This study aimed to study the effects of early dietary supplementing with some performance promoters (Molasses, Sugar syrup and Yeast) to the Japanese quail starter ration during the first two weeks of age on the growth performance, carcass traits and some blood constituents. Chicks in first group (control, C) were fed on a commercial mash ration without any addition, while those in the treatments (1, 2 and 3) were fed on the same ration supplemented with (10g molasses, 10g sugar syrup and 10g yeast/kg ration), respectively. Feed and water were available ad lib. and all the other managerial conditions were the same during the experimental period. The important achieved results could be concluded as follow: 1- The chicks fed on a commercial starter supplemented with 10g yeast + 40 cm3 water/kg ration had significantly increased body weight, body weight gain, while the increase was only insignificant by supplementing 10 g sugar syrup and 10 g molasses as compared to the control group. 2- The carcass traits as well as some blood constituents of the birds fed on the starter ration, supplemented with each of the yeast, sugar syrup and molasses increased relatively, in addition to the decreased in mortality percentage as compared to those of the control group. Due to the previous advantages of the tested performance promoters, their use as early dietary supplementations during the first two weeks of Japanese quail age is highly recommended.

Early feeding is important for the development of the digestive and the immune system. It appears to stimulate the development of the gastrointestinal tract (small and large intestine) and to increase the growth performance of birds. The influence of some feed manipulations in early feeding on growth performance and carcass characteristics was studied in 150 broiler chicks. The experimental chicks assigned to five groups (30 birds /each). Birds fed basic diet, and considered as control group (C). While, the first, second and third treatment (T1, T2, T3 and T4) was fed on diets containing 10% of skim milk, molasses, fresh whole egg and fresh fish meat, respectively. All experimental birds were raised under similar environmental and managerial conditions. Results indicated that supplementing diets with skim milk, molasses, fresh egg and fresh fish meat significantly (P 0.05) increased body weight &body weight gains and improved feed conversion compared to control birds. Birds fed diets contained molasses and fresh fish meat significantly (P 0.05 increased body weight gains and improved feed conversion compared with that obtained from birds either fed diets contained skim milk and fresh whole egg. Also, molasses and fresh fish meat supplementations groups had superior dressed carcass, gizzard and liver percentages and immune responses. Otherwise, no significant differences (P≤0.05) existed in abdominal fat, carcass cutup parts, meat quality traits, blood parameters, bone measurements, plumage conditions and mortality rate. It could be concluded that birds fed a diet containing 10% of molasses and fresh fish meat during growing period had high performance and economical efficiency. Consequently, it could be recommended to present the diets containing 10% of molasses and fresh fish meat for broiler chicks during early feeding period.

Early feeding is important for the development of the digestive and the immune system. It appears to stimulate the development of the gastrointestinal tract (small and large intestine) and to increase the growth performance of birds. The influence of some feed manipulations in early feeding on growth performance and carcass characteristics was studied in 150 broiler chicks. The experimental chicks assigned to five groups (30 birds /each). Birds fed basic diet, and considered as control group (C). While, the first, second and third treatment (T1, T2, T3 and T4) was fed on diets containing 10% of skim milk, molasses, fresh whole egg and fresh fish meat, respectively. All experimental birds were raised under similar environmental and managerial conditions. Results indicated that supplementing diets with skim milk, molasses, fresh egg and fresh fish meat significantly (P 0.05) increased body weight &body weight gains and improved feed conversion compared to control birds. Birds fed diets contained molasses and fresh fish meat significantly (P 0.05 increased body weight gains and improved feed conversion compared with that obtained from birds either fed diets contained skim milk and fresh whole egg. Also, molasses and fresh fish meat supplementations groups had superior dressed carcass, gizzard and liver percentages and immune responses. Otherwise, no significant differences (P≤0.05) existed in abdominal fat, carcass cutup parts, meat quality traits, blood parameters, bone measurements, plumage conditions and mortality rate. It could be concluded that birds fed a diet containing 10% of molasses and fresh fish meat during growing period had high performance and economical efficiency. Consequently, it could be recommended to present the diets containing 10% of molasses and fresh fish meat for broiler chicks during early feeding period.

A total number of one hundred and twenty birds aged one day were randomly assigned into four equal groups to investigate the effect of feed color on growth performance, carcass characteristics and economical efficiency of broiler. The first group fed non color feed and considered as control group (C). While, second, third and forth treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3) were fed on green, orange and red feed, respectively. The obtained results showed that feed color treatments had significant effect on body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversation and healthy traits throughout the experimental period. Also, there are significant differences in carcass color, dressed carcass percentages, carcass cut-up parts percentages or muscles (breast, drum and thigh), giblets (heart, liver and gizzard), carcass deep (cm) and abdominal fat percentages. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) existed in most meat quality traits, all blood constitutes and bon measurements. It could be concluded that birds fed orange feed had high performance and economical efficiency. Consequently, feed color for broiler chicks should be in orange color

A total number of one hundred and twenty birds aged one day were randomly assigned into four equal groups to investigate the effect of feed color on growth performance, carcass characteristics and economical efficiency of broiler. The first group fed non color feed and considered as control group (C). While, second, third and forth treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3) were fed on green, orange and red feed, respectively. The obtained results showed that feed color treatments had significant effect on body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversation and healthy traits throughout the experimental period. Also, there are significant differences in carcass color, dressed carcass percentages, carcass cut-up parts percentages or muscles (breast, drum and thigh), giblets (heart, liver and gizzard), carcass deep (cm) and abdominal fat percentages. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) existed in most meat quality traits, all blood constitutes and bon measurements. It could be concluded that birds fed orange feed had high performance and economical efficiency. Consequently, feed color for broiler chicks should be in orange color

The study was undertaken to determine the effect of dietary vitamin D supplementation in relation to light type on the productive and reproductive performance economic efficiency of Dandarawi chickens. Three hundred and sixty birds were randomly distributed into two main groups and received 0 and 50 ppm vitamin D. Each main group were divided into 3 equal groups (60 birds each) and housed in floor pens and reared under continues light for 12 hours per day, 6 h continues light +6 h flash light/day and 12 hours per day flash light, respectively from 4 wks till thirty six weeks of age. The obtained results showed that body weight, body weight gain and feed consumption were significantly increased at 50 ppm vitamin D level. However, No significant differences were observed in all carcass characteristic, genital organs percentages and all blood constitutes except cholesterol values under vitamin D levels. Egg laying rate and sperm concentrations increased significantly in birds fed diets added 50 ppm vitamin D level, while age at sexual maturity decreased significantly. No significant effect on average of egg weight, plumage condition, fertility, most semen quality (volume, color ,pH), egg quality traits except shell thickness due to main effect of vitamin D level and light program or the interaction between them. At 50 ppm vitamin D level improved significantly (P≤0.05) hatchability percentages and decreased body temperature. In addition, light type significantly affected body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion and dressed carcass. However, it had insignificant effects on other carcass traits, genital organs percentages, egg laying rate, egg weight, body temperature, hatchability, plumage condition, mortality rate, quality traits except shell thickness and blood traits except cholesterol values. Flash lighting program decreased significantly age at sexual maturity and improved semen concentrations and fertility percentages. Economic efficiency of the chickens was precisely decreased at dietary vitamin D level and flash light treatments. Finally, the dietary vitamin D level and flash light treatments for Dandrawi chickens during growing and laying periods may be recommended

This study was carried out using 900 Dandarawi chicken eggs to study the hatch performance of different eggs weight as affected by light intensity during incubation. Incubating eggs comprising of small (42g), medium (42-46) and large (>46) weight categories incubated under the recommended conditions of the chicken eggs with light intensity 10-20 luxes or 50-60 luxes emitted from incandescent bulbs. The obtained results showed Results indicated that incubated light intensity treatment (50-60 luxes) had significantly better chick weight and relative weight gain than light intensity (10-20luxes). Also, light intensity significantly increased body temperature, chick breast, liver, ovary and residual yolk sac weight at the 2nd day of age. However, insignificant differences of yolk-free body mass, chick sex, culled and chick weight loss and egg quality scores were observed among all experimental groups. In regard to the effect of egg size, insignificant differences among eggs size groups for egg production chick sex, culled and chick weight loss. However, highly significant differences were observed in yolk-free body mass and quality scores, which improved in medium sized eggs. Insignificant interactions of incubated light intensity× egg weight groups were existed in most studied traits except in yolk-free body mass. It could be concluded that the suitable results of growth performance and health performance were obtained for medium sized eggs of Dandarawi chicken with incubated light intensity 50-60 luxes. Therefore, it could be recommended that intensity treatment (50-60 luxes) could be applied successfully by the hatchery managers to have a better hatch performance without any significant negative effects on chick quality.

This experiment was carried out using 900 Dandarawi chicken eggs to study the hatch performance of different eggs weight as affected by light intensity during incubation. Incubating eggs comprising of small (42g), medium (42-46) and large (>46) weight categories incubated under the recommended conditions of the chicken eggs with light intensity 10-20 luxes or 50-60 luxes emitted from incandescent bulbs. The obtained results showed insignificant differences among eggs size groups for late dead embryo, dead in shell, chemical composition of embryo and chick quality scores. However, highly significant differences were observed in hatchability, early dead embryo, piped egg, egg weight loss, embryo weight percentages, hatch time and chick weight or weight loss, which improved in medium sized eggs. In regard to the effect of light intensity, it significant affected hatchability, embryo growth and moisture content of embryo, which improved in eggs incubated with light intensity 50-60 luxes. However it is not significant differences in dead embryo, dead in shell, egg weight loss, hatch time, chick weight or weight loss, chick quality scores. Insignificant interactions of incubated light intensity× egg weight groups were existed in most studied traits. It could be concluded that the suitable results of hatchability and hatch performance were obtained for medium sized eggs of Dandarawi chicken with incubated light intensity 50-60 luxes

Six hundred eggs from Rhode Island Red were illuminated at two levels of light intensity during incubation period to investigate the hatch performance of different eggs color. All eggs were randomly distributed into two groups according to light intensity level (10-20 luxes or 50-60 luxes). Each group were divided to three subgroups according to pigmentation level (light, medium and heavy) and incubated under the recommended conditions. The obtained results showed insignificant differences among eggs color groups for late dead embryo, dead in shell, chemical composition of embryo and chick quality scores. However, highly significant differences were observed in hatchability, early dead embryo, piped egg, egg weight loss, embryo weight percentages, hatch time and chick weight or weight loss. In regard to the effect of light intensity, it affected hatchability, embryo growth and moisture content of embryo. However it is not significant differences in dead embryo, dead in shell, egg weight loss, hatch time, chick weight or weight loss, chick quality scores. Significant interactions of incubated light intensity × egg color groups were existed in most studied traits. It could be concluded that the suitable results of hatchability and hatch performance were obtained for medium light shell pigmentation of Rhode Island Red eggs with incubated light intensity 10-20 luxes

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