Bartonella species (Bartonella spp.) have gained recognition as a significant human pathogen, implicated in a wide range of diseases. Among these, Bartonella henselae infection has been extensively studied for its primary occurrence in cats and its role in the development of cat-scratch disease in humans. While light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have traditionally played crucial roles in identifying causative agents of infectious diseases, including Bartonella spp., the accuracy of these methods in identifying Bartonella spp. remains undefined. Therefore, this study aims to bridge this gap by employing both light microscopy and TEM to detect Bartonella in feline blood samples and to confirm B. henselae with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Examination of blood smears stained with Giemsa and toluidine blue semithin sections by using light microscopy revealed the presence of intraerythrocytic corpuscles, suggesting Bartonella infection in six out of 33 examined cat blood samples. TEM findings corroborated these observations, showcasing the engulfment of bacteria by the erythrocyte membrane, along with the presence of some Bartonella spp., adhering to the erythrocyte wall. PCR-based molecular detection confirmed the presence of B. henselae in these six samples. It is concluded that light microscopy and TEM are considered valuable in the screening of cats' blood for the potential presence of Bartonella. However, further molecular techniques are essential for precise identification and confirmation of specific Bartonella spp.

The present study was carried out on 15 pit animals (10 dogs and 5 cats), suffering from the presence of respiratory tract foreign bodies. Case history and clinical signs were reported. Diagnosis was confirmed by radiography and endoscopy. Endoscopy was used in the diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies from the respiratory tract. The procedure was successful in 14 of the examined cases. In one case where the foreign body was lodged in the lung tissue, endoscopy failed to remove the foreign body. Results of this study showed that endoscopy can be used successfully in the diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies from the respiratory tract. The technique is non-invasive and safe for the patient.

Tetracycline has proven to be effective in the management of the different types of corneal ulcers. It has antimicrobial activity as well as an anti-collagenase effect. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of oxytetracycline 5% on the alkali burn corneal ulcer after its injection subconjunctivally. Ten healthy New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into equal groups (control and treatment). They were examined carefully before induction of the ulcer using 1% NaOH in the right eye. 0.5 ml of oxytetracycline 5% was injected into the subconjunctival space weekly for 5 consecutive weeks. The eye was examined weekly clinically and by fluorescein staining dye just before the injection of oxytetracycline. At the end of the study, the rabbits were euthanised, and the eyes were harvested for histological and electron microscopic examinations. The results revealed there were no significant variations between the control and treatment groups except for the prevention of bacterial colonisation on the ulcerated corneal surface in the oxytetracycline group.

The present study concluded that the subconjunctival injection of oxytetracycline was not efficient for the management of alkali burn corneal ulcers, but it could be used as an adjunctive treatment for control and prevention of bacterial growth on the ulcerated corneal surface.