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Lipase-catalyzed biotransformation of fungal lipids into biodiesel via bacterial enzymes or whole cell catalysts has been considered as one of the most promising methods to produce applicable, renewable and environmentally friendly alternative liquid fuels. Four highly lipolytic bacterial isolates were isolated from seeds and grains of some plant species and screened for their potentiality to synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) by lipase esterification process for the production of cost-competitive biodiesel. The four isolates were identified based on phenotypic and gene encoding 16S rRNA as Bacillus vallismortis ASU 3 (KP777551), Bacillus tequilensis ASU 11 (KP777550), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ASU 16 (KP777549) and Bacillus firmus ASU 32 (KP777552). Among the four tested bacterial lipases, extracellular lipase of B firmus ASU 32 (KP777552) showed the highest activity toward the transesterification of fungal lipids as 71.2% of total fatty acid methyl eseters (FAMEs). B. firmus ASU 32 lipases displayed a higher thermal stability and methanol tolerance ensuring their application as a promising biocatalyst for FAME synthesis. The results proved that, the most active acyl acceptors for biodiesel production from fungal lipids by B. firmus lipase were methanol and ethyl acetate. B. firmus has applicable future as a whole cell biocatalyst for FAME synthesis from fungal lipids. Alleviation the inhibitory effect of methanol in the transesterification process of fungal lipids by lipases might be performed through separation of hydrolysis step from esterification process by methanol for FAME synthesis. This paper is expected to provide a competitive economic outcome for industrial FAME synthesis.

Lipase-catalyzed biotransformation of fungal lipids into biodiesel via bacterial enzymes or whole cell catalysts has been considered as one of the most promising methods to produce applicable, renewable and environmentally friendly alternative liquid fuels. Four highly lipolytic bacterial isolates were isolated from seeds and grains of some plant species and screened for their potentiality to synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) by lipase esterification process for the production of cost-competitive biodiesel. The four isolates were identified based on phenotypic and gene encoding 16S rRNA as Bacillus vallismortis ASU 3 (KP777551), Bacillus tequilensis ASU 11 (KP777550), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ASU 16 (KP777549) and Bacillus firmus ASU 32 (KP777552). Among the four tested bacterial lipases, extracellular lipase of B firmus ASU 32 (KP777552) showed the highest activity toward the transesterification of fungal lipids as 71.2% of total fatty acid methyl eseters (FAMEs). B. firmus ASU 32 lipases displayed a higher thermal stability and methanol tolerance ensuring their application as a promising biocatalyst for FAME synthesis. The results proved that, the most active acyl acceptors for biodiesel production from fungal lipids by B. firmus lipase were methanol and ethyl acetate. B. firmus has applicable future as a whole cell biocatalyst for FAME synthesis from fungal lipids. Alleviation the inhibitory effect of methanol in the transesterification process of fungal lipids by lipases might be performed through separation of hydrolysis step from esterification process by methanol for FAME synthesis. This paper is expected to provide a competitive economic outcome for industrial FAME synthesis.

In the present work, we have examined the binding parameters, thermodynamics and stability of human serum albumin (HSA) isoforms at pH 7.4 and 9.0, using spectroscopic, calorimetric and molecular docking methods in the presence of water soluble camptothecin analog irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11). We observed that CPT-11 binds to HSA through a static quenching procedure of ground-state complex formation with N-isoform and B-isoform. Hydrogen-bond and hydrophobic interactions are the major governing forces that participating in the formation of protein-drug complex. To determine the binding site of CPT-11 within HSA molecules we also have perform molecular docking experiments. We explored the CPT-11 mediated stability and modulation of HSA by performing dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments. DLS and DSC techniques are used to determine the size and the melting point (Tm) of HSA, which was decreased in the presence of CPT-11. Therefore, CPT-11 plays an important role in HSA stability and protein-ligand interactions. The present study provides valuable information in the field of pharmaco-kinetics pharmaco-dynamics and drug discovery.

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in this paper discusses the MHD mixed convection boundary layer stagnation point flow of a nanofluid towards a Stretching Surface of both nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms

The aim of this paper is to prove some common xed point theorems for four mappings satisfying ( ; ')-weak contractions involving rational expressions in ordered partial metric spaces. Our results extend, generalize and improve some well-known results in the literature. Also, we give two examples to illustrate our results.

The present investigation aimed to determine the tox-icological effects of mercury chloride on biochemical parameters of the widely consumed African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Adult specimens of Clarias garie-pinus were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.04 and 0.12 ppm) of mercury chloride for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Empirical data of results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the effects of mercury, selenium, vitamin E and exposure periods. The mean values of Na + , Urea, Creatinine, AST, ALT and ALP were significantly in-creased from the control values, while mean values of K + , Glucose and Triglyceride were significantly decreased from the control values. Selenium and Vitamin E supplementation play appositive role in detoxification of mercury toxicity specially the low dose. The results suggest that mercury chloride can negatively affect the physiology of fish. It was observ-ed that supplementation of selenium and vitamin E decreases the toxic effect of mercury.

Various nanostructures of zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared on bare and functioned silicon substrates by developed thermal evaporation method. The nanostructures have been controlled by the functionalization of the substrate surface, where polished silicon was functionalized with Pt-template and Pt-film on its surface. The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffarctometer, and UV-vis absorbance spectra. As a variation of the substrate surface, the ZnO product showed different surface morphologies of nanostructures. X-ray data has confirmed the purity of ZnO and the impurities of Pt in the samples deposited on functionalized substrates. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures in a wastewater was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue. Photocatalytic activity was enhanced by using Pt functionalization, and the best photocatalytic performance was recorded for the ZnO/Pt-film/Si sample.

Various nanostructures of zinc oxide (ZnO) were prepared on bare and functioned silicon substrates by developed thermal evaporation method. The nanostructures have been controlled by the functionalization of the substrate surface, where polished silicon was functionalized with Pt-template and Pt-film on its surface. The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffarctometer, and UV-vis absorbance spectra. As a variation of the substrate surface, the ZnO product showed different surface morphologies of nanostructures. X-ray data has confirmed the purity of ZnO and the impurities of Pt in the samples deposited on functionalized substrates. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures in a wastewater was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue. Photocatalytic activity was enhanced by using Pt functionalization, and the best photocatalytic performance was recorded for the ZnO/Pt-film/Si sample.