Female adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) often face poorer general health due to limitations in adaptive behavior. This study aimed to explore health behaviors in female adolescents with ID and assess the impact of disability severity on their health awareness. A total of 406 female adolescents were evaluated using the Health Awareness Questionnaire. The results revealed significant differences in teachers’ ratings of the participants’ health behaviors. The adolescents with ID were reported to exhibit moderate levels of nutrition, reproductive health, and digital health behaviors, while demonstrating a high level of physical fitness. Additionally, analyses of the severity of disability highlighted notable differences in health behaviors across the participants. These findings suggest that tailored interventions, addressing specific health areas such as nutrition, reproductive health, and digital behavior, could enhance the overall health and well-being of female adolescents with ID. The study provides essential data for planning individualized health interventions aimed at improving the quality of life for this vulnerable group.