Good organizational climate associated with high degree of employees' satisfaction, performance, organizational commitment and decrease the intention to leave work. A descriptive correctional study design was used to determine the correlation between organizational climate and intent to leave work among nurses at main Assuit University Hospital. The total sample size comprised all nurses worked in the selected units was (140) nurse, classified as follows: (89) from general medical unit and (51) from intensive care units. The variables investigated were organizational climate and intent to leave. Data was collected by using the perceived nurse work environment organizational climate scale and the intention to leave factors questionnaire. Our results indicated a negative correlation between organizational climate and nurses’ intention to leave. In view of our findings we recommend that administrative team of Assuit University Hospital should improve the nurse's salaries, maintaining supportive relationships, sharing them in policy making and administrative decisions.

Good organizational climate associated with high degree of employees' satisfaction, performance, organizational commitment and decrease the intention to leave work. A descriptive correctional study design was used to determine the correlation between organizational climate and intent to leave work among nurses at main Assuit University Hospital. The total sample size comprised all nurses worked in the selected units was (140) nurse, classified as follows: (89) from general medical unit and (51) from intensive care units. The variables investigated were organizational climate and intent to leave. Data was collected by using the perceived nurse work environment organizational climate scale and the intention to leave factors questionnaire. Our results indicated a negative correlation between organizational climate and nurses’ intention to leave. In view of our findings we recommend that administrative team of Assuit University Hospital should improve the nurse's salaries, maintaining supportive relationships, sharing them in policy making and administrative decisions.

Women in developing countries face many barriers that prevent them from receiving adequate, timely cervical cancer screening. In Egypt the prevalence of cervical cancer was 7.8/100,000 with 2713 newly annual reported cases. Objectives: to increase women's awareness of cervical cancer risk using counseling and to determine nursing's role in the screening tests. Methods: A cross sectional design of non-pregnant, non-virginal women was recruited. Results: 450 non-pregnant women were counseled and consented for screening. The nurse was able to identify squamous columnar junction 100%. In comparing positive visual inspection with acetic acid(VIA) to pap smear screening results, findings were 17.1% (n=77) and 5.1% (n=68), respectively. In comparing negative VIA to pap smear screening results findings were 82.9% (n=373) and 83.8% (n=377), respectively. Conclusion: Nurse's performing VIA is as effective screening tool for determining precancerous or cancerous lesions.

Women in developing countries face many barriers that prevent them from receiving adequate, timely cervical cancer screening. In Egypt the prevalence of cervical cancer was 7.8/100,000 with 2713 newly annual reported cases. Objectives: to increase women's awareness of cervical cancer risk using counseling and to determine nursing's role in the screening tests. Methods: A cross sectional design of non-pregnant, non-virginal women was recruited. Results: 450 non-pregnant women were counseled and consented for screening. The nurse was able to identify squamous columnar junction 100%. In comparing positive visual inspection with acetic acid(VIA) to pap smear screening results, findings were 17.1% (n=77) and 5.1% (n=68), respectively. In comparing negative VIA to pap smear screening results findings were 82.9% (n=373) and 83.8% (n=377), respectively. Conclusion: Nurse's performing VIA is as effective screening tool for determining precancerous or cancerous lesions.

Women in developing countries face many barriers that prevent them from receiving adequate, timely cervical cancer screening. In Egypt the prevalence of cervical cancer was 7.8/100,000 with 2713 newly annual reported cases. Objectives: to increase women's awareness of cervical cancer risk using counseling and to determine nursing's role in the screening tests. Methods: A cross sectional design of non-pregnant, non-virginal women was recruited. Results: 450 non-pregnant women were counseled and consented for screening. The nurse was able to identify squamous columnar junction 100%. In comparing positive visual inspection with acetic acid(VIA) to pap smear screening results, findings were 17.1% (n=77) and 5.1% (n=68), respectively. In comparing negative VIA to pap smear screening results findings were 82.9% (n=373) and 83.8% (n=377), respectively. Conclusion: Nurse's performing VIA is as effective screening tool for determining precancerous or cancerous lesions.

Women in developing countries face many barriers that prevent them from receiving adequate, timely cervical cancer screening. In Egypt the prevalence of cervical cancer was 7.8/100,000 with 2713 newly annual reported cases. Objectives: to increase women's awareness of cervical cancer risk using counseling and to determine nursing's role in the screening tests. Methods: A cross sectional design of non-pregnant, non-virginal women was recruited. Results: 450 non-pregnant women were counseled and consented for screening. The nurse was able to identify squamous columnar junction 100%. In comparing positive visual inspection with acetic acid(VIA) to pap smear screening results, findings were 17.1% (n=77) and 5.1% (n=68), respectively. In comparing negative VIA to pap smear screening results findings were 82.9% (n=373) and 83.8% (n=377), respectively. Conclusion: Nurse's performing VIA is as effective screening tool for determining precancerous or cancerous lesions.

In Egypt, invasive cervical cancer is the commonest female genital cancer after breast cancer. In 2002, the prevalence of cervical cancer was 7.8/100,000 with 2713 newly annual reported cases. In addition, the mortality of cervical cancer is 6.3/100,000 (2178) Objectives: 1) to increase awareness of women about cervical cancer risk by counseling. 2) To determine nursing’s role in cervical cancer screening, and 3) To define the role of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) as a screening tool for cervical lesions Significant: Women in developing countries face many barriers that prevent them from receiving adequate, timely cervical cancer screening as Lack of awareness of disease, knowledge and prevention of cervical cancer. Disadvantaged economic status is also cited as a reason for lack of screening. Women are more likely to use cervical cancer screening if health care providers are sensitive, respectful, knowledgeable, skilled, and informative. Methods: A cross sectional design was used. A convenient sample consisted of non pregnant, non virginal women from an outpatient clinic in Upper Egypt were recruited. Tools: questionnaire, reporting results of VIA test, cytology and Colposcopy. Results: 450 non-pregnant women were recruited, counseled about cc screening. The nurse was able to identify squamous columnar junction 100% Findings: 15.1% (n=68) of women screened positive for precancerous/cancer compared to 17.1% (n=77) screened with VIA and 82.9 % (n=373) negative as compared to Pap smear results showing 83.8% (n=377) as negative and 10.2% (n=46) screened as atypical cells. Implications: The findings of this study would have tremendous impact on cervical cancer prevention and using nurse providers for counseling and screening in Egypt. Conclusion VIA is as effective as Pap smear for determining precancerous or cancerous cervical lesions.

In Egypt, invasive cervical cancer is the commonest female genital cancer after breast cancer. In 2002, the prevalence of cervical cancer was 7.8/100,000 with 2713 newly annual reported cases. In addition, the mortality of cervical cancer is 6.3/100,000 (2178) Objectives: 1) to increase awareness of women about cervical cancer risk by counseling. 2) To determine nursing’s role in cervical cancer screening, and 3) To define the role of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) as a screening tool for cervical lesions Significant: Women in developing countries face many barriers that prevent them from receiving adequate, timely cervical cancer screening as Lack of awareness of disease, knowledge and prevention of cervical cancer. Disadvantaged economic status is also cited as a reason for lack of screening. Women are more likely to use cervical cancer screening if health care providers are sensitive, respectful, knowledgeable, skilled, and informative. Methods: A cross sectional design was used. A convenient sample consisted of non pregnant, non virginal women from an outpatient clinic in Upper Egypt were recruited. Tools: questionnaire, reporting results of VIA test, cytology and Colposcopy. Results: 450 non-pregnant women were recruited, counseled about cc screening. The nurse was able to identify squamous columnar junction 100% Findings: 15.1% (n=68) of women screened positive for precancerous/cancer compared to 17.1% (n=77) screened with VIA and 82.9 % (n=373) negative as compared to Pap smear results showing 83.8% (n=377) as negative and 10.2% (n=46) screened as atypical cells. Implications: The findings of this study would have tremendous impact on cervical cancer prevention and using nurse providers for counseling and screening in Egypt. Conclusion VIA is as effective as Pap smear for determining precancerous or cancerous cervical lesions.

This article will address ancient Egyptians’ knowledge of the childbirth cycle from preconception to postpartum and the similarities of these practices to modern knowledge and practice. From developing the first recorded pregnancy test to using the favorable position of squatting in labor, the ancient Egyptians exhibited a base of knowledge that more recent use of the scientific method has confirmed. Other practices, such as methods of contraception, can be seen as steps in the evolution of methods used today. Ancient Egyptians emphasized maternal nutrition during pregnancy and care of the newborn and mother immediately postpartum. Newborn assessment in ancient Egypt consisted of two parameters—cry and muscle tone—that exhibits a historical technique analogous to the modern Apgar score. Evidence also indicates that the ancient Egyptians devised strategies to suture perineal tears and manage other postpartum complications. In addition to practices related to pregnancy and childbirth, other contributions of these ancient people to medical practice and vocabulary were associated with general women’s health.

Despite wide disparities of political support, material resources, and systems of initial education, there exists an increasing global recognition that the level of nursing education has a close relationship with access to and quality of care. Still, individual nations also maintain alternative ways of educating nurses that are rooted in strong traditions. This paper explores the systems in China and Egypt. These countries have important differences. Education in China, for example, has been more heavily influenced by models from the United States, whereas Egypt has looked to those from Britain and France. Most striking, however, is what they now share. Both countries’ systems of nursing education are now clearly located in an increasingly global world of health, and health care that recognizes that a more educated nursing workforce remains the critical component of any initiative to better meet health care needs.