Pregnancy and the transition to parenthood involve major psychological and social changes in future parents. These changes have been linked to an increase in anxiety rates and depression symptoms. The aim of the study: was to investigate the prevalence, degrees and risk factors of antenatal depression and anxiety among pregnant women attending El-Eman Specialized Hospital, for antenatal care.

Introduction: There is good evidence that vaginal delivery can be associated with damage to the innervations of the pelvic floor as well as direct trauma to levator ani muscle and endo-pelvic fascia. This may result in the development of genuine stress incontinence. Postpartum stress incontinence can occur in up to 34% of women. Aim of the study was to assess the effect of postpartum women's training with reinforcement of pelvic floor muscles exercise on reduction and improvement of postpartum stress urinary incontinence

Patient satisfaction is a health care recipient's reaction to salient aspects of the context, process and result of their service experience. Meniscal injuries affects 60 to 70 cases per 100,000 people, In the USA, surgical procedures for the meniscus are performed on approximately 850,000 patients each year. The aim of the present study was to assess satisfaction of patients who will undergo arthroscopic knee surgery for meniscal trimming with medical care received in the out-patient arthroscopy clinic. Subjects and methods: A convenient sample of sixty adult patients (male and female) undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery for meniscal trimming were included in this study. The study was conducted at the arthroscopic out-patient clinic at Assiut University Hospital. One tool was utilized to fulfill the aim of this study; Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire PSQ18. Results showed that patients were highly satisfied with technical quality (65.42 %, high satisfaction), followed by satisfaction with communication with the medical team (63.83 %, moderate satisfaction). While they were least satisfied with financial aspects (36.17 %, mild satisfaction). Conclusion: patients were highly satisfied with the technical quality and least satisfied with the financial aspect.

Meniscal injuries affects 60 to 70 cases per 100,000 people, In the USA, surgical procedures for the meniscus are performed on approximately 850,000 patients each year. The aims of the present study were to; assess knowledge and practice of patients undergoing knee arthroscopy for meniscal trimming, evaluate the effect of applying a rehabilitation guidelines on knowledge and practice of patients undergoing knee arthroscopy for meniscal trimming, and to examine the effect of the rehabilitation guidelines on the outcomes of patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery for meniscal trimming. Subjects and methods: A convenient sample of sixty adult patients (male and female) undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery for meniscal trimming were included in this study. The study was conducted at the orthopedic department and arthroscopic out-patient clinic at Assiut University Hospital. Two tools were utilized to fulfill the aims of this study; tool one patient's health needs assessment sheet and it was divided into three parts concerning; patient's sociodemographic characteristics, assessment of patient's physical status using the (modified Cincinnati knee rating scale), and part three was concerned with assessment of patient's knowledge and practices and mid thigh circumference along the four follow up appointments (pre, two weeks, one month and two months post arthroscopic surgery). Tool two represents the rehabilitation guidelines. Results showed that a high statistical significant difference was observed between the study and control groups collectively in all the study periods on the modified Cincinnati knee rating scale, knowledge and practice scores while there was no statistical significant difference in mid thigh circumference. Conclusion: providing written guidelines for patients was much more effective on the outcome of patients who have undergone arthroscopic knee surgery for meniscal trimming than those patients in the control group who received resident's oral instructions. Recommendations: a nurse rehabilitator is of great value in both the orthopedic department and the out-patient arthroscopy clinic and a rehabilitation instructions booklet is of great importance for the patients.

Few studies have assessed knowledge and attitude about electroconvulsive therapy among caregivers of psychiatric patients in Egypt. This study aimed to assessment of knowledge and attitude about electroconvulsive therapy among caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders. Subjects and methods: The studied sample included 450 caregivers of patients; 286 were male and 164 female. They were assessed through scale measures knowledge and attitudes about Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Results: 50.4 % of the participants did not receive information about ECT. High percentages of participants have correct knowledge and held positive attitudes towards ECT. The main significant factor affecting their knowledge and attitudes was the previous experience of their patients with ECT. Conclusion and recommendation: Inspite of their defective knowledge, caregivers of patients have correct knowledge and held positive attitudes towards ECT. Mental health providers have to spend more time to give information to caregivers and patients about ECT.

Few studies have assessed knowledge and attitude about electroconvulsive therapy among caregivers of psychiatric patients in Egypt. This study aimed to assessment of knowledge and attitude about electroconvulsive therapy among caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders. Subjects and methods: The studied sample included 450 caregivers of patients; 286 were male and 164 female. They were assessed through scale measures knowledge and attitudes about Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Results: 50.4 % of the participants did not receive information about ECT. High percentages of participants have correct knowledge and held positive attitudes towards ECT. The main significant factor affecting their knowledge and attitudes was the previous experience of their patients with ECT. Conclusion and recommendation: Inspite of their defective knowledge, caregivers of patients have correct knowledge and held positive attitudes towards ECT. Mental health providers have to spend more time to give information to caregivers and patients about ECT.

Abstract Child abuse is a major life stressor that has consequences involving the mental health of an adult but; the majority of studies examining the negative consequences of abuse have been focused on adolescences and young adults. The aim of the present study was to explore child abuse at school in Assiut governorate Material and methods, interviews were conducted individually with randomly selected pupils by utilizing child abuse scale. The sample comprised of 1247 pupils from preparatory schools randomly selected from different schools among district and its village in Assiut governorate. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between physical abuse and sociodemographic characteristics of pupils such as pupil's sex, residence, and school types. Also there was statistically significant relation between sexual abuse and child parent relationship and school types. Conclusion: Most of school children experienced mild degree of physical, emotional, sexual abuse (81.6%, 63.0%, and 88.5%).

Abstract Child abuse is a major life stressor that has consequences involving the mental health of an adult but; the majority of studies examining the negative consequences of abuse have been focused on adolescences and young adults. The aim of the present study was to explore child abuse at school in Assiut governorate Material and methods, interviews were conducted individually with randomly selected pupils by utilizing child abuse scale. The sample comprised of 1247 pupils from preparatory schools randomly selected from different schools among district and its village in Assiut governorate. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between physical abuse and sociodemographic characteristics of pupils such as pupil's sex, residence, and school types. Also there was statistically significant relation between sexual abuse and child parent relationship and school types. Conclusion: Most of school children experienced mild degree of physical, emotional, sexual abuse (81.6%, 63.0%, and 88.5%).

Abstract Postpartum depression is a serious public health concern because of its demonstrated adverse consequences on the development of maternal confidence and the cognitive, emotional and social development of their infant. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and severity of postpartum depression among women at El Eman's Specialized Hospital and examine the main predictors for postpartum depression among these women during the first three months postpartum. The study was carried out in the Family Planning out patient's Clinic, El Eman Specialized Hospital at Assiut City, Egypt. The study sample comprised 110 pregnant women. Three tools were used for data collection, namely: Sociodemographic Data Structured Interview schedules, postpartum depression predictors inventory (PDPI), and Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale. The main results yielded by the study proved that, 42.73% of the studied sample were in the age group from 25 to 30 years, the majority of sample were house wives (84.5 %) , 29.1 % of sample feeling of depression during pregnancy , 50% of them suffering from anxiety during pregnancy , 44.5% of them feeling of maternity blues and 80.7% of women had post- partum depression . the study recommended to help women to improve the outcome of families suffering with post-partum depression by engaging in routine screening and providing education and referral sources to women .

Care of schizophrenic patients is enduring stress and leads to considerable amount of burden among caregivers. Little is known about the ways in which families cope while caring for a relative with schizophrenia in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to explore burden and coping strategies in caregivers of schizophrenic patients and identify the relationship between burden and coping strategies among them. Caregivers were assessed by utilizing caregiver burden self report and ways of coping questionnaires. A descriptive co relational design was used on the study. The sample comprised of 100 caregivers of schizophrenic patients from psychiatric in patient and the out patient clinic of neuropsychiatry at Assiut university hospital. The result revealed that level of burden reported by caregivers of schizophrenic patients was high. The most coping strategies used by caregivers of schizophrenic patients were self controlling, positive reappraisal and escape-avoidance. Burden was negatively and non significantly correlated with confrontive coping, distancing, seeking social support and positive reappraisal coping strategies. However, it was positively and non significantly correlated with self controlling, accepting responsibility, escape- avoidance and planful problem solving. Socio demographic variables were not associated significantly with burden and coping strategies. Conclusion: Caregivers experienced high level of burden. Burden was non significantly correlated with coping strategies. Recommendation: Psycho educational program is needed to assist caregivers cope successfully with burden that result from the care of schizophrenic patients.