Abstract: Background: There has always been an asking question with obstetricians and health staff whether delivery mode can affects child intelligence. This study was conducted to compare the intelligence quotient (IQ) of pre-school aged children delivered by cesarean section (C.S) and spontaneous vaginal delivery (S.V.D) in Minia city. Aim of the study: to determine effect of mode of delivery on children IQ at pre-school age in Minia city. Materials and Methods: structured interviewing sheet including: Socio-demographic data such as (mother's age, level of education, etc), obstetrical history including (Number of deliveries, duration of labor, etc), Child history including (gestational age of the child/ week, birth weight / Kg, etc). And "Good enough & Harries" intelligence test were used. Design: Cross sectional descriptive research design. Setting: data were collected from Nursery schools in Minia City. Sampling: Three hundreds children were included in this study; they were divided into two groups (150 children delivered by S.V.D and 150 children delivered by C.S). Results: The study results revealed that there are no statistically significant differences between children IQ scores based on mode of delivery at (P 0.05). On the other hand by using other advanced statistical technique called "stepwise regression" having the ability to determine variables which can predict the children IQ, in this study it was found that we can predict children IQ through three variables which are: S.V.D that was related to higher IQ scores, mother's age and number of deliveries in a direct negative relation at (P 0.05). Conclusion & recommendations: Based on our findings, the association between cesarean deliveries with better cognitive development in children cannot be supported. Key words :Mode of delivery, IQ Intelligence Quotient

Abstract : Hydrotherapy is an effective, alternative intervention that can be used by care providers as a nonpharmacological pain relief method to help laboring women cope with labor. A wide variety of pain relief measures are available to women in labor. This study assessed nurses' knowledge about the use of hydrotherapy as a nonpharmacologic pain-relief techniques during labor and identify the barriers of hydrotherapy to be used in Women's Health Center, Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt. Descriptive study design was utilized in this study. Subjects and methods included all nurses who work in obstetrics department, Women's Health Center, Assiut University Hospitals were included in the study. They are all 120 nurses. This study provides nurses knowledge of the state of hydrotherapy among and the science of the effects of hydrotherapy with labor and delivery. The physiologic mechanism, benefits, practice implications, and barriers of the use of hydrotherapy during labor all are assessed by the nurses during implementation of this study through a structured self administrative questionnaire. Results of This study provides nurses knowledge about using hydrotherapy during labor. They showed that approximately three quarter (73.3%) of the participant nurses' knowledge were adequate , while (26.7) of nurses had inadequate knowledge about the use of hydrotherapy in labor. Nurses encounter that hospital policy(100%) followed by environmental factors(52%) are the major barriers to the use of hydrotherapy in labor. Effort required for hydrotherapy(48%) and human resources (41%) are indicated to be equivalent barrier of the use of hydrotherapy in labor. Their knowledge represented (26.7%) and not considered to be a major contributing barrier to the use of hydrotherapy during labor. We concluded that providing hydrotherapy requires a supportive environment, adequate nursing staffing , applied polices and collaborative relationships among the health care team.

Abstract : Hydrotherapy is an effective, alternative intervention that can be used by care providers as a nonpharmacological pain relief method to help laboring women cope with labor. A wide variety of pain relief measures are available to women in labor. This study assessed nurses' knowledge about the use of hydrotherapy as a nonpharmacologic pain-relief techniques during labor and identify the barriers of hydrotherapy to be used in Women's Health Center, Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt. Descriptive study design was utilized in this study. Subjects and methods included all nurses who work in obstetrics department, Women's Health Center, Assiut University Hospitals were included in the study. They are all 120 nurses. This study provides nurses knowledge of the state of hydrotherapy among and the science of the effects of hydrotherapy with labor and delivery. The physiologic mechanism, benefits, practice implications, and barriers of the use of hydrotherapy during labor all are assessed by the nurses during implementation of this study through a structured self administrative questionnaire. Results of This study provides nurses knowledge about using hydrotherapy during labor. They showed that approximately three quarter (73.3%) of the participant nurses' knowledge were adequate , while (26.7) of nurses had inadequate knowledge about the use of hydrotherapy in labor. Nurses encounter that hospital policy(100%) followed by environmental factors(52%) are the major barriers to the use of hydrotherapy in labor. Effort required for hydrotherapy(48%) and human resources (41%) are indicated to be equivalent barrier of the use of hydrotherapy in labor. Their knowledge represented (26.7%) and not considered to be a major contributing barrier to the use of hydrotherapy during labor. We concluded that providing hydrotherapy requires a supportive environment, adequate nursing staffing , applied polices and collaborative relationships among the health care team.

Abstract: Premenstrual syndrome is a common health problem affecting females and because of its cyclic occurrence it is postulated to have different effects on quality of life. Aim of this study was to assess the female employee knowledge and practice about premenstrual syndrome and its effect on daily life activities. Method and materials: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on one hundred and thirteen women. A specially designed self-administered questionnaire was developed which included socio-demographic data, obstetrical history, symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), source of information about PMS, its effect on daily life activities and work and management of premenstrual syndrome. Results: The study revealed that the mean age ± SD of the studied sample was (31.7 ± 9) years, (84.96%) of the studied samples were normal age of menarche, (61.95%) of the females were taken information about PMS from mothers, (63.72%) of the studied samples were had an effect on work. The most common reported physical symptom of PMS (79.64%) was backache while the most common reported Psychiatric symptom (76.99%) was worry. The measures practiced by the studied sample to overcome symptoms of PMS were (warm drinks, warm bathing, sports and activities, comfortable and rest period and medications).PMS symptoms was significantly more intense in the single female participants. Conclusion, PMS had an effect on work and daily life activities of female employee working in El- Minia University. Health education, appropriate medical treatment and counseling services, as part and parcel of the overall health service, should be provided to the affected female.

Association between the Hygiene Practices for Genital Organs and Sexual Activity on Urinary Tract infection in Pregnant Women at women's Health Center, At Assiut University Hospital Manal F.Moustafa¹ and Entesar M. Makhlouf² Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Assuit University Egypt Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are very common in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the association of Hygiene Practices for Genital Organs and Sexual Activity with Urinary Tract infection in Pregnant Women at women's Health Center, At Assiut University Hospital .This was descriptive analytical observational study with cross- sectional. The study sample consisted of (150) women for out patient department in Women's Health Center with urinary tract infection for one year start from December 2009 to December 2010.The result of study showed that the mean age of women were 28.4±6.0 years, the majority of women (82%) multi Para , Three quarter of women (75.3%) do sexual intercourse more than 3+ /week during last month, All the sample (100%) 0f women don’t wash genitalia before intercourse. The majority of women (94.6%) don’t wash genital organ in correct direction , (81.3%) drunk only one liter of fluid/ day .Later found more than half of women (58%) had recurrent urinary tract infection it was found that their are statistical significant p value (0.001*) between recurrent (UTI) & micturate after intercourse, wash genitalia after micturation, dry genitalia after micturation, Frequency of bathing/week ,frequency of changing underwear /day , Amount of fluids drunk/day (liter). Also found their are statistical significant p value (0.0046*) between wash in correct direction & recurrent infection, conclusion their are association between Hygiene Practices for Genital Organs and Sexual Activity on Urinary Tract infection. It is recommended Simple &correct hygiene measures may be appropriate to prevent UTI

Association between the Hygiene Practices for Genital Organs and Sexual Activity on Urinary Tract infection in Pregnant Women at women's Health Center, At Assiut University Hospital Manal F.Moustafa¹ and Entesar M. Makhlouf² Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Assuit University Egypt Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are very common in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the association of Hygiene Practices for Genital Organs and Sexual Activity with Urinary Tract infection in Pregnant Women at women's Health Center, At Assiut University Hospital .This was descriptive analytical observational study with cross- sectional. The study sample consisted of (150) women for out patient department in Women's Health Center with urinary tract infection for one year start from December 2009 to December 2010.The result of study showed that the mean age of women were 28.4±6.0 years, the majority of women (82%) multi Para , Three quarter of women (75.3%) do sexual intercourse more than 3+ /week during last month, All the sample (100%) 0f women don’t wash genitalia before intercourse. The majority of women (94.6%) don’t wash genital organ in correct direction , (81.3%) drunk only one liter of fluid/ day .Later found more than half of women (58%) had recurrent urinary tract infection it was found that their are statistical significant p value (0.001*) between recurrent (UTI) & micturate after intercourse, wash genitalia after micturation, dry genitalia after micturation, Frequency of bathing/week ,frequency of changing underwear /day , Amount of fluids drunk/day (liter). Also found their are statistical significant p value (0.0046*) between wash in correct direction & recurrent infection, conclusion their are association between Hygiene Practices for Genital Organs and Sexual Activity on Urinary Tract infection. It is recommended Simple &correct hygiene measures may be appropriate to prevent UTI

ABSTRACT Pediculus humanus capitis is a worldwide public health concern that affects mostly primary school age children. Objective: the aim of present study was conduct a screening to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school children, and to identify knowledge and associated risk factors of head lice infestation among primary school students in Assiut City. Methods: A descriptive study design was performed in 4 randomly selected public schools; the sample size of the study was 1335 pupils in 4 primary schools in Assiut city who were selected by multistage, systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of students was 8.9+1.9 year and age group ranged between 6-13 years. Almost two thirds of the students were infested. There were significant relationship between head lice infestation and age, sex, hair length, and risk factors behaviors. There were no significant relationship between head lice infestation and mother' education or job. Also, the majority of students have correct knowledge about head lice infestation, treatment and prevention; however they can't control the risky behaviors. The risky behaviors included: sharing beds and towels, head covers, combs and head to head contact. Conclusion: A high rate of head lice infestation was demonstrated among almost two thirds of the students. The results indicated that female gender, long hair, young age-group 69 years old, positive history of previous infestation, sharing of beds and combs, and family overcrowding were the main risk factors for the head lice infestation. Recommendation: There is a need for continuous health education program for increasing improving the healthy behaviors and raising the awareness of students, parents, teachers and nurses about nit free school environment to prevent head lice infestation. © 2015 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.

ABSTRACT Pediculus humanus capitis is a worldwide public health concern that affects mostly primary school age children. Objective: the aim of present study was conduct a screening to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school children, and to identify knowledge and associated risk factors of head lice infestation among primary school students in Assiut City. Methods: A descriptive study design was performed in 4 randomly selected public schools; the sample size of the study was 1335 pupils in 4 primary schools in Assiut city who were selected by multistage, systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of students was 8.9+1.9 year and age group ranged between 6-13 years. Almost two thirds of the students were infested. There were significant relationship between head lice infestation and age, sex, hair length, and risk factors behaviors. There were no significant relationship between head lice infestation and mother' education or job. Also, the majority of students have correct knowledge about head lice infestation, treatment and prevention; however they can't control the risky behaviors. The risky behaviors included: sharing beds and towels, head covers, combs and head to head contact. Conclusion: A high rate of head lice infestation was demonstrated among almost two thirds of the students. The results indicated that female gender, long hair, young age-group 69 years old, positive history of previous infestation, sharing of beds and combs, and family overcrowding were the main risk factors for the head lice infestation. Recommendation: There is a need for continuous health education program for increasing improving the healthy behaviors and raising the awareness of students, parents, teachers and nurses about nit free school environment to prevent head lice infestation. © 2015 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.

ABSTRACT Pediculus humanus capitis is a worldwide public health concern that affects mostly primary school age children. Objective: the aim of present study was conduct a screening to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school children, and to identify knowledge and associated risk factors of head lice infestation among primary school students in Assiut City. Methods: A descriptive study design was performed in 4 randomly selected public schools; the sample size of the study was 1335 pupils in 4 primary schools in Assiut city who were selected by multistage, systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of students was 8.9+1.9 year and age group ranged between 6-13 years. Almost two thirds of the students were infested. There were significant relationship between head lice infestation and age, sex, hair length, and risk factors behaviors. There were no significant relationship between head lice infestation and mother' education or job. Also, the majority of students have correct knowledge about head lice infestation, treatment and prevention; however they can't control the risky behaviors. The risky behaviors included: sharing beds and towels, head covers, combs and head to head contact. Conclusion: A high rate of head lice infestation was demonstrated among almost two thirds of the students. The results indicated that female gender, long hair, young age-group 69 years old, positive history of previous infestation, sharing of beds and combs, and family overcrowding were the main risk factors for the head lice infestation. Recommendation: There is a need for continuous health education program for increasing improving the healthy behaviors and raising the awareness of students, parents, teachers and nurses about nit free school environment to prevent head lice infestation. © 2015 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.

glaucoma is aleading cause of blindness worldwide. the study aimed to assess participants knowldge regarding glaucoma.methods: Quasi experimental research design carried out in Assiut University. it included 1000 participants aged forty and more. Tools: Data collected by using two tool: 1 interview form consisted of three parts: first part included demographic characteristics.the second part assessment of ophthalmic , medical and family history. third part assessment of knowledge regarding glaucoma.tool2:eye examination.done by using tonopen device, perimetry and ophthalmoscopy. the main result of present study were: 94.5% of the employees had unsatisfactory knowledge regarding glaucoma.there is was statistical significant difference between employees level of knowledge and their education. it concluded that : the employees had poor knowledge about glaucoma in pre test while after implementation the educational program their knowledge was improved. it was recommended that : periodic health education programs should be implemented for employees with chronic disease every year.