In interconnected microgrids, facade thermal photovoltaics (TPVs) systems have to be efficiently scaled and allocated for cost-effective building energy consumption and network operation. This paper aims at defining pertinent innovative solutions for reducing the undesired severe voltage dips and minimizing the relevant total costs of the PVs allocation within interconnected microgrids. To optimally place and size the TPVs, different meta-heuristic optimization tools are considered. Dealing with several scenarios of loads and solar energy output uncertainties, the ability of the novel modified meta-heuristic optimizer based on coronavirus herd immunity optimizer (CHIO) to capture a global optimal solution is evaluated. Using Matlab T M numerical simulations, fair comparison with grey wolf optimization, particle swarm optimization, arithmetic optimization algorithm, and chimp optimization algorithm is presented. The …