This paper presents a promising design of a band–notched printed monopole antenna for ultra– wide band (UWB) applications. By properly incorporating either a slotted patch electromagnetic band gap (spEBG) structure or a parasitic strip electromagnetic bang gap (psEBG) structure in the antenna design a wide operating bandwidth from 3.7 to beyond 10.6 GHz for VSWR≤2 is obtained. Moreover a band–notched performance in the 5–6 GHz range is achieved. The proposed antenna is successfully designed and fabricated. The measured data of the proposed antenna show good agreement with the simulated results. Good impedance matching, high gain and high efficiency are obtained over the frequency band excluding the rejected band. The input admittance of the proposed antenna is modeled as a SPICE–compatible equivalent circuit using vector fitting technique, and the validity of the modeling method is verified.

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Abstract: Local authorities are developing urban management plans for the sake of enabling the urban opportunities offered and rationally react to the challenges imposed. Parking Management Plan, especially in downtowns, is of central importance, due to the challenges of meeting the parking demand, and the economic, environmental and urban consequences. In response, cities have formulated innovative parking management strategies. These strategies go beyond filling the gap between supply and demand to the minimization of demand. At the local level, the city of Assiut -the Capital of Assiut Governorate- is the largest city in Upper Egypt, and the most attractive and important in the region, especially in the economic and service domains. However, Assiut downtown encounters various urban challenges, among which parking is considered the most severe. Despite successive traffic and planning solutions, the gap between supply and demand remains. In this paper, Parking Management Strategies that would contribute to the local context are investigated. International management strategies are reviewed, the local context is surveyed and analyzed, the appropriateness of these strategies for application is investigated, and requirements of application are identified.

Abstract: Local authorities are developing urban management plans for the sake of enabling the urban opportunities offered and rationally react to the challenges imposed. Parking Management Plan, especially in downtowns, is of central importance, due to the challenges of meeting the parking demand, and the economic, environmental and urban consequences. In response, cities have formulated innovative parking management strategies. These strategies go beyond filling the gap between supply and demand to the minimization of demand. At the local level, the city of Assiut -the Capital of Assiut Governorate- is the largest city in Upper Egypt, and the most attractive and important in the region, especially in the economic and service domains. However, Assiut downtown encounters various urban challenges, among which parking is considered the most severe. Despite successive traffic and planning solutions, the gap between supply and demand remains. In this paper, Parking Management Strategies that would contribute to the local context are investigated. International management strategies are reviewed, the local context is surveyed and analyzed, the appropriateness of these strategies for application is investigated, and requirements of application are identified.

Summary: Contemporary Egyptian cities are in need to ensure sustainable development and to address urban, social, economic and environmental problems. Despite the great potential of smart cities to improve the economy, conditions of cities and population conditions, this potential has not been fully realized, the frameworks and models of the current smart cities are still not enough to make the smart city concept successful in the context of Egyptian case. This paper aims to provide an in-depth systematic framework for urban transformation towards smart sustainable city in the context of Egyptian case. This study relied on qualitative and critical analysis of a selective set of literature and previous studies. The architecture of proposed framework is based on the conceptual theoretical model of the phenomenon of smart urban transformation; Analysis of strategic planning methodology for urban development; as well as the context of the Egyptian cities with regard to the application of smart city concept. The proposed framework is a guiding reference tool for policy makers, academics, executives or decision makers, enabling them to develop an effective and realistic strategic plan to make city smart rather than adopting policies and strategies that may not be compatible with Local context. That ensures more chances of success, based on a realistic and modern theoretical model of smart urban transformation.

ABSTRACT At the next decade, an expected urban acceleration will occur in Egypt. The urban population will be increased by 34% more than 2006 ratio. Demographic pressures, rapid urbanization lead to more issues. While cities are growing rapidly in population, their development model is quite different from the Sustainable model. Egypt's 2030 vision for sustainable development has defined the future of Egyptian cities. The urban economy would be grown in more competitive and diversified manner. Therefore, an urban transformation should be taking place to induce the desired sustainable urban development. Our urban areas are in an urgent need for an advanced governance that is able to improve the socio-economical and environmental sustainability. At recent decades, policy-makers and academics, either in developed or developing countries, have focused on smart city concept. ICT addresses challenges and problems related to resource management, sustainable development, climate change, quality of life and improved performance of the city as a whole. This route will present the concept of the Smart City as a radical solution to many urban issues. Such concept is considered as a revolution in the design and management of urban areas. This paper developed guidelines to manage the urban transformation of Egyptian cities with the drive of Smart City concept to help decision-makers and city managers to prioritize and to develop strategies to achieve the smart and sustainable development of existing Egyptian cities. The study depended on the inductive approach to define the concept of smart sustainable city and related information and concepts. literature review as well as a case study analysis were the methodology to reveal success's factors of urban transformation towards smartness to achieve the desired sustainable urban development. To deduce most important opportunities and challenges as well as to conclude guidelines, the mental syllogistic reasoning approach was used. The study concluded that urban transition of Egyptian cities towards smartness is possible but its roadmap has many obstacles and challenges. The efforts of all decision makers, governors. academics and stakeholders have to be integrated to suggest and embrace our own initiative smart sustainable city as a prompt and costly-effective solution towards sustainability. This critical situation demand a self evolution and reconstructuring for municipalities - the key actor. municipalities have to launch smart applications and encourage the participation of all stakeholders, in developing goals, priorities, plans, policies, strategies and actions. Municipalities have to look for ingenious ideas to financ the smart city’s initiatives.

Research summery: Recently, Energy and environmental consideration are the most serious challenges face people. The acceleration of consumption rates, the depletion of resources and pollution resulting from human activities moved many world countries forward studying the environmental effect of all activities and project, which called ecological foot print calculator. These countries pursue raising lifestyle standard for their inhabitants altogether with achieving balance between its ecological foot print and biocapacity. In Egypt the ecological foot print exceeds the biocapacity, it was 1.98 (in global hectares) 2014, meanwhile the biocapacity was .47 (in global hectares), it is called national ecological deficit which has been increasing despite of deteriorated living standard, large group of people suffer from poverty, low income and shortage to meet their needs. Built environment is the most influential sector on the natural environment as it represents greatest part of the continuous building production to solve housing problem. In Egypt – Developing Country – there is no commitment of environmental criteria in spite of governmental speculations and laws. The government implementing varied and huge projects to face housing problem but it doesn’t consider the environment aspect which result in buildings causes burden to environment, drains it resources from the beginning of construction to demolishing, it also burdens to inhabitants cost them expenses of comfortable thermal atmosphere as well as fares of remote work, schools and services places. There for it has to consider these huge governmental projects to study its ecological foot print because it is the greatest part of the ecological foot print of the country. These projects neither inconvenient for inhabitants nor the developing country that faces many national issues which many governments attempt to solve but in vain. This research studies ecological foot print of these project trying to conclude planning criteria aiming to reduce ecological foot print of the existing as well as the upcoming projects through the following: Firstly; Theoretical study: It shed light on the most influential factors on ecological foot print of buildings in Egypt. Secondly; Practical study: It reviews ecological foot print analysis study of two Mubarak housing projects in Sohag governorate (Elmahamda el baharya village – Elkawthar), in order to end up planning criteria can be applied on study case to reduce the ecological foot print. Conclusion: The research concludes the most planning fundamentals to reduce ecological foot print of housing projects are: achieving full use of available natural resources in the area beside adopting compact planning patterns of buildings to get less distance between home and work, home and school