Mining industry is generally classified as the most hazardous industrial sector. Mining activities usually emit physical and chemical hazards in the workplaces and impose negative effects on the workers' health. Sukari Gold Mine (SGM) is located in the south of Eastern Desert in Egypt and is considered as the largest and modernized gold mine in the country. Occupational exposure and health risk assessment were evaluated in SGM by measuring the hazardous substances in different workplaces of the project. Noise, Particulate Matters (PM10), harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and ammonia (NH3) were measured in workplaces and ambient environment. Maximum noise levels were 112 dBA and 103.5 dBA in the two power generators. Values of PM10 in the most working sites were less than the permissible levels (3 mg/m3) except in underground access, which recorded 4.9 mg/ m3. Measurements of chemical gases in the workplaces showed that most of the concentrations are less than the permissible limits except hydrogen cyanide. HCN recorded high levels in Carbon In Leach Tanks with a value of 10 ppm. Risk assessment of occupational health hazards of the SGM was applied in this study using Hazard Index and a simple modified model. The two methods enhanced each other and gave same results that two workplaces have High Risk, five cases have Moderate Risk and the rest places are Low Risk on the workers' Health. The study concluded that the modern mining and extraction methods applied in SGM have reduced the severity of occupational exposure to physical and chemical hazards in workplaces.

Mining industry is generally classified as the most hazardous industrial sector. Mining activities usually emit physical and chemical hazards in the workplaces and impose negative effects on the workers' health. Sukari Gold Mine (SGM) is located in the south of Eastern Desert in Egypt and is considered as the largest and modernized gold mine in the country. Occupational exposure and health risk assessment were evaluated in SGM by measuring the hazardous substances in different workplaces of the project. Noise, Particulate Matters (PM10), harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and ammonia (NH3) were measured in workplaces and ambient environment. Maximum noise levels were 112 dBA and 103.5 dBA in the two power generators. Values of PM10 in the most working sites were less than the permissible levels (3 mg/m3) except in underground access, which recorded 4.9 mg/ m3. Measurements of chemical gases in the workplaces showed that most of the concentrations are less than the permissible limits except hydrogen cyanide. HCN recorded high levels in Carbon In Leach Tanks with a value of 10 ppm. Risk assessment of occupational health hazards of the SGM was applied in this study using Hazard Index and a simple modified model. The two methods enhanced each other and gave same results that two workplaces have High Risk, five cases have Moderate Risk and the rest places are Low Risk on the workers' Health. The study concluded that the modern mining and extraction methods applied in SGM have reduced the severity of occupational exposure to physical and chemical hazards in workplaces.

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Traditional research studies on the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model propose that produced items have perfect quality. However, in real production systems the quality of the products depends on the production process reliability. EPQ models that consider reliability and the effect of imperfect items are much more complex, and in turn the objective function becomes much more complicated. It is challenging to solve this type of model analytically, and it is also time consuming. Hence, it is necessary to utilize non-traditional solution techniques, such as numerical methods and heuristic search algorithms, for solving this type of model. In this paper, the optimal solution of the EPQ based reliability model are obtained by analytical solution, a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) algorithm, an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), a Monte Carlo non-deterministic method and the LINGO™ commercial solver. The methodology of this work has been clearly presented, and the computational results are compared and discussed. The computational results show that the GRG, EA, and Monte Carlo methods result in feasible and similar solutions, while the analytical solution is not valid for the model studied. The model can be extended to solve more complicated inventory models considering rework, shortage and multiple products.

Traditional research studies on the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model propose that produced items have perfect quality. However, in real production systems the quality of the products depends on the production process reliability. EPQ models that consider reliability and the effect of imperfect items are much more complex, and in turn the objective function becomes much more complicated. It is challenging to solve this type of model analytically, and it is also time consuming. Hence, it is necessary to utilize non-traditional solution techniques, such as numerical methods and heuristic search algorithms, for solving this type of model. In this paper, the optimal solution of the EPQ based reliability model are obtained by analytical solution, a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) algorithm, an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), a Monte Carlo non-deterministic method and the LINGO™ commercial solver. The methodology of this work has been clearly presented, and the computational results are compared and discussed. The computational results show that the GRG, EA, and Monte Carlo methods result in feasible and similar solutions, while the analytical solution is not valid for the model studied. The model can be extended to solve more complicated inventory models considering rework, shortage and multiple products.

Traditional research studies on the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model propose that produced items have perfect quality. However, in real production systems the quality of the products depends on the production process reliability. EPQ models that consider reliability and the effect of imperfect items are much more complex, and in turn the objective function becomes much more complicated. It is challenging to solve this type of model analytically, and it is also time consuming. Hence, it is necessary to utilize non-traditional solution techniques, such as numerical methods and heuristic search algorithms, for solving this type of model. In this paper, the optimal solution of the EPQ based reliability model are obtained by analytical solution, a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) algorithm, an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), a Monte Carlo non-deterministic method and the LINGO™ commercial solver. The methodology of this work has been clearly presented, and the computational results are compared and discussed. The computational results show that the GRG, EA, and Monte Carlo methods result in feasible and similar solutions, while the analytical solution is not valid for the model studied. The model can be extended to solve more complicated inventory models considering rework, shortage and multiple products.

Traditional research studies on the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model propose that produced items have perfect quality. However, in real production systems the quality of the products depends on the production process reliability. EPQ models that consider reliability and the effect of imperfect items are much more complex, and in turn the objective function becomes much more complicated. It is challenging to solve this type of model analytically, and it is also time consuming. Hence, it is necessary to utilize non-traditional solution techniques, such as numerical methods and heuristic search algorithms, for solving this type of model. In this paper, the optimal solution of the EPQ based reliability model are obtained by analytical solution, a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) algorithm, an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), a Monte Carlo non-deterministic method and the LINGO™ commercial solver. The methodology of this work has been clearly presented, and the computational results are compared and discussed. The computational results show that the GRG, EA, and Monte Carlo methods result in feasible and similar solutions, while the analytical solution is not valid for the model studied. The model can be extended to solve more complicated inventory models considering rework, shortage and multiple products.

Abstract: In the last three decades, it has been noticed that noise levels in Egyptian cities are disturbingly increasing. Assiut one of the important city in Egypt and the largest one in the Upper Egypt area can’t be excluded from the previous statement. Investigation of traffic noise levels were studied in Assiut city by measuring noise levels at the most hot noise locations; at streets junctions, and vehicles stops. Noise measurements were taken at three different times, morning, afternoon, and evening using sound level meter (SLM 130) and each site coordinates were determined by GPS Garmin, 62s. Ten noise readings at each site of investigation were registered and the equivalent noise level (LAeq) was estimated as well as LA10. Also instantaneous maximum traffic noise levels were evaluated for a period not less than 45 minutes at each site of measurements. The results showed that, instantaneous maximum levels at all investigated sites are increasing than the guideline value and some levels increases than 100 dB(A). Equivalent noise levels are 70±4 in morning, 71±2.8 for afternoon, while it is 74 ± 4 in evening times. Also at all sites of study, LAeq is greater than the guideline values except two places. In this study noise level was assessed in two passenger’s vehicles stops. The results of traffic investigation proved that Assiut city is suffering from traffic noise pollution and solution methods shall be applied which are suggested in this study.

Abstract: In the last three decades, it has been noticed that noise levels in Egyptian cities are disturbingly increasing. Assiut one of the important city in Egypt and the largest one in the Upper Egypt area can’t be excluded from the previous statement. Investigation of traffic noise levels were studied in Assiut city by measuring noise levels at the most hot noise locations; at streets junctions, and vehicles stops. Noise measurements were taken at three different times, morning, afternoon, and evening using sound level meter (SLM 130) and each site coordinates were determined by GPS Garmin, 62s. Ten noise readings at each site of investigation were registered and the equivalent noise level (LAeq) was estimated as well as LA10. Also instantaneous maximum traffic noise levels were evaluated for a period not less than 45 minutes at each site of measurements. The results showed that, instantaneous maximum levels at all investigated sites are increasing than the guideline value and some levels increases than 100 dB(A). Equivalent noise levels are 70±4 in morning, 71±2.8 for afternoon, while it is 74 ± 4 in evening times. Also at all sites of study, LAeq is greater than the guideline values except two places. In this study noise level was assessed in two passenger’s vehicles stops. The results of traffic investigation proved that Assiut city is suffering from traffic noise pollution and solution methods shall be applied which are suggested in this study.