This paper deals with the study of the composite Humbert matrix function with matrix arguments . The convergence and integral form this function is established. An operational relation between a Humbert matrix function and Kummer matrix function is studied. Also, integral expressions of this relation are deduced. Finally, we define and study of the composite Humbert Kummer matrix functions.

Water from bedrock frequently contains higher concentrations of natural radionuclides than water from other 22 sources. Groundwater from Assalamia-Alhomira and Juban areas (southeast of Sana'a) and hot spring water 23 from Dempt area (south Sana'a) in Yemen were analyzed for 226Ra, 232Th and 40 K activity concentrations. 24 The average activity concentrations for groundwater from Assalamia–Alhomira area were 4.04 Bql−1 and 25 1.81 Bql−1 for 226Ra and 232Th, respectively, while 40 K was not detectable, while that for groundwater sam- 26 ples from Juban area were 2.95 Bql−1, 0.72 Bql−1 and 34.9 Bql−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40 K, respectively. On 27 the other hand, the activity concentrations for hot spring water from Dempt area were 3.48 Bql−1, 1.01 28 Bql−1 and 16.05 Bql−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. Also annual effective dose equivalent of ingestion 29 of these waters was calculated. The results showed that the annual dose equivalent obtained in the present 30 study was much higher than the recommended value (0.1 mSv year−1) as reported by WHO. The results 31 were compared with those for drinking water.

This study aims to investigate the floristic composition, biological spectrum, chorological affinities, and describes the vegetation inhabiting the main channel and the deltaic part of Wadi Kid as one of the principal coastal wadis in South Sinai. The life-form spectrum in the present study is characteristic of an arid desert region with the dominance of therophytes (30.43% of the total) and chamaephtyes (26.09%), followed by hemicryptophytes (26.09%), phanerophytes (14.49%), geophytes (1.45%) and parasites (1.45%). Phytogeographically, the Saharo-Arabian element forms the major component of the floristic structure. The investigation revealed that Wadi. Kid is potential shelters of 5 vegetation groups. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) represented the distribution of the recognized groups along the first two axes. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) indicated that clay, coarse sand, electric conductivity, chlorides, magnesium and calcium were the main soil parameters which determined the distribution of vegetation in the study area.

A hybrid method for modeling marine controlledsource electromagnetics, simplified integral equation (IE) (SIE) modeling, has shown very promising results in 2-D. The computational gain of SIE is very large for large problems in 3-D.We assess the accuracy and range of validity of SIE modeling in 3-D through order-of-magnitude analysis and through an extensive numerical comparison with rigorous IE modeling. A previously proposed order-of-magnitude analysis results in a dimensionless parameter which is easy to use as an a priori indicator for when SIE is valid. Unfortunately, this parameter is found to be sometimes inconsistent with our numerical results. Order-of-magnitude analysis for Maxwell’s equations is then reassessed in an attempt to rectify the shortcomings of the parameter adapted from the work “Electrical Impedance Tomography” by Cheney et al. The dimensionless parameter resulting from the novel order-of-magnitude analysis is found to have generally good predictive capability. Unfortunately, this parameter is not suitable for deciding a priori if the use of SIE is justified for a particular case, since it depends on numerical results from IE modeling. For future use of SIE, it is therefore recommended to compare the problem characteristics of the case at hand with those covered by the extensive numerical comparison in this paper. From the numerical investigation, it is found that the accuracy of SIE is very good for resistive targets and for frequencies lower than about 10 Hz. For conductive targets, the accuracy is mostly very good for frequencies lower than about 5 Hz but somewhat more dependent also on other problem characteristics.

Optical potentials for the scattering of K+ from the 12C nucleus are calculated using the folding model. Angular distributions of the elastic and inelastic scattering differential cross sections at 635, 715, and 800 MeV/c are successfully described using these potentials. Good fits with data are obtained without modifying any of the potential parameters. The extracted deformation parameters and reaction and total cross sections are also considered.

π±–Nucleus scattering cross sections are calculated applying the Watanabe superposition model with a phenomenological Woods–Saxon potential. The phenomenological potential parameters are searched for π± scattering from 6Li and 12C to reproduce not only differential elastic cross sections but also inelastic and total and reaction cross sections at pion kinetic energies from 50 to 672 MeV. The optical potentials of 6Li and 12C are calculated in terms of the alpha particle and deuteron optical potentials. Inelastic scattering has been analyzed using the distorted waves from elastic-scattering data. The values of deformation lengths thus obtained compare very well with the ones reported earlier.

Angular distributions of differential cross sections for the interaction of K+ mesons with 12C nucleus at beam momenta of 635, 715, and 800 MeV/c have been analyzed using 3α-particle model of 12C. Differential cross sections for inelastic transitions to the 2+ (4.44 MeV) and 3− (9.64 MeV) states in 12C are calculated, and deformation lengths δ2 and δ3 are extracted and consistent with other works. Good agreement with experimental data of elastic and inelastic K±-12C scattering is obtained.

The main goal of this study was the detection of complex surface and internal structures of limestone bedrock over the entire area planned for urban development on the lower Eocene plateau, west of Assiut, Egypt. A 2.5D shallow seismic refraction survey provided sufficient resolution for mapping faults and karst at the scale required for civil engineering plans. "e 3D P-wave seismic velocity map was developed from integration of a series of 2D spreads recorded along a 2D grid using only inline spreads. A karstic limestone bedrock is interpreted across the study area possessing several significant material property changes that must be compensated for during engineering designs. It was found that the P-wave seismic velocities of this bedrock range from 2800 to 4500 m/s with depths to the bedrock ranging from 3 to 35 m. Some of the karstic features of the limestone bedrock associated with faulting were found. "e locations of the subsurface karstic features, which are exposed only occasionally in outcrops on the surface, must be considered during layout and design of foundations for urban projects associated with economic growth. Special care must be taken during planning of heavy structures associated with urban and industrial projects over these karstic limestone bedrock to avoid collapse or failure of the buildings. determines layer velocities and thicknesses, but also defines depths to bedrock and major structural features critical for civil engineering projects, such as construction of buildings, bridges, tunnels, dams, highways, and other projects. In this study, we found it especially useful for detecting karstic features below the overburden and structures such as sinkholes, cavities, faults, and pinnacled rockheads. "e study area measures approximately 3 km2 (Figure 1). "e site is located on a limestone plateau in middle Egypt and is considered the best location for urban expansion and construction of new suburbs and communities (Abdel Aati, 1995) for the following reasons: 1) "e site is located in a safe area, protected from the environmental pollution from the Assiut cement factory. 2) "e area is extensive and distinguished by hard soil suitable for the foundation and building. 3) "e area was not earthquake-prone, based on historical observations. 4) "is area is rarely affected by rainfalls or flash floods. 5) "e abundant natural earth resources suitable for building materials and stones, such as limestone, gravel, and sand are quarried in the surrounding areas.

Elevated levels of type I interferon (IFN) during type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are associated with a defective immune response. In the present study, we investigated whether blocking type I IFN signaling during streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced T1D in mice improves lymphocyte proliferation and escape from continuous apoptosis. Three groups of mice were examined: diabetic mice, type I IFN signaling-incompetent diabetic mice, and control nondiabetic mice. We first found that diabetes induction was accompanied by an elevation in the plasma levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydroperoxide, malondialdehyde (MDN), and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 α , IL-1 β , IL-6, and CXCL10. Blocking type 1 IFN signaling in diabetic mice significantly decreased the levels of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, lymphocytes from diabetic mice exhibited a marked reduction in their proliferative capacity, increased apoptosis, upregulation of the exhaustion marker PD-1, and aberrant phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT2, AKT and I κ B- α . Interestingly, following the blocking of type I IFN signaling in diabetic mice, the lymphocytes exhibited restored proliferative capacity, decreased apoptosis, normal expression of PD-1, and normal phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT2, AKT and I κ B- α . Our data suggest that elevated levels of type I IFN during T1D trigger lymphocyte exhaustion and a defective lymphocyte-medicated immune response.

Platelets are non-nucleated cellular elements that play a role in haemostasis, innate immunity, and inflammation. Plateletlinked inflammation seems essentially related to the capacity of platelets to secrete cytokines, chemokines, and related molecules upon stimulation or state change. Moreover, platelets display receptors for numerous types immune effectors and regulators. This secretory function confers to platelets a regulatory role in immunity.Platelets also exhibit non-self infectious danger detection molecules on their surfaces, particularly from the Toll-like receptor (TLR)family; through TLR expression, platelets can bind infectious agents and also deliver different signals for the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Platelets may therefore be regarded as a neglected component of immune cell regulators, and they contribute to some interesting aspects in bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Further, platelets may sense several types of infectious pathogens and limit microbial colonization by sequestering these pathogensand releasing immunomodulatory factors. This review aims,firstly, to revisit some functions that platelets exert directly in anti-infection immunity; it presents experimentally driven arguments in favour of a role for the TLR in regulating certain immune activities. This paper then aims at discussing the role of platelet-originating cytokines in transfusion and at deciphering the circumstances where they are harmful for the patient; nonetheless, besides the harmful side of proinflammatory products released by platelets, they may be some benefits, that are also presented.