Background: Nowadays, widespread usage of colours increases the need for accurate estimation of colour vision defects and their effect on performing daily activities and study/work tasks. Aims: To determine the prevalence and predictors of colour vision defects among Assiut university students and to identify their relationship with self-reported visual function and perceived difficulties in performing daily activities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1426 students at Assiut University, Egypt. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire consisting of: personal characteristics, prior awareness of colour vision defects, difficulties in daily colour vision activities, and visual function. Colour vision was assessed using Ishihara’s test of colour deficiency. Results: The prevalence of colour vision defects among students was 6.9% (red–green colour vision was 4.3% and total colour blindness was 2.6%). Students with colour vision defects had significantly higher odds ratios for difficulties in daily activities and study/work tasks related to colour perception. Students with colour vision defects had significantly lower mean values of general health, role difficulties, and colour vision scores compared to students with normal colour insight. Male sex and family history of colour vision defects were risk factors. Conclusions: A non-negligible percentage of Egyptian university students had colour vision defects, which had a negative impact on performing daily activities, executing study/work tasks, and choice of study/work specialties. Colour vision defects affected quality of life with regard to general health, role difficulties and colour vision. Male sex and family history of colour vision defects are nonmodifiable risk factors. This emphasizes the need for genetic counselling, especially in consanguineous marriage.
Older adults are more at risk for serious sickness from COVID 19 because of their basic therapeutic conditions.
to determine the effect of health education program about covid 19 on older adults’ knowledge, practice and perception.
Quasi-experimental design was used.
the study was conducted at Assiut city older adults clubs (The Legitimacy Assembly elderly club and the Islamic Cultural Center elderly club). The program was conducted on the participants who agreed to participate in the study; their number was 50 older adults.
Three tools were utilized. Tool I: Structured interview schedule: It include sociodemographic characteristics as age, sex residence, etc. Tool II: Knowledge and practices related to coronavirus pandemic. Tool III: Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire BIP-Q.
score of good knowledge level increased from 34.0% in pre-test to 82.0% in post-test & poor knowledge level decreased from 42.0% in pretest to 8.0% in the posttest. Also, there was a significant upgrade in the knowledge level of the studied sample as there was a statistically significant difference between pretest, & posttest P-value= 0.000.
The present study concluded that: older adults aged ≥70 years had poor knowledge level about covid 19 than elderly aged 60-69 years old; also there was significant positive upgrade among the older adults participants regarding their knowledge and practice about novel corona virus.
