Because of their effectiveness and flexibility in finding useful solutions, Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are very popular search techniques for solving complex optimization problems in scientific and industrial fields. Parallel GAs (PGAs), and especially distributed ones have been usually presented as the way to overcome the time-consuming shortcoming of sequential GAs. In the case of applying PGAs, we can expect better performance, the reason being the exchange of knowledge during the parallel search process. The resulting distributed search is different compared to what sequential panmictic GAs do, then deserving additional studies. This article presents a performance study of three different PGAs. Moreover, we investigate the effect of synchronizing communications over modern shared-memory multiprocessors. We consider the master-slave model along with synchronous and asynchronous distributed GAs

Optimization arises everywhere in industrial and engineering fields, with complex and time-consuming problems to be solved. Exact search techniques cannot afford practical solutions for most of the real-life problems in reasonable time-bound. Metaheuristics proved to be numerically efficient solvers for such problems in terms of solution quality, however, they could require large time and energy to get the optimal solution. Parallelization (i.e., distributed) is a promising approach for overcoming the overwhelming energy and time consumption values of these methods. Despite recent approaches in running metaheuristics in parallel, the community still lacks for novel studies comparing and benchmarking the canonical optimization techniques while being running in parallel. In this work, we present two extensive studies to the solution quality, energy consumption, and execution time for three different metaheuristics (Genetic Algorithm, Variable Neighborhood Search, and Simulated Annealing) and their distributed counterparts. The main aim of our studies is exploring the efficiency of parallel execution of the metaheuristics while being running in new computing environments. Here, we want to identify the combinatorics between metaheuristics and solving optimization problems while being run in parallel. For our studies, we consider a multicore machine with 32 cores. This choice to a recent and commonly used system shall enrich the existing literature for multicore systems against the enormous existing studies over cluster systems. The analyses and discussions for the results of the different algorithms exhibit the combinatorics between the different metaheuristics and the parallel execution using a different number of cores. The outcome of these studies builds a guide for future designs of efficient and energy-aware optimization techniques.

Abstract—Hankel transform was employed to solve the twodimensional steady state advection–diffusion equation considering a continuous point source with vertical eddy diffusivity as a power law of vertical height and downwind distance, also, taking wind speed as power law. The analytical model was evaluated and compared with Hanford diffusion experiment in stable conditions and Copenhagen diffusion experiment in unstable and neutral conditions which was done by reducing the general analytical model to a one with linear vertical eddy diffusivity and constant downwind speed profile. Comparison with other analytical models was held. The presented model predictions show a good agreement with observations and lay inside a factor of two with observed data of both Hanford and Copenhagen diffusion experiments.

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Abstract: A series of new 2-pyrazoline analogues was synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by the analytical and spectroscopic data. Some selected compounds were screened for the anti-inflammatory activity by using the animal model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. Additionally, the analgesic and acute toxicity of these compounds were evaluated and exhibited reasonable results. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were established by measuring the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the edema paw tissue. The results revealed that compounds 5, 6, 7, and 15 could be recognized as potential multi-potent anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: A series of new 2-pyrazoline analogues was synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by the analytical and spectroscopic data. Some selected compounds were screened for the anti-inflammatory activity by using the animal model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. Additionally, the analgesic and acute toxicity of these compounds were evaluated and exhibited reasonable results. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were established by measuring the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the edema paw tissue. The results revealed that compounds 5, 6, 7, and 15 could be recognized as potential multi-potent anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: Nonclassical effects are investigated in a system formed by two quantum wells, each of which is inside an open cavity. The cavities are spatially separated, linked by a fiber, and filled with a linear optical medium. Based on Husimi distributions (HDs) andWehrl entropy, we explore the effects of the physical parameters on the generation and the robustness of the mixedness and HD information in the phase space. The generated quantum coherence and the HD information depend crucially on the cavity-exciton and fiber cavity couplings as well as on the optical medium density. The HD information and purity are lost due to the dissipation. This loss may be inhibited by increasing the optical susceptibility as well as the couplings of the exciton-cavity and the fiber-cavity. These parameters control the regularity, amplitudes, and frequencies of the generated mixedness.

We explore two open cavity-qubit systems linked via an optical fiber. The generation of non-local correlations (NLCs) between the two qubits, via skew-information and Bell-function, are investigated under the effects of the physical parameters of the initial state and the interaction couplings of the cavity-qubit and the cavity-fiber and the environment. It is found that the robustness and the generation of the NLCs depend on the physical parameters. Under the condition that the cavity-qubit couplings is much smaller than the cavity-fiber coupling, the regularity of the growth and the oscillations of the NLCs are enhanced and are more robust

We explore the quantum correlations (QCs) of two non-interacting two-level systems (qubits). Each qubit is embedded in an open cavity, the cavities are linked by an optical fiber and leak photons to the exter- nal environment. The quantum correlations are investigated via three different quantifiers (measurement- induced nonlocality, geometric quantum discord and negativity) under the effects of the coupling of the qubit-cavity and the fiber-cavity interactions as well as the cavity dissipations. It is found that the gen- eration of QCs and their sudden birth and death phenomena, depend not only on the qubit-cavity and fiber-cavity couplings, but also on the initial states. The robustness of the QCs against the cavity dissi- pations can be enhanced in the regime of the ultra-strong cavity-fiber coupling. We convey that it is possible to control the quantum correlations, as well as to reduce the effect of cavity dissipation.

We explore the quantum correlations (QCs) of two non-interacting two-level systems (qubits). Each qubit is embedded in an open cavity, the cavities are linked by an optical fiber and leak photons to the exter- nal environment. The quantum correlations are investigated via three different quantifiers (measurement- induced nonlocality, geometric quantum discord and negativity) under the effects of the coupling of the qubit-cavity and the fiber-cavity interactions as well as the cavity dissipations. It is found that the gen- eration of QCs and their sudden birth and death phenomena, depend not only on the qubit-cavity and fiber-cavity couplings, but also on the initial states. The robustness of the QCs against the cavity dissi- pations can be enhanced in the regime of the ultra-strong cavity-fiber coupling. We convey that it is possible to control the quantum correlations, as well as to reduce the effect of cavity dissipation.