glaucoma is aleading cause of blindness worldwide. the study aimed to assess participants knowldge regarding glaucoma.methods: Quasi experimental research design carried out in Assiut University. it included 1000 participants aged forty and more. Tools: Data collected by using two tool: 1 interview form consisted of three parts: first part included demographic characteristics.the second part assessment of ophthalmic , medical and family history. third part assessment of knowledge regarding glaucoma.tool2:eye examination.done by using tonopen device, perimetry and ophthalmoscopy. the main result of present study were: 94.5% of the employees had unsatisfactory knowledge regarding glaucoma.there is was statistical significant difference between employees level of knowledge and their education. it concluded that : the employees had poor knowledge about glaucoma in pre test while after implementation the educational program their knowledge was improved. it was recommended that : periodic health education programs should be implemented for employees with chronic disease every year.

Clinical audit is one of the main tools to establish whether the best evidence is being used in practice, as it identifies any gaps between what is done and what should be done, and rectifies any deficiencies in the actual processes of care. Clinical audit has been increasingly required for the accreditation process in every modern healthcare system. Aim of the study: Record auditing to assess nursing functions in general Intensive Care Unit at main Assiut University Hospital. Subject and method: A descriptive research design was utilized in the present study. The study sample constituted of 50 patients' records (medical and nursing records). Study tool: Auditing of Nursing Functions questionnaire consisted of two parts: 1st part included two questions related to socio-demographic data of patient includes: (name of patient, hospital number); 2nd part of the questionnaire adopted from (Phaneuf's nursing audit, 1955) which includes fifty items of nursing care functions. Results: Illustrated that none of the study subject had an excellent auditing of nursing and medical care, nearly two thirds of the data audited were good, more than one quarter were incomplete in auditing of nursing and medical care; and eight percent had a poor auditing of nursing and medical care. Recommendations: In- service training program for nurses needed to improve the quality of service. Replicate of these study at different units in health care settings to ensure effectiveness of the tool and serving as basis for planning new programs; identification of areas of strength and weakness in various settings.

Clinical audit is one of the main tools to establish whether the best evidence is being used in practice, as it identifies any gaps between what is done and what should be done, and rectifies any deficiencies in the actual processes of care. Clinical audit has been increasingly required for the accreditation process in every modern healthcare system. Aim of the study: Record auditing to assess nursing functions in general Intensive Care Unit at main Assiut University Hospital. Subject and method: A descriptive research design was utilized in the present study. The study sample constituted of 50 patients' records (medical and nursing records). Study tool: Auditing of Nursing Functions questionnaire consisted of two parts: 1st part included two questions related to socio-demographic data of patient includes: (name of patient, hospital number); 2nd part of the questionnaire adopted from (Phaneuf's nursing audit, 1955) which includes fifty items of nursing care functions. Results: Illustrated that none of the study subject had an excellent auditing of nursing and medical care, nearly two thirds of the data audited were good, more than one quarter were incomplete in auditing of nursing and medical care; and eight percent had a poor auditing of nursing and medical care. Recommendations: In- service training program for nurses needed to improve the quality of service. Replicate of these study at different units in health care settings to ensure effectiveness of the tool and serving as basis for planning new programs; identification of areas of strength and weakness in various settings.

Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus, resulting in or caused by its death. The aim of this study: Assess the impact of Immediate Versus Delayed Post Abortion Family Planning Counseling on Increasing Contraceptive Rate Subjects and method: All the included Post abortion women were randomly assigned into two main groups, Intervention Group women was counseled immediately after abortion about the family planning methods. The Control Group women who were receive the same counseling information but after one week of abortion at the Out Patient Family Planning Clinics. Results: The majority of both groups had no pregnancy with using family planning methods "79.0%&79.5%" respectively, with sig, differences between both groups P.V (0.040). Conclusion: There is Sig. differences with P.V (0.001) between Intervention and Control group as regards to the rate of contraceptive use. So Delayed is better than Immediate post abortion Family Planning Counseling on Increasing Contraceptive Rate. Recommendations: Public health promotion programs approved by the Ministry of Health should promote child-spacing, modern methods of contraception.

Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus, resulting in or caused by its death. The aim of this study: Assess the impact of Immediate Versus Delayed Post Abortion Family Planning Counseling on Increasing Contraceptive Rate Subjects and method: All the included Post abortion women were randomly assigned into two main groups, Intervention Group women was counseled immediately after abortion about the family planning methods. The Control Group women who were receive the same counseling information but after one week of abortion at the Out Patient Family Planning Clinics. Results: The majority of both groups had no pregnancy with using family planning methods "79.0%&79.5%" respectively, with sig, differences between both groups P.V (0.040). Conclusion: There is Sig. differences with P.V (0.001) between Intervention and Control group as regards to the rate of contraceptive use. So Delayed is better than Immediate post abortion Family Planning Counseling on Increasing Contraceptive Rate. Recommendations: Public health promotion programs approved by the Ministry of Health should promote child-spacing, modern methods of contraception.

Background: The rapid upswing in obesity prevalence across nations, ages, and ethnic groups has reached pandemic proportions. There is a significant increase in the incidence of obesity with a prevalence of 2%–55% in adult females. Aims of the study to assess the hospital based rate of obesity among high risk pregnant women at Qena University Hospital, assess the antenatal obstetric and medical complications associated with obesity among these women, and provide health education about the dietary requirements. Subjects and methods Cross Sectional research design was carried out in this study. A simple random sample of high risk pregnant women (350) seeking care at Qena University Hospital were recruited. A Screening sheet used for detecting the rate of obesity by anthropometric measurements, then for obese women: a structured interviewing questionnaire was used to complete socio-demographic data, obstetric history, maternal medical history, family history, current antenatal risk factors associated with Obesity. The main results: more than half (57.4%) of high risk pregnant women were classified as obesity class one. Obese women were at increased risk of pregnancy complications such as previous caesarean section (38.3%), premature rupture of membrane were (13.4%), pregnancy induced hypertension (11.7 %). Conclusion hospital based rate of obesity was one third of the total flow of pregnant women at this hospital was obese with high risk pregnancy and the most common obstetrics' complications associated with obesity were previous caesarean section and premature rupture of membrane respectively.

Antenatal care ANC plays an important role in ensuring a healthy mother & baby during pregnancy and after delivery. Aims of the study to assess the prevalence of low and high risk pregnant women at Kolta’s Maternal and Child Health Center (MCHC), Medical and Obstetrical (Maternal& fetal) risk factors among pregnant women at the same center. Subjects and methods descriptive research design was utilized in the present study, convenient sample was used among all prospective pregnant women who attended the Kolta's MCHC, sample size was 346 women, statistical record was from data base records of Kolta′ s MCHC to gain the actual prevalence of low & high risk pregnant women, structured interviewing questionnaire which developed by the investigator and included: Sociodemographic data, Obstetrical history, initial assessment, data related to high risk pregnancy, scoring system of high risk pregnancy. The study results revealed that 67.9 % were in the of age group 20- 29 years old, 52% were living in rural areas, 71% were multigravidae, 23.6% had complications during last pregnancy, 86.2% had no medical history, 41.9% had anemia during pregnancy, 69.7% were high risk pregnancy, there are significant difference between weeks of gestation and anthropometric measurement P value =0.021 and significant difference between sociodemographic data and current antenatal care P value= 0.001 Conclusion study concluded more than one third of the sample had anemia, the rate of high risk in the study was more than two thirds of the sample . Therefore, it is recommended to increasing pregnant women's awareness about ANC and risk factors during pregnancy, continuing Educational Nursing Programmes to access the high quality of care, new studies should be established.

Antenatal care ANC plays an important role in ensuring a healthy mother & baby during pregnancy and after delivery. Aims of the study to assess the prevalence of low and high risk pregnant women at Kolta’s Maternal and Child Health Center (MCHC), Medical and Obstetrical (Maternal& fetal) risk factors among pregnant women at the same center. Subjects and methods descriptive research design was utilized in the present study, convenient sample was used among all prospective pregnant women who attended the Kolta's MCHC, sample size was 346 women, statistical record was from data base records of Kolta′ s MCHC to gain the actual prevalence of low & high risk pregnant women, structured interviewing questionnaire which developed by the investigator and included: Sociodemographic data, Obstetrical history, initial assessment, data related to high risk pregnancy, scoring system of high risk pregnancy. The study results revealed that 67.9 % were in the of age group 20- 29 years old, 52% were living in rural areas, 71% were multigravidae, 23.6% had complications during last pregnancy, 86.2% had no medical history, 41.9% had anemia during pregnancy, 69.7% were high risk pregnancy, there are significant difference between weeks of gestation and anthropometric measurement P value =0.021 and significant difference between sociodemographic data and current antenatal care P value= 0.001 Conclusion study concluded more than one third of the sample had anemia, the rate of high risk in the study was more than two thirds of the sample . Therefore, it is recommended to increasing pregnant women's awareness about ANC and risk factors during pregnancy, continuing Educational Nursing Programmes to access the high quality of care, new studies should be established.

Pregnancy and the transition to parenthood involve major psychological and social changes in future parents. These changes have been linked to an increase in anxiety rates and depression symptoms. The aim of the study: was to investigate the prevalence, degrees and risk factors of antenatal depression and anxiety among pregnant women attending El-Eman Specialized Hospital, for antenatal care.

Pregnancy and the transition to parenthood involve major psychological and social changes in future parents. These changes have been linked to an increase in anxiety rates and depression symptoms. The aim of the study: was to investigate the prevalence, degrees and risk factors of antenatal depression and anxiety among pregnant women attending El-Eman Specialized Hospital, for antenatal care.