In this work, carbon steel surface was coated with Al2O3–40 wt% TiO2 composite using thermal spraying method. The tribological properties of the plasma-sprayed Al2O3–40 wt% TiO2 coating were investigated with a tribometer (pin-on-disc) to evaluate and compare the wear properties of coated and uncoated samples under different loads. Additionally, cumulative weight analysis was done to compare wear loss. The results indicate significant anti-wear improvement with an increase in TiO2 from 13 wt% to 40 wt%. The corrosion on coated and uncoated samples was analyzed using AC and DC methods, namely open circuit potential from potentio-dynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3% NaCl solution for 20 days.

End milling is a multipoint cutting process in which material is removed from a workpiece by a rotating tool. It is widely used in cutting 2.5D profiles such as point-to-point, contouring, and pocketing operations. 2.5D machining possesses the capability to translate in all 3 axes but can perform the cutting operation in only 2 of the 3 axes at a time. This study focuses on optimizing the cutting parameters, such as machined surface inclinationangle, axial depth of cut, spindle speed, and feed rate for better surface integrity, namely, microhardness, residual stress, and microstructure in 2.5D cutting utilizing a titanium-coated carbide ball end mill. An optimization method known as Taguchi optimization, which includes planning, conducting, and analyzing results of matrix experiments, was used in order to achieve the best cutting parameter level. Data analysis was conducted using signal-to-noise () and target performance measurement (TPM) response analysis and analysis of variance (Pareto ANOVA). The optimum condition results obtained through analysis show improvements in microhardness of about 0.7%, residual stress in the feed direction of about 18.6%, and residual stress in the cutting direction of about 15.4%.

Binary (Ti/TiN and Cr/CrN) and ternary (TiCr/TiCrN) thin films were deposited on AL7075-T6 by magnetron sputtering. Microhardness, adhesion strength and pin-on-plate wear tests were performed to investigate coating performance. Field emission scanning electron microscope integrated with focused ion beam milling and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was employed for microstructural and chemical characterizations. The tribo-mechanical test results revealed that Cr/CrN promoted up to 5 times greater hardness, Ti/TiN showed the highest scratch resistance and up to 8 times reduced wear, while TiCr/TiCrN favored the least friction and surface roughness. Furthermore, the excellent tribological properties of coatings correlated with their superior adhesion to AL7075-T6.

Bond between reinforcement and the adjoining concrete has been extensively studied, and it is confirmed that the use of deformed bars is essential for composite behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. But since bond between the longitudinal bars and concrete results in concentration of damage at a specific localized interval of longitudinal bars where the local buckling occurs, Takiguchi et al. (1976) suggested mitigating this concentration of damage through unbonding of the longitudinal bars from concrete at plastic hinge zone. Kawashima et al. (2001) conducted an experimental study on RC columns reinforced with different lengths of unbonded bars at the plastic hinge zone. It was noticed that the failure of concrete was much less in the unbonded column than standard column, and strain on unbonded bar was less than that on the reinforcement of standard column. Recently, to improve the seismic performance of RC members, it is highlighted in the study of Pandey and Mutsuyoshi (2005) that reducing bond strength between the longitudinal bars and concrete has a favored effect on the failure mode, shear capacity and ductility of RC bridge piers: failure mode at ultimate state is changed from shear to flexural and shear strength and ductility are increased. In the performance-based design approach, the design is primarily focused on meeting a performance objective, which is in line with a desired level of service (Floren et al., 2001, Priestley et al., 2007). For instance, new seismic design philosophies for bridges recommend that important bridges subject to massive earthquakes should be able to sustain the expected maximum lateral force in the inelastic stage with limited damages. To achieve this aim, structure should realize the existence of post-yield stiffness, damage level should be limited, and its permanent deformations (residual deformations) should be smaller than a specified limit; and all these indices are essentially dependent on the composite behavior of RC structures. On the other hand, the studies of Kawashima et al. (2001) & Pandey and Mutsuyoshi (2005) revealed the importance of reducing concrete-to-steel bond to mitigate the concentrated damage in the plastic hinge zone. In the last two decades, civil engineers and designers have attempted to develop and adopt new forms of materials that would assist in the building of stronger, larger, more longer