weaning using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study was conducted in four MCH centers in Assiut city during 2010. Direct interviews were done with 43 working mothers had children aged 4 to 24 months as well as seven FGDs. 69.8% of the mothers were at the age 30 years or less. All the studied mothers knew that the breastfeeding is the best nutritional source for the baby. The majority of the mothers had good knowledge about the advantages of breastfeeding for the child and the mother. 67.4% initiated breastfeeding within the first 30 minutes after delivery. The participants in general were less knowledgeable about exclusive breastfeeding practices. There were some fault practices reported by the participants. There is a need for health education programs, which support and encourage breastfeeding particularly at a primary care level, focusing more on working mothers.

The importance of breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is well established for the infant, the mother and the family. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of working mothers regarding breastfeeding and weaning using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study was conducted in four MCH centers in Assiut city during 2010. Direct interviews were done with 43 working mothers had children aged 4 to 24 months as well as seven FGDs. 69.8% of the mothers were at the age 30 years or less. All the studied mothers knew that the breastfeeding is the best nutritional source for the baby. The majority of the mothers had good knowledge about the advantages of breastfeeding for the child and the mother. 67.4% initiated breastfeeding within the first 30 minutes after delivery. The participants in general were less knowledgeable about exclusive breastfeeding practices. There were some fault practices reported by the participants. There is a need for health education programs, which support and encourage breastfeeding particularly at a primary care level, focusing more on working mothers.

This study was to investigate the obstacles to conducting as well as applying nursing research in Al- Jouf University. It conducted on five main areas at Al-Jouf University which are Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences male and female sections, Faculty of Health Sciences male and female sections at Sakaka city and Faculty of Health Sciences at Al- Qurrayat. All nursing staff in the university was included in this study. A structured questionnaire sheet was developed by the researcher. Results revealed a number of obstacles to conducting nursing research as limited time ( 24% & 52% strongly agree and agree respectively, P ≤ 0.02 and reduced numbers of demonstrators or clinical instructor (56% & 24% strongly agree and agree, respectively, P ≤ 0.003. Administrative constrains as lack of time, money, and clinical equipments, inability of nurses' to deduce clinical research problems represented the most important obstacles to applying results of nursing research in Al- Jouf University. The study concluded that there are a number of obstacles to conducting nursing research at Al – Jouf University among which of statistically significant are: limited time, reduced number of demonstrators or clinical instructors, lack of a library for postgraduate, lack of centers for certain diseases, and absence of postgraduate affairs besides other obstacles to conducting nursing research at Al- Jouf University. Moreover, the study concluded that the most important obstacles to applying results of nursing research are administrative constrains as lack of time, money and clinical equipments and inability of nurses to deduce clinical research problems. The study recommended the necessity of postgraduate library, training of nursing staff on using digital library and educational programs for the public to use local health resources at Sakaka.

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of educational program among open heart surgery patients on minimizing the incidence of post operative infections. Data were collected from cardiothoracic surgery department, intensive care unit, and outpatient clinic at Assiut University Hospital. The study was conducted on 60 adult patients with open heart surgery (30 - study group and 30 - control group) who have been selected randomly. Data were collected through: four tools; (cardiac surgery patient needs assessment sheet, cardiac teaching program based on individualized patient needs assessment, cardiac post operative observation checklist sheet, and cardiac post operative wound site infection evaluation sheet). Results of this study concluded that, more than half of the patients in study group 53.3 % were females, 70 % were married, and 40 % their ages ranged from 18 - 29 years. While the majority of the patients in the control group 63.3 % were male, 46.7 % were married, and 33.3 % from 30 - 39 years. Conclusion; Significant differences for improvements throughout educational program phases among study group regarding total score of knowledge and practice about open heart surgery. The study recommended that, pamphlets and simple illustration booklet should be available for patients illiterate to with simple explain how to safely live after open heart surgery. The patients must understand the importance of oral hygiene and visiting a dentist regularly because dental infections can affect the valve prosthetic.