Mothers' Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Acute Diarrheal Disease at Outpatient Clinic ,Assiut University Children's Hospital *Amel A. Mohamed,** Khalid I.El Sayh, *Safaa A.M. Kotb, *Neama M .El Magrabi *Community Health Nursing ., Faculty of Nursing., Assuit University ** Pediatrics Medicine ., Faculty of Medicine., Assuit University Abstract: Background: Diarrhea occurs world wide and causes 4% of all deaths. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 2.2 million people globally each year, mostly children in developing countries. In 2008, Egypt prevalence of diarrhea in children aged under five years who receiving Oral Rehydration Solution is 28.4 %. Aim of the study was to assess mothers' knowledge and attitude regarding management of acute diarrhea .Subject and Method: cross sectional study was used. It included 600 randomly selected mothers from Assiut University Children's Hospital during 2012. Data Collection from mothers through two tools; first tool was interview questionnaire sheet. It consisted of two parts; first part included Socio-demographic data and the second part mothers' knowledge about diarrhea. The second tool included likert scale to assess mothers' attitude towards diarrhea. Results: The mean age of mothers ± SD was 26.08 ± 5.401, with no significant relation between mothers' age and their knowledge regarding diarrhea . As regards level of education, it was observed that about than two fifth (40.7%) of mothers were illiterate, while only 9.3% of them were high education. 57.8 % of mothers had satisfactory knowledge of about diarrhea. While, 86.2% of them had positive attitude towards diarrheal disease. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between mothers' knowledge and their education level. Also, there was a significant difference between numbers of diarrheal episodes and type of feeding. Recommendations: It is very important to provide good sanitation and improvement of housing conditions especially in rural areas.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an emerging global epidemic disease. Egypt reported the highest incidence in the world. Aim of the study: To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of barbers and their customers regarding HCV and HBV. Setting: The study carried out in Assiut District and City. Design: Descriptive research design. Sample: Included 350 participants (175 barbers and 175 customers). Tools of the study: Data collected by three tools; Tool (1): interview form included three parts; first part included demographic data; second part included assessment of medical and surgical history of barbers and customers and third part included assessment of knowledge regarding the HCV&HBV. Tool (2): Included Likert attitude scale. Tool (3): Observational checklist to assess practices of barbers and customers. Results: Majority of barbers and their customers (88.6% and 80.6% respectively) had poor knowledge regarding HCV and HBV. Conclusion: There was a statistical significant difference among customers' knowledge, their level of education and their residence. Moreover there was a significant difference between customers' attitude and their residence. Recommendations: Need for ongoing training and retraining programs for barbers regarding methods of prevention of parentally transmitted hepatitis. Increase public awareness about risk factors and prevention methods of HCV and HBV infection.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an emerging global epidemic disease. Egypt reported the highest incidence in the world. Aim of the study: To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of barbers and their customers regarding HCV and HBV. Setting: The study carried out in Assiut District and City. Design: Descriptive research design. Sample: Included 350 participants (175 barbers and 175 customers). Tools of the study: Data collected by three tools; Tool (1): interview form included three parts; first part included demographic data; second part included assessment of medical and surgical history of barbers and customers and third part included assessment of knowledge regarding the HCV&HBV. Tool (2): Included Likert attitude scale. Tool (3): Observational checklist to assess practices of barbers and customers. Results: Majority of barbers and their customers (88.6% and 80.6% respectively) had poor knowledge regarding HCV and HBV. Conclusion: There was a statistical significant difference among customers' knowledge, their level of education and their residence. Moreover there was a significant difference between customers' attitude and their residence. Recommendations: Need for ongoing training and retraining programs for barbers regarding methods of prevention of parentally transmitted hepatitis. Increase public awareness about risk factors and prevention methods of HCV and HBV infection.

Abstract : Persons with disabilities represent a significant portion of the world’s population and are part of every community. They find that information on reproductive health is often inaccessible to them. many young people with disabilities do not receive even basic information about how their bodies develop and change as they mature. Aim of the study: evaluate the impact of health education program on knowledge of blind and deaf adolescent girls about Reproductive Health in Assiut Governorate. Subjects and methods: The study was Quasi-experimental research design. It was conducted in Al Noor school for blind and Al Amal School for deaf girls in Assiut Governorate. The total studied sample was 80 girls. Tools of the study: a structured interview sheet was used which divided to two parts: part (1) included students' socio-demographic data and menstrual history of disabled girls, part (2) included questions to assess disabled girls’ knowledge about reproductive health. Post-test was done immediately and after 3 months to assess the impact of the program. Results: 36.2% of the studied sample their ages ranged from 16-18 years and (42.5%) of them were secondary school. 91.2% mentioned menstruation as one of their changes during adolescence also, (83.8%) of them mentioned breast growth. All the studied sample (100%) has poor knowledge regarding to reproductive health in pre test while their knowledge improved in post test to 58.8%. There was highly statistically significant difference between disabled girls' knowledge and type of disability in follow-up test (P= 0.000*). Conclusion: All the studied girls have poor knowledge in pre test while after implementation the education programe their knowledge were improved. The study recommended that: Continues health education programs should be implemented for increasing awareness of them about reproductive health.

Abstract : Persons with disabilities represent a significant portion of the world’s population and are part of every community. They find that information on reproductive health is often inaccessible to them. many young people with disabilities do not receive even basic information about how their bodies develop and change as they mature. Aim of the study: evaluate the impact of health education program on knowledge of blind and deaf adolescent girls about Reproductive Health in Assiut Governorate. Subjects and methods: The study was Quasi-experimental research design. It was conducted in Al Noor school for blind and Al Amal School for deaf girls in Assiut Governorate. The total studied sample was 80 girls. Tools of the study: a structured interview sheet was used which divided to two parts: part (1) included students' socio-demographic data and menstrual history of disabled girls, part (2) included questions to assess disabled girls’ knowledge about reproductive health. Post-test was done immediately and after 3 months to assess the impact of the program. Results: 36.2% of the studied sample their ages ranged from 16-18 years and (42.5%) of them were secondary school. 91.2% mentioned menstruation as one of their changes during adolescence also, (83.8%) of them mentioned breast growth. All the studied sample (100%) has poor knowledge regarding to reproductive health in pre test while their knowledge improved in post test to 58.8%. There was highly statistically significant difference between disabled girls' knowledge and type of disability in follow-up test (P= 0.000*). Conclusion: All the studied girls have poor knowledge in pre test while after implementation the education programe their knowledge were improved. The study recommended that: Continues health education programs should be implemented for increasing awareness of them about reproductive health.

Abstract : Persons with disabilities represent a significant portion of the world’s population and are part of every community. They find that information on reproductive health is often inaccessible to them. many young people with disabilities do not receive even basic information about how their bodies develop and change as they mature. Aim of the study: evaluate the impact of health education program on knowledge of blind and deaf adolescent girls about Reproductive Health in Assiut Governorate. Subjects and methods: The study was Quasi-experimental research design. It was conducted in Al Noor school for blind and Al Amal School for deaf girls in Assiut Governorate. The total studied sample was 80 girls. Tools of the study: a structured interview sheet was used which divided to two parts: part (1) included students' socio-demographic data and menstrual history of disabled girls, part (2) included questions to assess disabled girls’ knowledge about reproductive health. Post-test was done immediately and after 3 months to assess the impact of the program. Results: 36.2% of the studied sample their ages ranged from 16-18 years and (42.5%) of them were secondary school. 91.2% mentioned menstruation as one of their changes during adolescence also, (83.8%) of them mentioned breast growth. All the studied sample (100%) has poor knowledge regarding to reproductive health in pre test while their knowledge improved in post test to 58.8%. There was highly statistically significant difference between disabled girls' knowledge and type of disability in follow-up test (P= 0.000*). Conclusion: All the studied girls have poor knowledge in pre test while after implementation the education programe their knowledge were improved. The study recommended that: Continues health education programs should be implemented for increasing awareness of them about reproductive health.

Background: Persons with disabilities represent a significant portion of the world’s population and they are part of every community. They find that information on reproductive health (RH) is often inaccessible to them. Aim: evaluate the impact of an educational program about RH for blind and deaf adolescent girls. Methods: it was Quasi-experimental research design which conducted in Al Noor and Al Amal Schools in Assiut Governorate. The total sample was 80 girls. Tools: it included three tools: - a structured interview sheet, to assess disabled girls’ knowledge and attitudes towards RH and an observational checklist (using doll) to assess practice related perineal care. Results: All the studied sample (100%) has poor knowledge regarding to RH in pre test while their knowledge improved in post test to 58.8%. Regarding to perineal care, all of the studied sample (100%) carried out all steps of perineal care except three steps which include the correct direction for cleaning the perineum, while their practice improved in post and follow up test. Conclusion: All the studied girls have poor knowledge in pre test while after implementation the education programe their knowledge were improved (P= ≤ 0.001). Recommendation: Continues health education programs should be implemented for increasing awareness of them about reproductive health.

Background: Persons with disabilities represent a significant portion of the world’s population and they are part of every community. They find that information on reproductive health (RH) is often inaccessible to them. Aim: evaluate the impact of an educational program about RH for blind and deaf adolescent girls. Methods: it was Quasi-experimental research design which conducted in Al Noor and Al Amal Schools in Assiut Governorate. The total sample was 80 girls. Tools: it included three tools: - a structured interview sheet, to assess disabled girls’ knowledge and attitudes towards RH and an observational checklist (using doll) to assess practice related perineal care. Results: All the studied sample (100%) has poor knowledge regarding to RH in pre test while their knowledge improved in post test to 58.8%. Regarding to perineal care, all of the studied sample (100%) carried out all steps of perineal care except three steps which include the correct direction for cleaning the perineum, while their practice improved in post and follow up test. Conclusion: All the studied girls have poor knowledge in pre test while after implementation the education programe their knowledge were improved (P= ≤ 0.001). Recommendation: Continues health education programs should be implemented for increasing awareness of them about reproductive health.

Premarital care is considered a public health measure as it is the essential part of primary and preventive care. Premarital care (PMC) is a worldwide activity aiming to diagnose, treat unrecognized disorders, and reduce transmission of diseases to couples. Aim of this study: This study aimed at assessing Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices among Prospective Couples about Premarital Health Care, In El-Minia City. Methods and Materials: A Descriptive research design was adopted to conduct this study. A systematic random sample was conducted among 500 prospective couples. The present study was conducted in Premarital Health Care Clinics (PMHCs) of main Maternal and Child Health Center (MCHc) related to Directorate of Health Affairs of El-Minia city. Data collected by using: structured interviewing sheet to assess the Knowledge and practice of the prospective couples about premarital health care & personal inventory to assess attitude toward premarital health care. Results: The study revealed that the majority of both prospective couples agreed to do premarital investigations. There was highly significance difference between both groups as regards the importance of premarital screening. Also, there was good knowledge and positive attitudes about premarital healthcare between both prospective couples. Regards to practice, this study revealed that female study participants take more care and practice than male participants do. Recommendations: More researches on young age group's knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about new life, responsibility and couples roles need to be done. More attention should be given to people at risk related to consanguineous marriage.

Pregnancy and the transition to parenthood involve major psychological and social changes in future parents. These changes have been linked to an increase in anxiety rates and depression symptoms. The aim of the study: was to investigate the prevalence, degrees and risk factors of antenatal depression and anxiety among pregnant women attending El-Eman Specialized Hospital, for antenatal care.